狀語從句用法講解和練習匯編

1、第章狀語從句學習指導狀語從句在句子中作狀語,用來修飾主句或主句的謂語.一般可分為九大類,分別表示時間、地點、原因、目的、結果、條件、讓步、比擬和方式.盡管種類較多,但由于狀語從句與漢語結構和用法相似,所以理解和掌握它并不難.狀語從句的關鍵是要掌握引導不同狀語從句的常用連接詞.現(xiàn)分別列舉如下：狀語從句分九類：從句種類主要附屬連詞1時間狀語從句when,while,as,before,after,until,till,whenever2條件狀語從句if,uniess3目的狀語從句inorderthat,sothat4結果狀語從句sothat,suchthat,sothat,so5原因狀語從句bec

2、ause,as,since6讓步狀語從句although,though,eventhough(if),while7方式狀語從句asif,asthough8地點狀語從句where,wherever9比擬狀語從句than,as在這一章節(jié)的學習中,要求同學們掌握各類狀語從句根本概念,并能夠靈活應用第一節(jié)時間狀語從句1 .時間狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來.連接時間狀語從句的連接詞有：when當.的時候,while當.的時候,as當.的時候,once一旦,tilluntil一直到.,直到才,bythetime到.時,assoonas一.就themoment就.since自從.before在.前.afte

3、r在.后2 .when,while,as均可表示當.的時候when強調特定時間表示主句謂語動詞的動作與從句謂語動詞的動作是同時發(fā)生的,或從句的動作發(fā)生在主句的動作之前；while表示的時間是一段,而不是一點,as多用在口語中,強調同一時間或一前一后有時還有隨著的含義.I'llgoonwiththeworkwhen/comebacktomorrow,我明天回來后會繼續(xù)做我的工作.Whenspringcame,hefeltlikeatrip.春天來了,他想去旅游.Asspringwarmsthegoodearth,allflowersbegintobloom.as有隨著的含義as,when

4、,while都表示主、從句的動作或狀態(tài)同時發(fā)生,但三者也有區(qū)別.as和when引導的從句既可表示一點時間,也可表示一段時間,從句中的謂語動詞既可以是持續(xù)性動詞,也可以為短暫性動詞,經(jīng)?？梢曰Q使用；while引導的從句通常表示一段時間,從句中宜用持續(xù)性動詞作謂語.當從句中的謂語動詞為持續(xù)性動詞時,這三者可以通用前面例句中已有表達,再如：MotherwasworriedbecauselittleAlicewasill,especiallyas/when/whilefatherwasawayinFrance.媽媽擔憂,由于小艾麗思病了,特別是當父親遠在法國的時候.如果從句和主句要表示一個人的兩個動

5、作交替進行或同時完成時,那么多用as,可譯為“一邊一邊.例如：lightsturnedgreen.A.not;whenB.don't;beforeC.notto;untilD.notto;since6) Thebookwassointerestingthathehadreaditforthreehoursherealized此A.whenB.afterC.untilD.before7) wehadseenalltheanimals,wewenthome.A.ThenB.AfterC.ThoughD.While8) Shehasmademanyfriendshecametoourscho

6、ol.A.beforeB.afterC.sinceD.until9) Howlonghastheweatherbeenlikethis?A.UntillastnightB.EversincelastnightC.TwodaysagoD.Twodayslater10) MyunclewenttoAustralialastyear.Wehaven'tseenhim.A.sincealmostayearB.fromalmostayearonC.afteralmostayearD.sincealmostayearago11) Hewassotiredthathefellasleephewent

7、tobed.A.asifB.eventhoughC.eversinceD.assoonas12) Iknewnothingabouttheaccidentmyfriendtoldmeyesterday.A.becauseB.sinceC.untilD.after13) Ididn'tmanagetodoityouhadexplainedhow.A.untilB.sinceC.whileD.afterKeys1)C2)A3)B4)B5)A6)D7)B8)C9)B10)D11)D12)C13)A第二節(jié)條件狀語從句1 .條件狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來.引導條件狀語從句的連詞有:if女口果；

