組胚切片報(bào)告

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上組織學(xué)與胚胎學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告指定主題：實(shí)驗(yàn)一 、上皮組織基本組織1報(bào)告主題：假?gòu)?fù)層纖毛柱狀上皮主題屬性：指定標(biāo)本號(hào)：27#染色：HE染色教學(xué)要求：掌握假?gòu)?fù)層纖毛柱狀上皮的光鏡結(jié)構(gòu)特征纖毛Cilium結(jié)締組織ConnectiveTissue杯狀細(xì)胞Goblet cell 光鏡下可見假?gòu)?fù)層纖毛柱狀上皮的各種上皮細(xì)胞界限不清，細(xì)胞核染藍(lán)紫色，高矮不一，其中柱狀細(xì)胞最多，游離面有大量纖毛，柱狀細(xì)胞之前常夾有杯狀細(xì)胞，其底部狹窄，頂部膨大，細(xì)胞核深染。所有細(xì)胞的基底膜均附著在基膜上，即使細(xì)胞核高低不齊排列，形似復(fù)層，實(shí)為單層。Then visible pseudostratified

2、 ciliated columnar epithelium of epithelial cell line is not clear, the nucleus dyed purple blue, height is differ, the columnar cells most, free surface has a lot of ciliated columnar cells, before often clip has goblet cell, its bottom is narrow, the top swollen, with hyperchromatic nuclei. All th

3、e cells of the basement membrane are attached on the basement membrane, whose nucleus are irregular, and the shape see as compound layer, and it is a single.實(shí)驗(yàn)二 結(jié)締組織 基本組織2報(bào)告主題：骨單位主題屬性：指定標(biāo)本號(hào)：6#材料：骨切片染色：Schmorl氏法塊染教學(xué)要求：掌握骨組織的結(jié)構(gòu)間骨板Interstitial lamella骨板Osteon lamella中央管Centralcanal圖2骨單位（骨切片，Schmorl氏法塊染

4、，40100）Figure 2 osteon (osseous smear,Schmorl stained,40100）骨單位位于內(nèi)外環(huán)骨板之間，數(shù)量最多，中央為圓心的中央管，中央管與穿通管相通，數(shù)層同心圓排列的骨板圍繞中央管。在骨單位之間，有一些不規(guī)則排列的間骨板，其中無(wú)血管通道，在骨板之間或骨板中可見黃色小腔，即骨陷窩。Osteon is located in the inside and outside ring bone plate between, the largest number, the central to the right of the central tube, th

5、e central tube and pierced tube are interlinked, layers of concentric arrangement of the bone plate around the central canal. There are some interstitial lamellae between osteon, which has no vascular channels, in the bone plate or between bone plate visible yellow small cavities, named lacuna.實(shí)驗(yàn)三、肌

6、組織與神經(jīng)組織實(shí)驗(yàn)二 基本組織3報(bào)告主題：心肌主題屬性：指定標(biāo)本號(hào)：12#材料：人心肌切片染色：HE染色教學(xué)要求：觀察人心肌的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)，掌握其判斷依據(jù)閏盤Intercalateddisk圖3 心?。ㄈ诵募∏衅琀E染色，40100）Figure 3 Cardiac muscle（human cardiac muscle smear，HE stained 40100）多數(shù)心肌纖維有一個(gè)細(xì)胞核，少數(shù)有雙核，核呈卵圓形，位于細(xì)胞中央。心肌纖維的連接處稱閏盤，且染色深。心肌纖維呈明暗相間的周期性橫紋，但由于其肌原纖維粗細(xì)不等，界限不明，因此橫紋不如平滑肌那么清楚。Most of the myocard

7、ial fibers have a nucleus, a few have dual-core, and nucleus is oval, located in the central cell. The joint of the myocardial fibers called intercalated disc, and deep dyeing. The myocardial fibers are light and shade and periodic horizontal lines, but as a result of its myofibril different thickne

