高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)課時提能練33Unit3Underthesea新人教版選修7

1、課時提能練(三十三)Unit 3 Under the sea 課時彳業(yè)A:基礎(chǔ)層面 I .語境語法填空ALast week Mrs. Brown and her child was driving back home aftera 1 .tasty (taste)meal in a KFCrestaurant when a car bumpedinto hers. That driver obviously got drunk. She and her child 2.narrowly (narrow) missed being killed in the3.scary (scare)acci

2、dent, but the child was badly injured. She was in the4.depths (deep) of despairthose days. This case has 5.sharpened (sharp) the debate over a ban of drunken driving. After days of 6.reflection (reflect) I wrote an article, calling on people to raise the 7.awareness (aware) of risks when driving or

3、walking on the road. I also gave some suggestions, including keeping a phone around in case something 8.urgent (urge) happened.BChristmas is drawing 9.close/near, but my seven - year-old sister seems to be in low spirits. I am aware 10.fhe fact that she is in some kind of trouble, but I don't kn

4、ow how I can help her 11 .out. Tomorrow, my mother and I plan to do some shopping if the fine weather holds 12.up. My sister will stay home 13.in_ the meantime, babysitting our smallest brother. I'm reflecting 14.也 what to do to make her pleased. Perhaps a beautiful doll will be a pleasant surpr

5、ise to her on Christmas Eve.CThere used to be a small village15.where the two rivers join. Last winter, aterrible earthquake completely destroyed the village,with dead bodies 16.lying (lie)here and there. It was a time 17.when the survivors had to live with cold and hunger. Food and clothingcould 18

6、.have reached (reach)them but there were constantaftershocks( 余震),which delayed the rescue work. The survivors,19.being (be) veryhungry, had to eat grassroots that they could find. It was not until five days later that helicopters came and took all of them to another place to settle in.n.語境短文改錯根據(jù)P24

7、課文內(nèi)容，對下面材料進(jìn)行修改。文中共有 10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。 每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。I'm sitting in the warm night air with a cold drink in my hand and reflect on the day. It is a day of a pure magic! I went snorkelling on the reef offshore this morning. Seeing so extraordinary beauty, I think every cell in my body woke

8、up. It was like discover a whole new dimension of life. The first thing I became aware was all the vivid colours surrounded me. And the fish didn't seem to mind myself swimming among them. However, there were other creature that I don't want to get too close to. How a tiny spot I was in this

9、 enormous world!答案reflectI'm sitting in the warm night air with a cold drink in my hand andreflectingon the day. It is a day ofHv, pure magic! I went snorkelling on the reef offshoresothis morning. Seeing such extraordinary beauty, I think every cell in my body wokeup. It was likediscoverdiscove

10、ringa whole new dimension of life. The first thing I becameaware was all the vivid colours ofsurrounded me. And the fish didn't seem to mind surroundingmyselfmeswimming among them. However, there were othercreaturedon'tcreaturesdidn'tHowto get too close to. wht a tiny spot I was in this

11、enormous world!m.根據(jù)提示補全句子1 .我經(jīng)常懷念我的童年。那是一段幾乎每天都無憂無慮的日子。 (It was a time when.)I often miss my childhood. It was a time when I spent almost each day without worries.2 .當(dāng)他們正打算看他們最喜愛的電影時，他們聽到來自外面的一個奇怪的聲音。(beabout to.)When they were about to watch their favorite movie, they heard a strange noise coming f

12、rom outside.3 .請記?。耗睦镉袉栴}，哪里就有解決辦法。(where.there be.)Remember that where there is a problem, there is always a solution.4 .每天，學(xué)生們要花三個多小時寫作業(yè)。(it takes sb. +時間+ to do.)It takes the students more than three hours to do their homework every day.5 .我看見他安全地穿過馬路跑開了。(see . doing)I saw him crossing the road sa

