中考賓語從句詳細講解與練習精華簡單易懂

1、賓語從句在復合句中用作賓語的從句叫做賓語從句。賓語從句在復合句中作主句謂語動詞、介詞或某些形容詞的賓語。在及物動詞的后面可以接一個名詞來充當賓語，如：Iknowtheman.而這時也可以用一個句子來充當賓語，如：Iknowthatthemanisapoliceman.主句引導詞從句IamafraidthatyoudonunderstandwhatIsaid.做形容詞的賓語）恐怕你沒理解我的意思。Hewasdeeplydispleasedbywhathadoccurredthatday（做介詞的賓語）那天所發(fā)生的事情另他非常不高興。I.賓語從句的引導詞1.陳述句充當賓語從句時，用that引導，t

2、hat無詞義，在口語或非正式文體中常省略。如:Myteachersaid(that)Iwasagoodboyfe師說我是個好男孩Iamsure(that)hewillsucceed1 .Thisisabook.2 .Youlikesinging.3 .Heworkedlastnight.4 .Theywillgohome.5 .JimhasbeentoBeijing.6 .Shesingswell.Shedoesntknow(that)sheisseriodsi用以下開頭與下列句子連成賓語從句：1. Iknow2. Shesays(that)3. Tellyourfriend2.當由一般疑問句

3、充當賓語從句時，用if或whether引導，意為是否。如:C(1)IsJimagoodstudent?Idontknowih，+kf/hthr-HH.Idontknowif/whetherJimisagoodstudent.(2)DoesKategetupearly?Doyouknow?Doyouknowif/whetherKategetsupearly?用以下開頭與下列句子連成賓語從句：1.Doyouknow2.Iwanttoknowif/whether3.Theteacherasks1.Ishereading?2 .Doyougetupatsix?3 .DoesTomworkhard?4

4、.DidyouwatchTV?5 .W川theyreadbooks?6 .Canyousing?注意：只能用whether不用if的三種情況?一般情況下，if和whether可以互換，但以下3種情況只能用whether：?與ornot連用：HeaskedmewhetherornotIwascoming.Letmeknowwhetheryoucancomeornot.Itdependsonwhetheritisgoingtorain.IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeelings?在介詞之后:在不定式之前:Wehaventdecidedwhethtorgothere.Ido

5、ntknowwhethertoacceptorrefuse.1. Whatisthis?2. Whatareyoudoing?3. Wheredoyoulive?4. Whendoeshegetup?5. Howdidyougotowork?6. Whowillyouplaywith?+主語+謂語+其他3.如果賓語從句原來是特殊疑問句，只需用原來的疑問詞引導。如:Cl.Whatisshedoing?Canyoutellme?Canyoutellmewhatsheisdoing?C2.Wheredoesshelive?Doyouknow?Doyouknowwhereshelives?用以下開頭與

6、下列句子連成賓語從句：1.Doyouknow2.Iwanttoknow3.CanyoutellmeH.賓語從句的語序賓語從句的語序必須是陳述語序，即：連接詞句式連詞語序例句陳述句That/、艾Ithinkthatwecanbegoodfriends.一般疑問句if/whether改為陳述語序IcantrememberifIpostedthelette特殊疑問句特殊疑問詞改為陳述語序HeaskedwhowasourEnglishteacher.注意事項：（一）當從句的原句為以下句子以及what,who作主語時，語序不變：Whatswrong?Whatsthematter?Whatshappeni

7、ng?eg:Idontknowwhatsthematter.Canyoutellmewhoisoverthere?田.賓語從句與主句的時態(tài)要相互呼應（主現(xiàn)從任意，主過從過去）1 .如果主句的時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時，賓語從句的時態(tài)根據(jù)具體情況來確定，可以是任何時態(tài)Idontthink（that）youareright.Pleasetelluswherewellgofishingtomorrow.DoyouknowwhenMr.Smithmovedhere?過去進行2 .如果主句的時態(tài)是一般過去時，賓語從句只能用相應的過去的時態(tài)（一般過去時，時，過去將來時，過去完成時）。例如：Hetoldmethath

8、ewasborninBeijingin1992.HesaidthathewouldgobacktotheU.S.soon.特殊情況：1 .從句說明的是一般真理、客觀事實、自然現(xiàn)象、名言時，仍用現(xiàn)在時。Dadtoldusthatitisbettertodothantosay.Hetoldtheboythatthreeandthreeissix.Couldyoutellmewherethebookshopis.2 .從句中有具體時間狀語，即使從句動作發(fā)生在主句動作前，仍然用一般過去時。Theteachertoldmeshewasbornin1960.即學即練把句子連接成為含有賓語從句的復合句。1)

9、 TheseflowersarefromGuangdong.Hesaid.HesaidtheseflowersfromGuangdong.2) Lighttravelsfasterthansound.Myteachertoldme.Myteachertoldmelightfasterthansound.3) Therewillbeameetinginfivedays.Jackdidntknow.Jackdidntkno_wthereameetinginfivedays.4) CantheyspeakFrench?Iwanttoknow.IwanttoknowFrench.5) Arethech