8、sses of the unknown, so horizontal stripes as smooth muscle so clear.基本組織4報(bào)告主題：多級(jí)神經(jīng)元主題屬性：指定標(biāo)本號(hào)：9#材料：小牛脊髓及神經(jīng)節(jié)染色：HE 染色教學(xué)要求：觀察脊髓前角多級(jí)神經(jīng)元的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)，掌握其判斷依據(jù)神經(jīng)膠質(zhì)細(xì)胞的細(xì)胞核細(xì)胞核Nucleus樹突Dendrite尼氏體Nissl body圖4 多級(jí)神經(jīng)元(小牛脊髓切片，HE染色，40100）Figure 4 multipolar neuron（calf spinal cord smear，HE stained 40100）多級(jí)神經(jīng)元細(xì)胞核有大、圓，亮的特點(diǎn)，

9、胞體和突起中可見到許多紫藍(lán)色的不規(guī)則的小斑塊，即尼氏體。突起從胞體發(fā)出，一個(gè)神經(jīng)元有多個(gè)樹突，一個(gè)軸突，因此軸突很難切到，不容易看見。Multistage neurons nuclei have big, round, bright characteristics, cell and bumps in the visible to many purple blue irregular small patches, namely the Nissl body. Flash from the cell body out, a neuron have multiple dendrite, an ax

10、on, so it is difficult to cut the axon, which is not easy to see.實(shí)驗(yàn)四 消化管中空性器官1報(bào)告主題：空腸絨毛主題屬性：指定標(biāo)本號(hào)：19#材料：貓空腸橫切片染色：HE染色教學(xué)要求：掌握空腸的結(jié)構(gòu)特征與判斷依據(jù)，特別注意腸絨毛和腸腺的結(jié)構(gòu)）平滑肌Smooth muscle紋狀緣Striated border 單層柱狀上皮Simple columnar epithelium圖5 空腸絨毛（貓空腸橫切片，HE 染色，40100）Figure5 jejunum villi（cat jejunum transverse section, H

11、E stained 40100）空腸絨毛上皮由吸收細(xì)胞、杯狀細(xì)胞和少量?jī)?nèi)分泌細(xì)胞組成。吸收細(xì)胞數(shù)量最多，呈高柱狀，核長(zhǎng)橢圓型，位于基部，細(xì)胞游離有深染層，稱紋狀緣。絨毛中軸的固有層為細(xì)密結(jié)締組織，其內(nèi)?？梢娍v行的平滑肌、豐富毛細(xì)血管、12條中央乳糜管（多數(shù)未切到）及大量淋巴細(xì)胞。The epithelium of Jejunum villi is composed of absorption, goblet cell and a small amount of endocrine cells. The largest number of absorptive cells, a tall col

12、umnar, nuclear long elliptic, is located in the base, cell free have hyperchromatic layer, called striated border. Villi axis of the lamina propria for fine connective tissue, it often visible longitudinal done smooth muscle, rich capillaries, 1 2 a central lacteal (most not cut) and a large number

13、of lymphocytes.實(shí)驗(yàn)五 消化管以外的其他中空性器官中空性器官2報(bào)告主題：中等動(dòng)脈主題屬性：指定標(biāo)本號(hào)：10#材料：狗中等動(dòng)、靜脈橫切片染色：HE染色教學(xué)要求：掌握中等動(dòng)脈的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)內(nèi)彈性膜Internal elasticMembrane 內(nèi)膜Tunica intima中膜Tunica media外膜Tunica adventitia外彈性膜External elastic membrane圖6 中等動(dòng)脈 （狗中等動(dòng)脈橫切片，HE染色， 40100）Figure 6 medium-sized artery （dog medium-sized artery and vein tran

14、sverse section smear ，HE stained 40100）在高倍鏡下，可見內(nèi)彈性膜為一條呈波浪狀的折光性強(qiáng)的粉紅色亮帶，它是內(nèi)膜與中膜的分界標(biāo)志，中膜較厚，由數(shù)十層平滑肌纖維組成，因此中動(dòng)脈也稱肌性動(dòng)脈。外膜由疏松結(jié)締組織構(gòu)成，多數(shù)中動(dòng)脈的外膜和中膜之間有明顯的外彈性膜。At high magnification, internal elastic membrane is a wavy refraction sex strong pink light band, which is the border of tunica media and tunica adventiti