8、uniess除3P,如果不；onconditionthat條件是；aslongas只要2 .表示正面的條件用if“果Ifyoudonftlookafteryoungtrees,theywilldieveryquickly.Ifthemuseumchargesforentry,alotofpeoplewon'tbeabletovisitit.3 .表示否認的條件用unless(not)“非,如果不“IshallnotgotothecinemauniessIfinishmyhomeworkbeforeeight.說明:ifnot?？梢杂胾nless替代.Ifyoudontstudyhard

9、,youwillfailintheexam.Youwillfailintheexamuniessyoustudyhard.4 .表示使某事成為現(xiàn)實必要的條件用onconditionthat條件是"aslongas只要Youmaygoswimmingonconditionthatyoudon'tswimtoofarawayfromtheriverbank.Aslongasyoudon'tstudyhard,youwillfailintheexam.5 祈使結構表條件.前半局部的祈使結構相當于if條件句,可用動詞或名詞開頭；后半局部的簡單句常用一般將來時,有時也用一般現(xiàn)在

10、時.此句型與條件狀語從句形成同義結構.1） 祈使句,+and/then+簡單句二,if從句否認式+主句Givemesomewheretostand,andIwillmovetheearth.如果給我一個支點'我便能掀動地球.=lfyougivemesomewheretostand,Iw川movetheearth.Onemoreword,andI'llturnyouout.你再多說一句,我就把你趕出去.=lfyouspeakonemoreword,Iwillturnyouout.Useyourhead,thenyou'llfindaway.動動腦子你就能找到方法.=lfy

11、ouuseyourhead,you'llfindaway.2） 祈使句(,)+or+簡單句=>if從句(否認式)+主語Workevenharder,oryouw川neverpasstheexam.如果不加倍努力、你就永遠無法通過考試.=lfyoudon'tworkharder,youwillneverpasstheexam.Stoptellinglies,oryouwillbepunished.如果你繼續(xù)說謊,就會受到懲罰.=lfyoudon'tstoptellinglies,youwillbepunished.選擇最正確答案填空1) Wouldyouliketo

12、gototheparkwithme,Susan?I'dliketo,youdon'twanttogoalone.C.ifitissunny.C.ifD.afterD.asD.orD.butD.uniess|A.untilB.before2) TomorrowwellgotothecityparkA.assoonasB.when3) Allofuswillbehappyyoucancomewithus.A.whileB.ifC.but4) NobodycanlearnEnglishwellyouworkhardonit.A.ifB.uniessC.when5) Thesports

13、meetwillcontinueitrainsthisafternoon.A.ifB.sinceC.assoonasKeys1)C2)C3)B4)B5)D第三節(jié)原因狀語從句和地點狀語從句1.原因狀語從句引導原因狀語從句的連詞有：because,for,since,as,nowthat1) because意為因為表示直接的原因或理由,著重點在從句,用于答復why,語氣最強.Heisabsenttodaybecauseheisill他今天缺席,由于他病了°Ididn'tgooutbecauseIwasbusywithhomework.我沒有出去,由于我忙于家庭作業(yè).有時'

14、可用becauseof后接名詞或代詞表示原因,此時becauseof=for介詞.Wewon'tbeabletocomebecauseoftheweather.由于天氣的原因,我們來不了.Shewaslookingallthebetterforherstayinhospital.她由于待在醫(yī)院,顯得好多了.2) for意為由于引導的從句并不說明主句行為發(fā)生的直接原因,只提供補充說明,且不可位于主句前.for前往往用逗號或分號與主句分開,引起的從句對主句加以解釋.Ididn'tgotoseehim,foraheavysnowwasfalling.我沒有去看他,由于在下大雪.The