10、ildrenplayinggames?Tellme.Tellmethechildrengames.6) Haveyoufinishedyourhomeworkyet?Mr.ZhaoaskedMaChaoMr.ZhaoaskedMaChaohomeworkyet.7) Howmanypeoplecanyouseeinthepicture?Whoknows?Whoknowsinthepicture?8) Wheredidsheparkhercar?Doyouknow?Doyouknowhercar?9) Whatdoesheoftentalkabout?Thegirlwondered.Thegir

11、lwonderedoftenabout.10) Whoknockedatthedoorsoloudly?Idontknow.Idontknowatthedoorsoloudly.11) Doeshestillliveinthatstreet?Idontknow.Idontknowhestillinthatstreet.12) Whatshisname?Iaskedhim.Iaskedhimwhat.13) Whendoesthetrainarrive?Pleasetellme.Pleasetellme.14) Dotheywantfriedchicken?Heaskedtheboys.Heas

12、kedtheboystheyfriedchicken.15)WasthewatchmadeinShanghai?Idontknow.IdontknowthewatchmadeinShanghai.單項選擇1)Ihopeitwillsnowthiswinter.A.whenB.ifC.whetherD./答案：Dhope后面應該接that引導的賓語從旬，that在句中沒有任何意義，可以省略2)IdontknowMr.Greenwillcometoseeus.HewillhelpuswithourEnglish.A.whyB.whenC.howD.where答案：A從下文的答語看，上文不知道的應該

13、是“來看我們的原因”。3)IcantrememberIhaveseenhimbefore.A.whetherB.whyC.whatD.how答案：A本句表達一種不確定的概念，用whether或if。4)Doyouknow？Imgoingtoseehim.Sorry，Idontknow.A.wheredoesMr.LiliveB.wheredidMr.LiliveC.whereMr.LilivesD.whereMr.Lilived答案：C賓語從句要用陳述語氣，排除A、B兩項。從句意判斷問的是“現(xiàn)在住哪兒？5)Wheredoyouthinkhethecompute？rSorry，Ihavenoid

14、ea.A.；boughtB.has；boughtC.did；buyD.does；buy答案：Adoyouthink是插入語，可以把它去掉，分析句意應該用應用過去時態(tài)和陳述語序。6)Icantunderstandhelikescomputergamessomuch.A.thatB.whetherC.whyD.where答案：C句意為“我不理解為什么他那么喜歡電腦游戲”。7)(2010北京中考大綱卷)DoyouknowtheMP3playerlastweek?Sorry，Ihavenoidea.A.howmuchdidshepayforB.howmuchwillshepayforC.howmuch

15、shepaidforD.howmuchshewillpayfor答案：C賓語從何要用陳述語序，由此排除A、B兩項，由lastweek判斷應該用過去時態(tài)8)(2010北京中考大綱卷)Idontknowtomorrow.Canyoutellme?A.whenwestartedB.whendidwestartC.whenwewillstartD.whenwillwestart答案：C由tomorrow判斷，應該用將來時態(tài)表示。經(jīng)典例題例1Inthebookshop,areaderaskedtheshopkeeperWhoMovedMyCheesewasaninterestingbook.A.that

16、B.howC.whatD.if思路解析：注意本句中斜體部分是一本書的名字誰動了我的奶酪，本句含義是個讀者問書店管理員這本書是不是有趣。所以答案是D項。答案：D黑色陷阱：本題的主要陷阱是書名WhoMovedMyCheese它本身含有一個who,容易給人造成誤解。綠色通道：在英語中，注意書名一般都是斜體的，且書名的首字母是大寫的，注意把它看成一個獨立的完整的東西。例2IwastoldBillGateswasthirteenhebegantoplaywithcomputers.A.thathowB.howthatC.whenthatD.thatwhen思路解析：注意后面從何的含義是比爾蓋茨十三歲的時

17、候開始玩電腦”，應該用when表示當時”，本句中的that是賓語從句的引導詞。所以選D項。答案：D黑色陷阱：本句結(jié)構(gòu)復雜，主要陷阱設(shè)置在when上，它在本句中起到引導后面的時間狀語的作用。綠色通道：做此類題，要慢慢理順思路，不要鉆牛角尖，當一種含義說不通時，從另一個角度或另一個含義考慮。例3（2010江蘇蘇州中考）一Iwonder.Zebras.A.whatdotheycalltheseanimalsB.howtheycalltheseanimalsC.whattheycalltheseanimalsD.howdotheycalltheseanimals思路解析：本句含義是我想知道他們叫這些動物什么，排除B、D兩項。另外賓語從句要用陳述語序。所以選C項。答案：C黑色陷阱：本句容易譯成他們怎樣稱呼這些動物”而錯選how,注意本句中隱含句型callsb.sth.含義是稱呼某人綠色通道：解答本類題首先分析句意，確定引導詞，然后看好語序和時態(tài)。例4（2010北京中考）Imdifferentfrommytwinsister.Ilovedancingsheisinterestedinreading.A.soB.orC.butD.and思路解析：本句是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，選擇C項。答案：C黑色陷阱：本句陷阱在于選項前后都是肯