南岳衡山英文介紹復(fù)習(xí)進(jìn)程

1、南岳衡山英文介紹Hengshan, named the Southern Mountain of the Five Sacred Mountains, is located in Hengyang County, the middle part of Hunan Province. It has 72 peaks and ext ends 150 kilometers, with 800 miles in circumference. The Huiyan Peak is the sout h end of the peaks, Yuelu Mountain in Changsha City

2、is the north end, and the Z hurong Peak is the highest, with 1,290 meters above sea level. On the top, the Sh aolin Temple and the Watching Sunrise Platform are the best scenic spots.Besides marvelous temples, the mountain also boasts 9 ponds, 9 wells, 9 pools, 1 0 caves, 15 rocks, 25 streams and 38

3、 springs, in harmony with green forests and fragrant flowers and grass. Grand, graceful, sequestered and culturally abundant, H engshan leads the five sacred mountains by its gracefulness.As early as 2,000 years ago, many emperors and celebrities visited Hengshan and left quite a lot of stone inscri

4、ptions of poems, including that of famous poets: Liba i, Dufu and Zhuxi. With beautiful scenery and rich cultural heritage, the mountain at tracts travelers home and abroad.The biggest temple in the mountain is the Nanyue Temple, which is the largest gro up of ancient buildings in Hunan Province, co

5、vering an area of 100,000 square me ters. Among the temples in the mountain, the Fuyan Temple is known as the natio n's "First Temple of Buddhist Doctrine", with a maidenhair tree of 1,400 years old; the Nantai Temple has a history of over 1,400 years and is regarded as the origin of a

6、 Buddhist branch in Japan; the Tripitaka Temple, famous for its delicacy and enfeoffed Confuian classics, is surrounded by such oddly-shaped ancient trees like Money Tree, Tree of Love, etc., and many historic sites like Shuzhuang Tai and Di aoyu Tai and Yunchun Pavilion. The Fangguang Temple, which

7、 is quiet with a fore st of ancient trees, and the Water-Screen Cave, which is mysterious, are all spots of interest.The renowned Four Wonders of the Southern Mountain are, namely, the loftiness o f Zhurong Peak, the delicacy of Tripitaka Temple, the quietness of Fangguang Tem ple and the mystery of

8、 Water-screen Cave.- Nanyue TempleThe Nanyue Temple has nine courtyards and the main hall is 22 meters high, sup ported by 72 stone pillars, which symbolize the 72 peaks of the mountain. Glazed i n red and yellow, the temple, covering 98,500 sq. meters, is linked with many othe r buildings and repre

9、sents a grand palace complex.The gate of the Nanyue Temple is a 20-meter-high stone gate called Lingxing Gat e. The main hall of the Nanyue Temple is called the Shendi Hall, over 30 meters high and over 50 meters wide, which looks magnificent and has two layers. In the middle there con secrates the

10、figure of Nanyue God Emperor. With 72 large stone poles supporting the hall, it looks magnificent and characteristic.Passing the GodEmperor Hall, it is Mausoleum with the sitting figures of Saint Father and Saint Mo ther. Besides, there are two halls, one is the Zhusheng Hall, belonging to Taoism, a

11、nd the other is the Xiashen Hall, belonging to Buddhism.-Water-Screen CaveThe Water-ScreenCave,lyingunder the Zigai Peak, is anirresistible attraction.The most famous in the Water-Screen Cave is foundation. Walking along the brook a nd past the stonebridge,youcan see stones with different poses and

12、differentcarvings. The falling foundation falls into a stone pool.Mount. Hen gsha nMt. Hengshan, known as South Mountain, ranks the first among the five sacred mountains in Chin a. It is located in Hen gya ng, the sec ond largest city in Hunan Provi nee. It is also a famous mountain worshipped by Bu

13、ddhists in China.Mt. Hen gsha n exte nds 150 kilometers. The highest peak of the mountain is called Zhuro ng Peak, 1,290 meters above the sea level. On the top, the Shaoli n Temple and Watch ing Sun rise Platform are the best scenic spots.The mountain boats many temples, among which the biggest is t