13、fely and running away.課時彳業(yè)B:能力層面I .閱讀理解A(2019 陜西省部分學(xué)校摸底檢測,Scientists are preparing to launch the world'sfirst machine to clean up the planet's largest mass of ocean plastic.The experts believe the machine should be able to collect half of the detritus in the patchabout 40 , 000 metric tons w

14、ithin five years. In the past few weeksthey have been busy welding together giant tubes that will sit on the surface of the sea and form the skeleton of the machine, creating the largest floatingbarrier evermade.The system, originally dreamt up by Mr. Slat, will be shipped out this summer to the Gre

15、at Pacific Garbage Patch, between Hawaii and California, which contains estimated 1.8 trillion pieces of plastic. It will be the first ever attempt to tackle the patch since it was discovered in 1997.Mr. Slat was 16 and still at school when he was diving in Greece and first saw for himself the amoun

16、t of plastic polluting the sea. "There were more bags than fish down there he recalls. Two years later he came up with a solution, quit university after six months and set up The Ocean Cleanup as a company. Mr. Slat says the first plastic to arrive on shore will be a major milestone."We as

17、 humanity created thisproblem, so I think it's also our responsibility to help solve ithe says.The Great Pacific Garbage Patch(GPGP) covers an area of 1.6 million square kilometers and contains at least 79, 000 tons of plastic, research found last month. Most of it is made up of “ghost gear” par

18、ts of abandoned and lost fishing gear, such as nets and ropes often from illegal fishing vessels.Ghost gear kills more than 100,000 whales, dolphins and seals each year, according to scientific surveys. Seabirds and other marine life are increasingly being found dead with stomachs full of small piec

19、es of plastic. Creatures eat plastic discarded in the sea thinking it's food but then starve to death because they are not feeding properly. Others are trapped and die of starvation or are strangled or suffocated by ghost gear.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了世界首個海洋垃圾清掃機的發(fā)明。1. What does the underlined word i

20、n the second paragraph probably mean?C. System.A. Waste.B. Ocean.D. Machine.A 詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段畫線詞前的“collect half of ”和第四段第一句中的“first saw for himself the amount of plastic polluting the sea” 和第五段最后句中的 "parts of abandoned and lost fishing gear,such as nets and ropes often fromillegal fishing vessels &

21、quot;可推知，畫線詞的意思是"垃圾"。故選A。2. Which one makes up most of the garbage in Pacific from the passage?A. Fishing vessels.B. Dolphins and seals.C. Giant tubes.D. Abandoned fishing gear.D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段最后一句"Most of it is made up of 'ghost gear parts of abandoned and lost fishing gear, such as

22、 nets and ropes often from illegal fishing vessels”可知，太平洋里的大部分垃圾是由廢棄的釣魚用具組成的。3. Why do some creatures in The Great Pacific Garbage Patch die of starvation?A. Because they are killed by ghost gear.B. Because they are suffocated by ghost gear.C. Because they don't like eating plastic.D. Because th

23、ey are not feeding properly.D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段倒數(shù)第二句中的"but then starve to deathbecausethey are not feeding properly "可知，大太平洋垃圾帶的一些生物死于饑餓是因為它們不 能真正地進(jìn)食。4. What is the main idea of the passage?A. A report about the death of marine life.B. News about the first machine to clean up ocean plastic.C. I

24、nformation about ocean plastic.D. The reason for inventing a machine.B 主旨大意題。本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了世界首個海洋垃圾清掃機的發(fā)明。第 一段 "Scientists are preparing to launch the world's firstmachine to clean up theplanet's largest mass of ocean plastic ”點明了文章的主題。 故選 R B（2019 合肥市第二次教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測）Classifying things is cri

25、tical for our dailylives. For example, we have to detect spam mail（垃圾郵件）,false political news. When we use AI, such tasks are based on “ classification technology " in machine learning having the computer learn, using the boundary separating positive andnegative data. For example, a positive &q

