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1、一.賓語(yǔ)從句的定義置于動(dòng)詞、介詞等詞性后面起賓語(yǔ)作用的從句叫賓語(yǔ)從句。賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序必須是陳述語(yǔ)序。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、介詞、動(dòng)詞不定式,v.-ing形式后面都能帶賓語(yǔ)從句。有些形容詞(afraid,sure,glad等)之后也可以帶賓語(yǔ)從句。二.賓語(yǔ)從句中引導(dǎo)詞的用法在復(fù)合句中作主句的賓語(yǔ),引導(dǎo)詞有:連詞:that (that ??墒÷?,whether, if代詞:who, whose, what ,which 副詞:when ,where, how, why 等。(一)that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句(在非正式場(chǎng)合that可以省略)可跟that從句做賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有:say, think, wish, hope
2、, wonder, know, see, believe, agree, order, feel, hear, mean, report等。例句:The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets.注意事項(xiàng):當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是 think, believe, suppose, expect 等詞,而賓語(yǔ)從句的意思是否定時(shí),常把否定轉(zhuǎn)移至主句表示。例句:I dont think it is right for him to treat you like that.注意事項(xiàng):許多帶復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的句子,that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從
3、句經(jīng)常移到句子后部,而用it作形式賓語(yǔ)。例句:I find it necessary that we should do the homework on time.(二)由whether,if 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句由whether(if)引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句,實(shí)際上是一般疑問(wèn)句演變而來(lái)的。意思是“是否”。賓語(yǔ)從句要用陳述句語(yǔ)序。一般說(shuō)來(lái),在賓語(yǔ)從句中whether與if可以互換使用,例句:I wonder whether(if) they will come to our party.但在特殊情況下if與whether是不能互換的。只能用whether,不能用if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句在帶to的不定式前 例句:W
4、e decided whether to walk there.在介詞的后面 例句:Im thinking of whether we should go to see the film.在動(dòng)詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí) 例句:We discussed whether we had a sports meeting next week直接與or not連用時(shí) 例句:I cant say whether or not thet can come on time.只能用if不能用whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句if引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句,意為“如果” 例句:The students will go on a picn
5、ic if it is sunny.if引導(dǎo)否定概念的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí) 例句:He asked if I didnt come to school yesterday.引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句even if(即使)和as if(好象)時(shí) 例句:He talks as if he has known all about it.(三)連接代詞和連接副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句這樣的賓語(yǔ)從句實(shí)際上是由特殊疑問(wèn)句變化而來(lái)的,賓語(yǔ)從句要用陳述句語(yǔ)序。英語(yǔ)中的連接代詞有:who,whom,whose,which,what,在句中擔(dān)任主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)或者表語(yǔ)。例句:Can you tell me whom you are waitin
6、g for?英語(yǔ)中的連接副詞有:when,where,why,how,在句中擔(dān)任狀語(yǔ)的成分。例句:None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.三.賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序是陳述句語(yǔ)序即:連接代詞/副詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+其他成分。例句如下:I dont know what they are looking for.Could you tell me when the train will leave?Can you imagine what kind of man he is?四.賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),從句根據(jù)實(shí)際情況使用任
7、何時(shí)態(tài)。例句:The headmaster hopes everything goes well.主句是過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài),從句須用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的某種形式。例句:She was sorry that she hadnt finished her work on time.當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句表示的是一個(gè)客觀真理或者事實(shí)時(shí),即使主句是過(guò)去時(shí),從句也用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。例句:The teacher told his class that light travels faster than sound.五.賓語(yǔ)從句的特點(diǎn)賓語(yǔ)從句可以作及物動(dòng)詞、介詞及形容詞的賓語(yǔ)。賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序一律用陳述句語(yǔ)序。連接詞that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句在句中
8、無(wú)詞義,不充當(dāng)句子成份,多數(shù)情況下可以省略。whether 和 if 都可引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句,但 whether后可緊跟or not;如果從句太長(zhǎng),可以用形式賓語(yǔ)it.賓語(yǔ)從句練習(xí)題 I從下列A、B、C、D中選擇一個(gè)正確選項(xiàng)填空。 1. I don't know _ he will come tomorrow. _ he comes, I'll tell you A. if; Whether&
9、#160; B. whether; Whether C. if; That D. if; If 2. I don't know _ the day after tomorrow. A. when
10、60;does he come B. how will he come C. if he comes D. whether he'll come 3. Could you tell me
11、_ the nearest hospital is? A. what B. how C. whether D. where 4. Could you tell me _
12、;the radio without any help? A. how did he mend B. what did he mend C. how he mended D. what he mended 5.&
13、#160;I want to know _. A. whom is she looking after B. whom she is looking C. whom is she looking
14、; D. whom she is looking after6. Do you know where _ now? A. he lives B. does he live C. he lived D. d
15、id he live 7. Do you know what time _? A. the train leave B. does the train leave C. will the train leave D. the tr
16、ain leaves 8. I don't know _. Can you tell me, please? A. how the two players are old B. how old are the two players C.
17、60;the two players are how old D. how old the two players are 9. The small children don't know _. A. what is their stockings in &
18、#160; B. what is in their stockings C. where is their stockings in D. what in their stockings 10. I can't understand _. A.
19、60;what does Christmas mean B. what Christmas does mean C. what mean Christmas does D. what Christmas means II. 按要求轉(zhuǎn)換句型。 1. Does Mr.
20、160;Brown enjoy living in China? Could you tell us?(改寫(xiě)句子) Could you tell us _ Mr. Brown _ living in China? 2. "Does the girl need any help?” he asked
21、me.(變?yōu)閺?fù)合句) He asked me _ the girl _ some help 3.Jim is not a student. Tom is not a student, either.(合并為一個(gè)句子) _ Jim _Tom is a student. 4. When does t
22、he train leave? I want to know.(改為含賓語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句) I want to know _ the train _. 5. They went home after they had finished their homework. (用notuntil改寫(xiě)) They _&
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