14、he Nanyue Temple, which covers an area of 100,000 square meters and which is the largest group of ancient buildi ngs in Hunan provi nee. The temple has nine courtyards and the main hall is 22 meters high, supported by 72 stone pillars, which symbolize the 72 peaks of the mountain. The temple, glazed

15、 in red and yellow, is lin ked with many other buildi ngs and represe nts a grand palace complex.Among the temples in the mountain, the Fuyan Temple is known as the nation's "temple of Buddhist doctri ne" and the "Seve n Foun ders' Temple to Perform Buddhist Rites". The N

16、an tai Temple was built duri ng the Yuan dyn asty (1279-1368) and is regarded as the origin of a Buddhist branch in Japan. In addition, the Tripitaka Temple, which is famous for its delicacy, the Fangguang Temple, which is quiet, and the Water-screen Cave, which is mysterious, are all spots of in te

17、rest.Notes:1. Mou nt. He ngsha n衡山2. South Mou nta in南岳3. Zhuro ng Peak 祝融峰2008-10Q幷享1 |衡山旅游英文詞標(biāo)簽： temple palace nanyue imperialchineseNan yue Temple is situated on the no rthern tip of Nan yue Town ship and at the souther n foot of ChidiPeak. In a layout of nine rows, It is the largest and best-pre

18、served an cie nt palatial architecturalcomplex of south China. Magn ifice nt and sple ndid with resple ndent uptur ned eaves. In side the east inparallel to eight Buddhist palaces on the west, It is in deed a won der in the history of religio n thatTaoism. Buddhism and Con fucia n culture can co-exi

19、st with in a sin gle temple.The exact time of the construction of Nanyue Temple is unknown. It existed asearly as in the Qin andHan Dyn astis. Origin ally Located on the summit of Zhur ong Peak, The temple was later moved to themountain foot to facilitate the religious activities. The beginning of t

20、he TangDyn asty wit nessed theformal con structi on of the Heave nly Lord Huo's Temple' the 'Heave nly Master Temple'. So as toenshrine and worship the Gods of the five sacred mountains, During the Song Dyn asty the immortal ofthe Hen gsha n Mou ntai n was revered as the 'Heave n

21、ly Master Zhaoshe ng',as a result the temple wasgradually expa nded and enl arged. Si nee the Tang Dyn asty Nan yue Temple had beed subject to sixfires and 16reconstructions all through the Song. Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the 8th year ofEmperor Guangxu's reign in the Qing Dynasty (18

22、82 A.D), the Imperial Court ordered the rbuild ing ofNanyue Temple. Which had been ruined by lightning. The project was imitative. Copy ing the styles ofthe Imperial Palace. And even to the present day it is still well preserved.Fenced with red-brick walls.Nanyue Temple ccupies an area of some 70.00

23、0 square metres. Fromn orth to south lies in seque nee nine rows and four courtyards-L ingxing Gate.Kuix ing Tower. Chua nGate. Pavilion of Imperial Study, Main Hall, Dwelling Palace and the Northern Rear Exit. The wholearchitecture complex stretches across on axis extending from south to north with

24、 its hal ls lin ked uptogether. The winding corridors and wing-rooms on both sides merge with each other. Acce ntuat ingthe magn ifice nee of the stature of the pr in cipal part. On the east side of the main temple there areeight Taoist palaces. Coord in at ing with eight Buddhist palaces on the wes

25、t side.The first row is Lingxing Gate. Two gilded Chinese characters 'Mountain Temple' are shi ning on thewhite marble at the top of the gate. The marble gate stands as high as 20 metres with a 0 of 1.1metres and is meant to imply that duri ng the past dyn asties all the religious activities

26、 were officiatedby real knowledgeable people. The second row is kuixing Tower. The most perfectly preservedancient stage in Human Province.with a breadth of 35metres and a length of 12. Its fa?ade facing themain palace, the stage is the place where people hold religious activities and perform local

27、operasduring pilgrimage. Before the tower stands a pair of 2-metre tall stone Kylin(Ch in ese unicorn). Withtheir furious eyes widely ope n. They are like two sole mn look ing sen tin els guard ing the tower.The pebble path under the Kuixing Tower leads to the third row-Main Chuan Gate. East and Wes