15、dayswereshort,foritwasnowDecember.白天短了,由于現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)是十二月了.Wemustbeginplanningnow,forthefuturemaybringunexpectedchanges.我們必須現(xiàn)在就開始籌劃,由于將來可能會發(fā)生意想不到的變化.有時,for引起的從句并不表示原因,而是表示一種推斷或解釋,而because那么不能.Someoneinthehousemustbeill,foradoctorhasjustcomeout.房子里一定有人病了、由于有個醫(yī)生剛剛出來.3) since意為既然"由于一般表示對方的、無需加以說明的既成事實的理由(

16、如果從句表示的原因不是確定的事實,就不能用since,通常用because).Sineeyouaregoing,Iw川gotoo.既然你要走,我也走了.Sineeyouareill,111goalone.由于你病了,我就一個人走了.4) as意為由于表示十清楚顯的原因,一般說明因果關系,著重點在主句,語氣較弱.Asitissnowing,weshallnotgotothepark.由于正在下雪,我們就不去公園了.Hehadtoapologize,asheknewhehadmadeamistake.他必須抱歉,由于他知道他電音了.由as表示的原因語勢最弱,常用于口語.5) nowthat意為既然

17、有時可將that省去,含義與since接近.區(qū)別在于：since表示原先已存在的情況,而nowthat表示現(xiàn)在才發(fā)生的情況.Nowthatithasstoppedraining,let'sstartatonee.既然現(xiàn)在雨停了,咱們馬上開始吧!Nowthatyouhavecome,youmayaswellstay.既然來了,你最好還是待在這兒.2地點狀語從句弓I導地點狀語從句的連詞有：where,wherever,anywhere,everywherePutitwhereyoucanseeit.把它放在你看得見的地方.I'llfindhim,whereverheis.不管他在哪

18、里我都要找到他.Youshouldputthebookwhereitwas.你應該把書放在原來的地方.Whereveryougo,youshoulddoyourworkwell.不管你到哪里都要把工作做好.選擇最正確答案1) IhopetogotoFrancesomedaytherearemanyfamousmuseumsthere.A.thoughB.uniessC.becauseD.where2) Wouldyouliketogototheconcertwithme?rdloveto,IcantIhavealotofhomeworktodo.A.and;BecauseB.but;Becau

19、seC.so;AndD.and;so3) Jimhasbeeninthefactoryfortwoyearsheleftschool.A.whenB.sinceC.assoonasD.whether4) Jackwasverytiredheplayedtennisallafternoon.A.ifB.assoonasC.becauseD.before5) You'dbettercomebackearlieritisgettingcolder.A.asB.andC.butD.or6) Janeworearaincoatitwasraining.A.soB.butC.howeverD.be

20、cause7) TheItalianboywasregardedasaherohegavehislifeforhiscountry.A.accordingtoB.becauseofC.onaccountofD.becauseKeys1)C2)B3)B4)C5)A6)D7)D第四節(jié)讓步狀語從句1. 引導讓步狀語從句的連詞有：although,while,eventhough,evenif,whether.(ornot),用nomatter十wh-/how弓|導2. although/though雖然AlthoughIdidn'knowanybodyattheparty,Ihadavery

21、goodtime.雖然晚會上的客人我一個也不熟悉,但我玩得很愉快.注意“although是個典型的錯誤,由于but是并列連詞,不能與附屬連詞although連用.但是,although可與yet,still連用,由于yet,still是副詞,它可使前后關系更明確.3. while意為然而1) while用于對照,說明兩種情況相反,意為然而,但是"Tomisveryoutgoing,whileJaneisshyandquiet.湯姆性格外向,而簡卻靦腆安靜.WhileIwasreading,hewasplaying.我在讀書,而他在玩.2) while意為雖然,盡管"同alt

