2014屆中考英語語法專項突破專題訓練：翻譯語篇（含解析）

1、題型專題探究專題二十一 翻譯語篇1“翻譯”是用一種語言把另一種語言所表達的思想內(nèi)容、感情、風格等忠實地重新表現(xiàn)出來。要求考生掌握各種句式、短語及習慣表達法的運用，正確運用兩種語態(tài)和八種時態(tài)。2中考對翻譯句子的考查重點是：（1）常見句型的結構及固定搭配；（2）常見短語的用法及習慣表達方式；（3）重要語法規(guī)則及其運用；（4）英、漢兩種語言在表達方面的異同。3考查的方式主要有：英漢句子互譯。翻譯句子通常有兩種題型：把文中畫線部分的句子譯成英語或譯成漢語。這是對考生綜合知識能力的考查，考生必須具備豐富的詞匯和語法知識，同時還要結合句子所在文章的特定語境及背景，靈活翻譯。解答英漢句子互譯題，要注意一詞多

2、義和一句多譯，比較、區(qū)別兩種語言的不同表達，選擇合適的句型、句式。要掌握英語句子的語序，防止逐詞翻譯而構成漢語式英語。要用自己最熟悉的、最有把握的詞匯和句型，要注意選擇正確的時態(tài)、語態(tài)，注意主謂一致，注意詞的正確形式等。如果是語篇翻譯，還要注意上下文的聯(lián)系。【例】 （2012湖南岳陽中考）Students learn their lessons in class.Teachers teach them.71.Students sit in the classroom listening to the teacher.This is the common way of learning.Is t

3、his the only way for students to learn？Of course not.72.有一些其他的學習方式。Besides listening to teachers，students can learn something by themselves.As you know，many students in schools have found new ways of learning things by themselves in class.The first thing is to read something they are interested in o

4、r they have to read.The second is that before they ask others，they must ask themselves questions that they don't understand.The third is,73.to_answer_the_questions_themselves_by_thinking_hard，by reading the text or other books.If they still have questions，they may show them to the class.Any stud

5、ent or the teacher who can deal with the questions may answer them in class.74.學生們可以互相學習。They are learning by working together.75.They_have_found_great_success_in_their_study. If you keep doing in this way for a long time，you're sure to succeed in your study，too.71_72_73_74_75_參考答案：71學生們坐在教室里聽老師

6、講課。72There are（some）other ways of learning.73通過自己努力思考來回答問題。74Students can learn from each other.75他們在學習中（已經(jīng)）取得了很大的成功。AWhen I was 13 years old，a boy gave me an important gift.1.那是一絲微笑。It was the early autumn of my first year at a junior high school，and my old school was far away.As a result，no one kn

7、ew who I was.I was very lonely，and afraid to make friends with anyone.Every time I heard the other students talking and laughing，I felt my problem，and I didn't want my parents to worry about me.Then one day，my classmates talked happily with their friends，but I sat at my desk unhappily as usual.2

8、.那時，一個男孩走進教室。I didn't know who he was.He passed me and then turned back.He looked at me and，without a word，smiled.Suddenly，I felt the touch of something bright and friendly.3.It_made_me_feel_happy，lively_and_warm.4That_smile_changed_my_life.I started to talk with the other students and made frie

9、nds.5.Day_by_day，I_became_closer_to_everyone_in_my_class.The boy with the lucky smile has become my best friend now.One day，I asked him why he smiled，but he couldn't remember smiling at me!It doesn't matter because all the dark days have gone.Now I believe that the world is what you think it

10、 is.If you think you are lonely，you might always be alone.So，smile at the world and it will smile back.1_2._3._4._5._B（2012湖南常德中考）Being a youth（青年）is one thing，and being a good one is another.A good youth should have these qualities（品質）：6.首先，健康是最重要的。 Without it，nothing can be done well.If you are po

11、or in health，you can't work，do sports and so on.7.Secondly，one_must_have_a_kind_heart. Always do something good for others.Help those in trouble and care about the people around you.If everyone does the same，we will have a wonderful world.8.Thirdly，one_must_have_the_ability_to_work_with_others.

12、Cooperation （合作）and communication （交際）are two important keys to better human relations （關系）.9.Everyone_needs_friends_because_no_one_can_live_alone.10.此外，人人都要熱愛祖國。A good youth will do the things his country asks him to do.I think a good youth of today should also have some training in art.If they can

13、 enjoy arts，they can also enjoy life.6_7_8_9_10_CSalt is very important to us.11.Without_enough_salt_we_will_get_ill.Animals need salt，too.They need salt to grow strong.Most of salt comes from the sea.12.People_dig_very_big_pools_and_let_sea_water_in.When the sun dries up the water，people can get th

14、e salt from the ground.There are a lot of salt wells（井）in our country.People bring the well water up to the ground and then dry it up in big jars（罐子）over fire.13.用這種方式，人們得到食鹽。We can also get salt from salt mines（礦）The salt mines are under the ground.14.A_few_years_ago，people_found_a_big_salt_mine_in

15、_China.In the northwest of China，there are a great number of salt lakes.15.其中有些湖很大。The salt in these lakes will be enough for all the people in our country for as long as hundreds of years.11_12_13_14_15_DWhen you want to go shopping，you should decide how much money you can spend for new clothes.Thi

16、nk about the kind of clothes you really need.Then look for those clothes on sale.There are labels（標簽）inside all new clothes.16.標簽告訴你怎樣保管你的衣服。The label for a shirt may tell you to wash it in warm water.A sweater label may tell you to wash it in cold water.Washing may ruin（損壞）your coat.If you do as th

17、e directions say on the label，you can keep your clothes looking their best.17Many clothes today must be dry­cleaned.Dry­cleaning is expensive.When buying new clothes，check to see if they will need to be dry­cleaned.18.如果你買能用水洗的衣服你將會省錢。Well­made clothes last longer.19.They_look_ni

18、ce_even_after_they_have_been_washed_many_times.Clothes that cost more money are not always better made.20.Sometimes_less_expensive_clothes_look_and_fit_better_than_more_expensive_ones.16_17_18_19_20_EA Program Helps African Children Get Farming SkillsA program supported by the United Nations Food an

19、d Agriculture Organization（FAO：聯(lián)合國糧農(nóng)組織）is helping more and more African children get farming skills important for their life，the UN said.The program was carried out（執(zhí)行）in 2004 in four schools of Bondo District in Nyanza Province in Kenya.21There_many_children_lost_their_parents_because_of_AIDS_so_th

20、ey_couldn't_get_farming_skills_from_their_parents.At first，the program wanted to reduce hunger among young people in the country.And then 22.the FAO thought teaching those children without parents farming skills was also very important.So the program began to do so.The program，named Junior Farme

21、r Field and Life School，uses a “Living classroom” method.23.他們用這種方法鼓勵孩子們練習農(nóng)業(yè)技能，such as planting in school­yards and exchanging ideas with classmates.The UN report says the method（方法）of the program has not only been passed to over 20 other schools in the district，but another 11 African countries

22、.24.Over_17,000_children_have_got_farming_skills_under_the_program.“We think the program is good.It can help those children without parents to learn farming skills.25.我們高興的是很多孩子在我們的項目的幫助下獲得了農(nóng)業(yè)技能。We will work harder to pass the program to more and more countries to help more children.”a UN official（官員）said.21_22_23_24_25_參考答案 專題二十一翻譯語篇專題提升演練A1It/This/That was a smile.2At that time（moment），a boy entered（came/went int