26、uot; data would be photos including a happy face, and “negative " data photos that include a sad face. Once a classification boundary is learned, the computer can determine whether certain data are positive or negative.However, the difficulty with this technology is that it requires both positi

27、ve and negative data for the learning process, and negative data are not available in many cases. For instance, when a retailer( 零售商)is trying to predict who will make a purchase, they can easily find data on customers who have purchased from them(positive data), but it is basically impossible to ob

28、tain data on customers who have never purchased from them(negative data), since they do not have access to their competitors' data.According to lead author Takashi Ishida from RIKENAIP, a Previous classification methods could not cope with the situation where negative data were not available, bu

29、t we have made it possible for computers to learn with only positive data, as long as we have a confidence score for our positive data, constructed from information such as buying intention or the active rate of app users. Using our new method, we can let computers learn a classifier only from posit

30、ive data equipped with confidence.”According to Ishida, “This discovery could expand the range of applications where classification technology can be used. Even in fields where machine learning has been actively used, our classification technology could be used in new situations where only positive

31、data can be gathered due to data regulation or business constraints( 限 制).In the near future, we hope to put our technology to use in various research fields, such as natural language processing, computer vision, robotics, and bioinformatics. ”【語篇解讀】分類對我們的日常生活至關(guān)重要。然而在分類技術(shù)機器學(xué)習(xí)過程中，分類既需要積極的數(shù)據(jù)，也需要消極的數(shù)據(jù)，

32、而消極的數(shù)據(jù)在很多情況下是很難獲得的?，F(xiàn)在 科學(xué)家能用分類技術(shù)使機器學(xué)習(xí)只識別積極的數(shù)據(jù)。5. How can the computer distinguish the positive data from the negative data?A. By learning the classification boundary.B. By updating the data collected regularly.C. By separating happy faces and sad ones.D. By introducing classification technology.A 細(xì)節(jié)理

33、解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句"Once a classification boundary is learn ed, the computer can determine whether certain data are positive or negative” 可知，一旦學(xué)習(xí)了分類邊界，計算機就可以確定某些數(shù)據(jù)是積極的還是消極的，由此可知，計算機是通過學(xué)習(xí)分類邊界來區(qū)分積極數(shù)據(jù)和消極數(shù)據(jù)的。6. Why is the example mentioned in Paragraph 2?A. To prove how important the positive data are.B.

34、To confirm that data on customers are complete.C. To argue that retailers get their competitors' data.D. To explain why negative data are hard to acquire.D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章的第二段，尤其是第一句" However, the difficulty with this technology is that it requires both positive and negative datafor the learning

35、process, and negative data are not available inmany cases” 可知，在學(xué)習(xí)過程中,它既需要積極的數(shù)據(jù)，也需要消極的數(shù)據(jù)，而消極的數(shù)據(jù)在很多情況下是很難獲得的，進(jìn)而 后面舉例說明解釋了為什么消極的數(shù)據(jù)很難獲得。7. What do the underlined words“new method" in Paragraph 3 refer to?A. Analyzing buying intention.B. Building a confidence score.C. Assessing the active rate of ap

36、p users.D. Equipping the computer with confidence.B 推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章的第三段，尤其是畫線詞組前一句中的"but we have made itpossible for computers to learn with only positive data, as long as we have a confidence score for our positive data, constructed from information such as buying intention or the active rate of ap

37、p users "可推知，畫線詞組所在句表示使用這種建立信心指數(shù)的 新方法，我們就可以讓電腦只用積極的數(shù)據(jù)來學(xué)習(xí)，故畫線詞組是指建立信心指數(shù)。8. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. The History of Classification TechnologyB. Smarter AI: Machine Learning Without Negative DataC. Bigger Data: Computers Assisting Language ProcessingD. The Comparison between Po

