主謂一致課件

1、GrammarBob Bob _ a worker.isMike Mike and Bob _ workers.areBoth Mike and Bob _ workers.areNeither Mike nor Bob _ a teacher.isBill Neither of them _ (know) how to teach English. knows/knowAll of them _ workers.None of them _ (know) how to teach English.are knows/knowSubject-Verb Agreement ( (主謂一致主謂一致

2、)語法一致語法一致就近原則就近原則意義一致意義一致就遠(yuǎn)原則就遠(yuǎn)原則“主語主語+ 附屬結(jié)構(gòu)附屬結(jié)構(gòu)” 作主語，謂語與作主語，謂語與主語主語一一致致即主語是單數(shù)形式，謂語動詞用單即主語是單數(shù)形式，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式，主語是復(fù)數(shù)形式，謂語也數(shù)形式，主語是復(fù)數(shù)形式，謂語也用復(fù)數(shù)形式。用復(fù)數(shù)形式。即主語形式上為單數(shù)，但意義為復(fù)數(shù)，即主語形式上為單數(shù)，但意義為復(fù)數(shù)，因此謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；或主語形式因此謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；或主語形式上為復(fù)數(shù)，但表示單數(shù)意義，這時謂語上為復(fù)數(shù)，但表示單數(shù)意義，這時謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。動詞用單數(shù)形式。即謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式還是用復(fù)數(shù)形式，即謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式還是用復(fù)數(shù)形式，取決

3、于最靠近他的主語。取決于最靠近他的主語。語法一致語法一致即主語是單數(shù)形式，謂語動詞用單數(shù)即主語是單數(shù)形式，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式，主語是復(fù)數(shù)形式，謂語也用復(fù)形式，主語是復(fù)數(shù)形式，謂語也用復(fù)數(shù)形式。數(shù)形式。1.學(xué)生們在教室里。學(xué)生們在教室里。The students are in the classroom.2.布萊克先生是一個作家。布萊克先生是一個作家。Mr. Black is a writer.語法一致：語法一致：1.當(dāng)主語由當(dāng)主語由and連結(jié)時，如果連結(jié)時，如果表示表示同一人同一人或或同一物同一物時，時，謂語動詞用謂語動詞用單數(shù)單數(shù)，此時，此時and后面的名詞無冠詞。后面的名詞無冠詞。 如如

4、表示表示不同不同的人或物時的人或物時, 謂語動詞用謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)，復(fù)數(shù)，此時此時and后后面的名詞有冠詞。面的名詞有冠詞。The worker and writer _(be) from Wuhan.那個工人兼作家那個工人兼作家 The worker and the writer _(be) from Beijing. 那位工人和那位作家那位工人和那位作家 is isareareA knife and fork_ used to have meals.isThe singer and dancer _ on the stage.isGoing out for a walk after supp

5、er is a good habit.晚飯后出去散步是一個好習(xí)慣。晚飯后出去散步是一個好習(xí)慣。To see is to believe.眼見為實。眼見為實。Whether well go depends on the weather. 我們是否去要取決于天氣的好壞。我們是否去要取決于天氣的好壞。2.動詞不定式動詞不定式(短語短語), 動名詞動名詞(短語短語), 或從句作主語時或從句作主語時, 謂語謂語動詞常用動詞常用單數(shù)單數(shù)。例如：。例如： Something _ (has / have) gone wrong with my watch. Anybody who _ ( break / br

6、eaks) the rule will be punished. 3.不定代詞不定代詞somebody, someone, something, anybody, anything, everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothing等作主語，等作主語，謂語動詞用謂語動詞用單數(shù)單數(shù)形式形式;hasbreaks5 5、由分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)、由分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)+ +名詞作主語時，謂語動詞的名詞作主語時，謂語動詞的 形式與形式與of of 后面的名詞的數(shù)一致后面的名詞的數(shù)一致 即分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)即分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)+of+of+不可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞或或單數(shù)單

7、數(shù)名詞，名詞， 謂語動詞用謂語動詞用單數(shù)單數(shù) 分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)+of+of+復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞用名詞，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù) Ten percent of the pupils _ absent today. Three-fourths of the surface of the earth _ sea.areareis is意義一致意義一致即主語形式上為單數(shù)，但意義為復(fù)數(shù)，即主語形式上為單數(shù)，但意義為復(fù)數(shù)，因此謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；或主語形式因此謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；或主語形式上為復(fù)數(shù)，但表示單數(shù)意義，這時謂語上為復(fù)數(shù)，但表示單數(shù)意義，這時謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。動詞用單數(shù)形式。 1.由集體

8、名詞由集體名詞,如如group, family, class, government, team, public, enemy, crowd, audience, club, party, crew等作主語時等作主語時, ,如果看成一個整體，謂語動詞用如果看成一個整體，謂語動詞用單數(shù)單數(shù)形式形式, ,如果看成其中各成員，則用如果看成其中各成員，則用復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)形式形式. . His family isis very large.他家是一個大家庭。他家是一個大家庭。 His family areare music lovers.他的家人都是音樂愛他的家人都是音樂愛好者。好者。意義一致：意義一致：Th

9、e group _ made up of nine students.The group_ dancing happily.is isareareThe team _ some good players. (have)The team _ handsome. (be)hasare1.The research group (is, are) made up of five people. 2.What (do, does) the group want for their lunch?3.Our family (is, are) not poor any more.4.He has to wor