22、hough,此時從句和主句的主語往往為同一人或物.Whileshelikedcats.sheneverletthemcomeintoherroom.雖然她喜歡貓、但她從不讓貓進她的房間.4. evenif即使(if后陳述的是假設)；eventhough盡管“(though后陳述的是事實)°rmgoingtoapplyforthejob,evenifitpaysverylittle.即使報酬不高,我也要去申請那份工作.Heisanhonestman,Isay,eventhoughIhaveopposedhim.我說他是個老實的人,盡管我反對過他.5. whether(ornot)無論是

23、.或是Whetheritrainsornot,Ishallgooutforanouting.無論是否下雨,我都要外出游玩.Whetherwewinorlose,wearegoingtodoourbest.無論勝敗,我們都會盡最大努力.注意whether作無論解,用現(xiàn)在時表將來；whether作是否“解時那么不能.They'llgooutwhetheritrainsornottomorrow.無論明天是否下雨,他們都要出去.Canyoutellmewhetheritwillrainornottomorrow?你能告訴我明天是否下雨嗎？6.用nomatter+wh-/how的詞引導,意為無

24、論nomatterwho無論誰,nomatterwhich無論明E,nomatterwhat無論什么,nomatterwhen無論何時'nomatterwhere無論哪里nomatterhow無論怎樣Nomatterwhoyouare,youmustobeythelaw.無論你是誰,你都應當遵紀守法.Ithasthesameresultnomatterwhichwayyoudoit.無論用什么方法來做,結果都一樣.Nomatterhowcolditis,sheoftengoesswimming.無論有多冷,她總是常去游泳.4) DoctorLiwenttoseethepatientA.

25、becauseB.and5) Thisdresswaslastyear'sstyle.IthinkitstilllooksperfectA.sothatB.eventhoughitwasrainingheavily.C.sineeD.thoughithasgoneoutthisyear.C.asifD.eversince6)NomatterA.wherebusyheis,hewon'tgiveuphishobby.B.howC.whatD.who7)Ineverseemtoloseanyweight,8)A. eventhoughNomatterA.howB. nomatter

26、howhardItry.C.asifyoucome,youarewelcome.B.whereC.when9)0)Thoughit'sraining,A. theyNobodybelievedhimarestillworkinginthefields.B. buttheyC.andtheywhathesaid.A. eventhoughB. inspiteC.nomatter11)whatmayhappen3Iwon'tchangemymind.A.EvenifKeysB.AlthoughC.PerhapsD.eversinceD.whatD.sotheyD.contrary.

27、D.Nomatter選擇最正確答案填空1) he'sold,hecanstillcarrythisheavybag.A.ThoughB.SinceC.ForD.So2) HowdoyouliketheconcertgivenbytheToxyLadies？Exciting,onepieceofthemusicwasnftplayedquitewell-A.soB.thoughC.becauseD.and3) Shallwegoonworking?Yes,Iprefertohavearest.C.becauseD.thoughA.whenB.if8)C9)A10)C11)D2.1)A2)

28、B3)D4)D5)B6)B7)B第五節(jié)目的狀語從句結果狀語從句和比擬狀語從句【經(jīng)典剖析】1.引導目的狀語從句的連詞有：inorderthat目的是為了,s.that,以便以inorderthat,sothat引導的目的狀語從句謂語通常用may,might加動詞構成,也可用can/could或will/would加動詞構成.Heworkshardinorderthathecanservehiscountrywell.他努力工作,目的是為了能更好地為國家效勞.Theystartedearlysothattheymightarriveintime.他們很早出發(fā),以便按時到達.注意“for動名詞不用于

29、表目的,但“for名詞可用于表目的.WriteitinsimpleEnglishtomake不能用formakingeverybodyunderstand.為了能讓每人都理解,請用簡單的英語寫.Bettergetupearlyfortheearlytrain.為了能趕上早班火車,請早一點起床.2弓I導結果狀語從句的詞:sothat以致,s.that如此.以致,suchtha如此以Hemadeawrongdecision,sothathalfofhispropertywaslost.他做了個錯誤的決定,以至于他喪失了一半的財產(chǎn).Theboxissoheavythatnobodycanmove讓.