15、a .tunica media is consist of dozens of layer of the smooth muscle fibers, so the artery is also called the muscular artery. External elastic membrane is composed of loose connective tissue, the majority of the artery; there is obvious elastic membrane between tunica media and tunica adventitia.實(shí)驗(yàn)六

16、免疫系統(tǒng)實(shí)質(zhì)性器官1報(bào)告主題：淋巴結(jié)主題屬性：指定標(biāo)本號(hào)：13#材料：狗淋巴結(jié)切片染色：HE 染色教學(xué)要求：掌握淋巴結(jié)的結(jié)構(gòu)特征和判斷依據(jù)髓索Medullary cord 深皮質(zhì)Deep cortex髓質(zhì)Medulla淋巴小結(jié)Lymphoid nodule 被膜Envelope圖7 淋巴結(jié) （狗淋巴結(jié)切片，HE染色 ，40100）Figure 7 Lymphoid node (Dog lymphoid smear , HE stained ，40100）淋巴結(jié)多呈扁平豆形或者卵圓形，表面有薄層結(jié)締組織被膜，伸入實(shí)質(zhì)形成小梁，小梁互相連接成網(wǎng)。皮質(zhì)位于被膜下，淺皮質(zhì)由淋巴小結(jié)和彌散淋巴組織構(gòu)成，

17、副皮質(zhì)為胸腺依賴區(qū)，為較大片的彌散淋巴組織，皮質(zhì)淋巴竇位于被膜下方和小梁周圍.髓質(zhì)由髓索及其間的髓竇構(gòu)成。Lymph node is flat bean shaped or ovoid, the surface has a thin layer of connective tissue capsule, stretch into substantial form trabecular, trabecular interconnected into network. Cortex is located in the envelope, shallow cortex by lymph nodule

18、 and dispersion lymphoid tissue structure; vice cortex for thymus depend on the area, for a large dispersion lymphoid tissue, cortex lymphatic sinus, in the envelope below and trabecular meshwork. Medulla around by pulp line and the pulp sinus between compositions.實(shí)驗(yàn)八 腎與內(nèi)分泌系統(tǒng)實(shí)質(zhì)性器官2報(bào)告主題：下頜下腺主題屬性：自選標(biāo)本

19、號(hào)：24#材料：人下頜下腺切片染色：HE染色教學(xué)要求：掌握下頜下腺的三種腺泡和導(dǎo)管的結(jié)構(gòu)半月（混合性腺泡）Demilune漿液性腺泡Serous acinus 黏液性腺泡Mucous acinus分泌管Secretary duct圖8下頜下腺（人下頜下腺切片，HE染色，40100）Figure 8 （Submandibular gland smear, human submandibular gland，HE stained 40100）下頜下腺為混合性腺，小葉內(nèi)可見很多圓形或不規(guī)則的腺泡，其中染紫紅色的是漿液性腺泡，染色淺的是黏液性腺泡，混合性腺泡主要由黏液性腺細(xì)胞構(gòu)成，少量漿液性腺細(xì)胞位于

20、黏液性細(xì)胞之間或聚集在腺泡底部，也稱為半月。分泌管為單層柱狀上皮，多且發(fā)達(dá)，閏管短而不明顯。The submandibular gland is mixed gland, the leaves can be seen many round or irregular acinus , including dye aborigine is serous acinus, dyeing shallow is mucous acinus, mixed gland is mainly composed of mucous cells and a small amount of serous cells i

21、n the slime sex between cells or gathered in gland bubble bottom, called demilune. Secretary duct for single columnar epithelium, and developed, leap tube short is not obvious.實(shí)驗(yàn)八 腎與內(nèi)分泌系統(tǒng)實(shí)質(zhì)性器官3報(bào)告主題：腎單位主題屬性：指定標(biāo)本號(hào)：29#材料：兔腎切片染色：HE染色教學(xué)要求：掌握腎單位各部分的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)近曲小管Proximal convoluted tubule遠(yuǎn)曲小管Distal convoluted t