10、ry. His family (is, are) waiting for him.5.The class (is, are) more than forty in number.isdoisareisExercises2.代詞作主語代詞作主語1）.neither of.作主語作主語謂語動詞可用單數(shù)也可用復(fù)數(shù)謂語動詞可用單數(shù)也可用復(fù)數(shù)Neither of us has/have received gifts.Neither of the topics was/were discussed.Neither dog is mine.2）.all 作主語作主語 指人時用復(fù)數(shù)，指物時用單數(shù)指人時用復(fù)數(shù)，

11、指物時用單數(shù)All are present at the meeting but Tom.All is going on very well.3）each & every EachEvery student has a dictionary.Each of the students has a dictionary.They each have a dictionary.Every/each boy and every/each girl has a dictionary. 3.表示時間、距離、金錢等復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語，表達(dá)表示時間、距離、金錢等復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語，表達(dá)一一個整體概念個整體概念

12、時時, 謂語動詞則用單數(shù)形式謂語動詞則用單數(shù)形式;Two years _ passed since he left Xian;One million dollars _ a great sum of money.5.Every means _ been tried since then. No news _ good news. Maths / physics _ the subject that I like most. 4. many a 修飾單數(shù)名詞，謂語用單數(shù)。修飾單數(shù)名詞，謂語用單數(shù)。 more than one 修飾單數(shù)名詞，謂語用單數(shù)。修飾單數(shù)名詞，謂語用單數(shù)。hasisisis

13、has Tom is one of the students who_ good at playing football. Tom is the only one of the students who_ good at playing football.areis6.one of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞+關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞的結(jié)構(gòu)中，定語從句的結(jié)構(gòu)中，定語從句中謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；中謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式； 但是若前有但是若前有the only, 將其限定為只有一個時將其限定為只有一個時,謂語謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式動詞用單數(shù)形式.5.thetheadj.adj.作主語作主語 theadj.,表示表示一類人一類

14、人，謂語動詞用，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)，如，如the old, the young, the rich, the poor等等 the+ adj.,表示表示某個人某個人或或一類抽象的事物一類抽象的事物，謂語動詞用，謂語動詞用單數(shù)單數(shù)，如，如the beautiful, the good等等 The old _ taken good care of in our society. The rich _ for the decision but the poor are against it. The beautiful _not always the same as the good.arearea

15、reareis is就近原則就近原則即謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式還是用復(fù)數(shù)形式，即謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式還是用復(fù)數(shù)形式，取決于最靠近他的主語。取決于最靠近他的主語。 A or B Not A but B Either A or B Neither A nor B Not only A but also B Verb就近原則：就近原則：1. 我們教室里有一臺電視機和我們教室里有一臺電視機和56張桌子張桌子.There are 56 desks and one television in our classroom.There is one television and 56 desks in our cla

16、ssroom.存在句: There be . 結(jié)構(gòu) Here There+Verb A and B A , B and CNot only you but also he _ wrong. (is/are)Neither you nor he _ right. (is/are)There _ two shops and a cinema beside the railway station. (is/are)Here _ a map and a handbook for you. (is/are)isisareis_就遠(yuǎn)原則就遠(yuǎn)原則“主語主語+ 附屬結(jié)構(gòu)附屬結(jié)構(gòu)” 作主語，謂語與作主語，謂語與

17、主語主語一致一致當(dāng)主語后面跟有當(dāng)主語后面跟有as well as, along with,with , rather than, together with , but , except, besides, ,including等引導(dǎo)的等引導(dǎo)的詞組時，其謂語動詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)由離它最遠(yuǎn)的主語來決詞組時，其謂語動詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)由離它最遠(yuǎn)的主語來決定。定。1. The teacher with two students _ at the meeting . (was / were)2.E-mail, as well as the telephones, _ an important part in da

18、ily communication.A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. play wasA就遠(yuǎn)原則就遠(yuǎn)原則 A A 謂語動詞與第一個主語謂語動詞與第一個主語A A保持一致保持一致 All but one _(be) here just now. A library with five thousand books _(be) offered to the nation as a gift. A peasant together with some soldiers _(be) about to help us.withwithalong

19、 withalong withtogether withtogether withbesidesbesidesbutbutexceptexceptincludingincludingas well asas well asrather thanrather thanBwerewereis isis is1Nobody but Betty and Mary _ late for class yesterday Awas Bwere Chas been Dhave been2A woman with some children _ soon Ais coming Bare coming Chas

20、come Dhave come3. Everything, including the clothes, _ stolen that evening. A. is B. was C. are D. were7No one except my parents _ anything about this。 Aknow Bknows Cis known Dare known8The teacher as well as the students _ the book already Ahas read Bhave read Care reading Dis reading9All but one _

21、 in the accident Awas killed Bwere killed Cwill be killed Dare killed 1One or two days _ enough to see the city Ais Bare Cam Dbe2Neither my wife nor I myself _ able to persuade my daughter to change her mind Ais Bare Cam DbeExercises:3Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one examinati

22、on after another Ais Bare Cam Dbe4Not the teacher，but the students _ looking forward to seeing the film Ais Bare Cam Dbe5Nobody but Betty and Mary _ late for class yesterday Awas Bwere Chas been Dhave been6A woman with some children _ soon Ais coming Bare coming Chas come Dhave come7No one except my

23、 parents _ anything about this。 Aknow Bknows Cis known Dare known8The teacher as well as the students _ the book already Ahas read Bhave read Care reading Dis reading9All but one _ in the accident Awas killed Bwere killed Cwill be killed Dare killed 10. Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one examination after another. A. is B. are C. am D. be 11. A library with five thousand books _to the nation as a gift. A. is offered B. has offered C. are offered D. have offered12. When and where to build the new factory