30、這個箱子是如此重,(以至于)無人能移動它.Itissuchaheavyboxthatnobodycanmoveit.這箱子如此重,(以至于)無人能移動它.注意s.that既可引導目的狀語從句,又可引導結果狀語從句,其區(qū)別在于：弓I導結果狀語從句時通常用逗號同主句分開.3.引導比擬狀語從句的詞有：由an比,asas像.樣“,notsoas不像.樣“,themorethemore越.,越Iknowyoubetterthanhedoes.我比他更了角軍你.Wewalkedasfastaswecould.我們盡可能地快步行走.Theworkisnotsoeasyasyouthought.這工作沒有你想

31、的那么簡單.Nothingissopreciousashealth沒有什么能像健康一樣珍貴.Theharderyoustudy,thegreaterprogressyouw川make.你越努力學習,進步就越大.針對性練習1 .選擇最正確答案填空：1) rllleavehimanotehe'llknowwhereweare.A.sothatB.soasC.inorderD.for2) Thequestionwasdifficultthatnobodycouldanswer.A.very;themB.very;itC.so;themD.so;it3) Mikeisboythatwealll

32、ikehim.A.agoodsoB.sogoodaC.asuchgoodD.suchgooda4) Theywerebusystudyingtheycouldn'tgototherestaurantwithus.A.so;thatB.such;asC.very;thatD.enough;as5) Itwasthathehadtoaskforhelp.A.sodifficultworkB.sodifficultaworkC.suchadifficultworkD.suchadifficultjob6) Hestartedearlyhecouldgettherebeforenine.A.i

33、norderthatB.becauseC.soastoD.inorderto7) Robertisgoodatlanguages,weallknow.A.becauseB.forC.asD.sinee8) Itlooksit'sgoingtorain.A.thatB.asC.asifD.thatKeys1. 1)inorderthat2)sothat3)so.that4)so.that5)such.that2. 1)A2)D3)B4)A5)D6)A7)C8)C狀語從句專練I.選擇填空：1. Themancan'tgetonthebusbecausetherenoroomonit

34、.A.wasB.isC.areD.were2. Iwaslisteningtothemusictherewasaknockatthedoor.A.whileB.whenC.becauseD.until3. Youmayleavetheclassroomwhenyouwriting.D.hadfinished'IImeethim.A.willfinishB.arefinishingC.havefinished4. Idon'tknowifhetomorrifohwe,lA.willcome,comesB.comes,comesC.willcome,willcomeD.come,w

35、illcome5. Iread,themoreIunderstand.D.ForallA.ThemoreB.SomuchC.Howmuch6. WouldyougiveJohnnythisletterifyoutoseehimthisweek.A.willhappenB.happenC.arehappenedD.happened7. Shewasbusy,shecouldn'tgotoyourbirthdaypartylastnight.A.andB.soC.orD.but8. Englishisausefullanguageitisspokeninmanycountriesofthe

36、world.A.so-thatB.such-thatC.so.becauseD.such-because9. Youwillnotsucceededifyouharder.A.willworkB.won*tworkC.workD.don4work10. Writeclearlyyourteachercanunderstandyoucorrectly.A.sinceB.forC.becauseD.sothat11. hefailed,hewentondoingtheexperiment.A.EvenB.YetC.AlthoughD.inspiteof12. Thelightwentoutwhil

37、ewesupper.A.hadB.hadhadC.werehavingD.wouldhave13. Hisbrotherhasworkedthereheleftschool.A.whenB.afterC.sinceD.until14. Theboydidn'tstoptalkingthesecondbellrang.A.whenB.untilC.afterD.because15. Icameintotheoffice,theteacherwerehavingameeting.A.WhileB.WhenC.OnceD.Since16. Iwasabouttoleavemyhousethetelephonerang.A.whileB.asC.whenD.since17. Itisatleasttenyearsthesetreeswereplanted.A.whenB.beforeC.sinceD.assoonas18. Hewil