38、sitive Data and Negative DataB 標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文可知，分類對我們的日常生活至關(guān)重要。然而在分類技術(shù)機 器學(xué)習(xí)過程中，分類既需要積極的數(shù)據(jù)，也需要消極的數(shù)據(jù)，而消極的數(shù)據(jù)在很多情況下是 很難獲得的?，F(xiàn)在科學(xué)家能用分類技術(shù)使機器學(xué)習(xí)只識別積極的數(shù)據(jù)。n.完形填空（2019 福建省質(zhì)量檢查測試）Every year, the fifth graders at Brookstone Elementary School went on a field trip to Washington, D. C. Terence 1 the exciting trip, and w

39、as 2 to go the next year.Terence asked his parents 3 if they would pay for half of the trip if he earnedthe other half of the money himself. His parents 4 . He had almost a year to earn $150. His first 5 was to earn money by babysitting, and he typed a nice letter6 that“he would babysit during hi s

40、neighbors' 7” . He named a few afternoonsavailable and said he would 8 $1 per hour per child.After five babysitting 9,he earned $45.When the 10 weather arrived, Terence knocked on his neighbors' doors to ask if they needed help with 11 work. He helped with mowing(修剪)and weeding gardens. Afte

41、r the summer was over, he earned $75. Whenthe fall arrived, he counted his money and 12 that he still needed $30 for his trip. Soon his mom saw a(n) 13 fora job for him. He got a job 14 newspapers every Wednesday afternoon, making 5 cents for every paper, $10 15 each Wednesday. It wasn't long be

42、fore he had 16 money to go on the trip to Washington, D . C. He was 17 in time. The class trip was on October 15. His mom and dad gave him a check for the $150 they 18 him. What a great feeling! He helped 19 the cost of his trip.This experience 20 Terence in many ways, making his dream a reality wit

43、h great efforts.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。小學(xué)生 Terence非常渴望去華盛頓進(jìn)行實地調(diào)查旅行，他希望自己掙一半旅費，另一半由父母資助。父母答應(yīng)后，他通過幫鄰居照看小孩、修 剪花園和給花園除雜草等工作攢夠了錢。1. A.prepared forB. laid outC. referred toD. heard aboutD 根據(jù)空前一句可知，每年 Terence所在學(xué)校的五年級學(xué)生都要去華盛頓進(jìn)行實地調(diào)查旅行；結(jié)合該句中的"to go the next year ”可知， Terence應(yīng)該是聽說了這個激動人心 的旅行，就渴望來年也去。D項意為“聽說”，故D項正

44、確。A項意為“為做準(zhǔn)備”，BB. grateful項意為“展開，鋪開”，C項意為“涉及”，都與語境不符。2. A.dyingC. luckyD. proudA 參見上題解析。be dying to do sth.為固定搭配，意為“渴望做某事”，故 A項正確。D. briefly3. A.curiouslyB. casuallyC. anxiouslyC 根據(jù)上文可知，Terence渴望去華盛頓進(jìn)行實地調(diào)查旅行；又結(jié)合語境可知，此處表示Terence急切地問他的父母是否愿意支付他參加旅行的一半費用。C項意為“急切地，渴望地”，故C項正確。4. A.submittedB. agreedC. bar

45、gainedD. refusedB 根據(jù)下文可知，他有近一年的時間去掙 150美元；又根據(jù)下文中的"His momand dad gave him a check for the $150 they him”可知，他的父母同意 (agreed)為他支 付一半的旅行費用。5. A.ideaB. jobC. conclusionD. suggestionA 根據(jù)該句中的 "to earn money by babysitting ""typed a nice letter ”并結(jié)合語境可知，他白第一個主意(idea)就是通過代人臨時照看孩子來掙錢，并打了一封信，信上說(saying)在鄰居不在時他可以幫他們照看孩子。6. A.declaringB. confirmingC. showingD. sayingD參見上題解析。7. A.stayB.companyC.interactionD.absenceD 參見第5題解析。absence "缺席，不在”符合語境，故D項正確。8. A