28、tGates. The gateway is made of gray bricks with an awesome depth and height of 15 metres. Thecourtyard with in is filled with dense cypress trees and carpeted with gree n grass. The fourth row isthe Pavilion of Imperial Study. Distinguished by its gilded tiles. Octagonal doubleeaved roofs andexquisi

29、tely-crafted arches. In side the pavili on there is a Bixi i n the shape of a lege ndary ani mal liketortoise. Lege nd has it that Bixi is the ninth son of the drag on. The Bixi carries an imperial stele onwhich the full text of On Rebuilding Nanyue Temple was carved in the 47th year of Kan gxi'

30、s reig n(1780 A.D.) in the Qing dyn asty.The fifth row is Jiaying Gate. Named after the line from The Annals of Han-Books of Rites and Joys:"This row is the place where local magistrates and monks welcomed ritual officials dispatched from the capital.After the Jiaying Gate the sixth row comes i

31、nto view-Tower of Imperial Study. Which is thestorehouse of the collecti on of imperial calligraphies .messages and in scribed boards con cer ning thepast emperors' ritual prese ntati ons to the mountain. Sweeet osma nthus ahead of the towersubmerges the building with its refreshing scent when i

32、t blossoms every autumn.The seventh row is the Main Palace. Surrounded by towering old trees. Camphor trees pla nted in theSong Dyn asty and cypress in the Ming Dyn asty compete with each other in sett ing off the beauty ofthe uptur ned double-roofs and the sple ndour of the palace. Addi ng treme nd

33、ous awe to the Mai nPalac. As it stands 29.11 metres, its girandeur rivals that of the Palace of supreme Harm ony in theForbidde n City in Beiji ng. In side the palace there are 72 stone pilliars, sta nding for the 72 peaks on theHen gsha n Mountain. The two huge pillars upholdi ng the main roofs we

34、re cut out of a whole grani te.Each weighing 14 tons. Encircled by the balustrades are 144 relief sculptures carved out of whitemarbles. Based on Shanhai Jing . Pillars on the forefront overlap. Carved on them are 56 historical andlegendary thles . On the square door were carved the Images. On the s

35、quare door were carved theImages of the 24 filial Sons and the Images of the 18 Scholars. Here tourists can get a rough idea ofthe age-old Chin ese Con fucia n and Taoist cultures. Clay statues-Heave nly Ki ng Zhaoshe ng and Gen eralJin and Wu line up in the palace with their impressively dignified

36、look, calling forth in tourists a feeli ngof profou nd respect.The eighth row is the dwelling Palacewith double roofs and in perfect harmony with the wholemountain. This structure keeps up the architectural style of the Song Dyn asty and is decorated withcoloured draw ings and patter ns whichare pop

37、ular among palaces in the North. giv ing a sense of gorgeous ness to this palace. The ninthrow is the Norther n Rear Exit. The end of the axial architecture, with Zhushe ng Palace to the rightand Chief God Palace to the left, At the back of the exit. A path leads farther into the mou ntai n.Nan yue

38、Temple occupies a pro minent positi on in the history of an cie nt Chin ese architecture. It carriesthe grandeur characterized by palaces in the North. And at the same time it smacks of the loveli nessfeatured by garde ns in the South. The architectural arran geme nt of the temple is clearly demarca

39、tedand gen tly modulated. Stron gly in dicat ing the ingen uity and origi nality of the craftsmen. Its groundand upper layouts are like an eternal musical movement with its own overture, main body and coda.Demon strati ng the excelle nee of an cie nt Chin ese architecture.Nan yue Temple carries a pr

40、ofou nd cultural conno tati on .It boasts a large n umber of clay statues.Wood en grav ings and stone carv in gs, which are all closely lin ked up with Chin ese traditi on and culture.Over 800 dragons of various sizes, which are the symbol of the Chinese nation .canbe foundeverwhere in the temple. T

41、he carvings on the roof wood and white marble balustrades are anencyclopedia of ancient history and mythology. There are fairy tales- "Pan GuCreati ng the Uni verse.""Hou Yi Shoot ing the Sun s", "Ji ng Wei Filli ng up the Ocea n"?; real stories aboutsome historicalfigures- "Su Wu Shepherding Sheep." "sleeping on sticks and Tasting theGallbladder." "Da MOCross ing the Sea"? ; leg