22、ubule腎小囊Renal capsule血管球Renal glomerulus圖9 腎單位 （兔腎切片，HE染色， 40100）Figure 9 Nephron ( Rabbit kidney smear，HE stained ，40100）腎單位由腎小體和與其相連的腎小管組成，腎小體由血管球和腎小囊構(gòu)成，血管球?yàn)槟I小囊內(nèi)一團(tuán)蟠曲的毛細(xì)血管，腎小囊是上皮性管道盲端膨大并凹陷的雙層囊。近曲小管位于腎小體周圍，管徑大，管壁厚，管腔小而且不規(guī)則。遠(yuǎn)曲小管與近曲小管混在一起，管徑小，管壁薄，管腔較大而規(guī)則。Nephron is composed of renal corpuscle and rena

23、l tubule. Renal corpuscle by vascular ball and renal capsule form, glomus for renal capsule in a group of capillary, renal capsule is double capsule. Proximal convoluted tubule in renal corpuscle around, pipe diameter, wall thickness, the lumen is small and irregular. Distal convoluted tubule and pr

24、oximal convoluted tubule mixed together, pipe diameter is small, and the wall is thin實(shí)驗(yàn)九 生殖腺實(shí)質(zhì)性器官4報(bào)告主題：生精小管主題屬性：指定標(biāo)本號(hào)：41#材料：人睪丸與附睪切片染色：HE染色教學(xué)要求：了解睪丸與附睪的一般結(jié)構(gòu)，掌握生精小管的結(jié)構(gòu)和間質(zhì)細(xì)胞的位置及其結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)。精子Spermatozoon精子細(xì)胞Spermatid初級(jí)精母細(xì)胞Primary spermatocyte精原細(xì)胞Spermatogonium支持細(xì)胞Sustentacular cell 圖10 生精小管（人睪丸與附睪切片，HE染色，40

25、100）Figure 10 Somniferous tubule (human testis and epididymis , HE stained ，40100）生精小管為高度彎曲的復(fù)層上皮性管道，外有薄層基膜，管壁由各級(jí)生精細(xì)胞和支持細(xì)胞構(gòu)成。精原細(xì)胞附著在基膜上，胞體較小，核染色較深。初級(jí)精母細(xì)胞位于精原細(xì)胞近腔側(cè)，細(xì)胞體積大而圓，核亦大而圓，染色質(zhì)密集呈絨球狀。次級(jí)精母細(xì)胞因存在時(shí)間短不易找到，精子細(xì)胞位于近腔面，體積更小，核大而圓，染色質(zhì)細(xì)密。精子位于腔面，頭部呈扁圓形，嵌入支持細(xì)胞的胞質(zhì)中，染色深，尾部游離于生精小管腔內(nèi)。Somniferous tubules are curved

26、 stratified epithelium of pipeline, outside a thin layer of basement membrane, wall by various raw sperm cell and support cells composition. Spermatophore attached on the basement membrane, cell is lesser, nuclear staining deep. Primary spermatocyte located in nearly cavity side, cell volume is big

27、and round, nuclear also large, round, chromatin concentrated in wool ball. Secondary spermatocyte there for short time is not easy to find, sperm cells in the nearly cavity surface, the volume is smaller, nuclear large, round, chromatin close. Sperm is located in the cavity surface, the head is obla

28、teness, embedded support cell cytoplasm, dyeing deep, tail free born in somniferous tubule cavity.自選主題 實(shí)驗(yàn)二、結(jié)締組織基本組織5報(bào)告主題：嗜酸性粒細(xì)胞主題屬性：自選標(biāo)本號(hào)：7#材料：人血涂片 染色：Wright染色教學(xué)要求：掌握嗜酸性粒細(xì)胞紅細(xì)胞Erythrocyte嗜酸性顆粒Eosinophilic Granule細(xì)胞核Nucleus圖11 嗜酸性粒細(xì)胞（人血涂片，HE染色，40100）Figure 11 Esoinophil (human blood smear，HE stained ，

29、40100）嗜酸性粒細(xì)胞核多分為兩葉，胞質(zhì)內(nèi)充滿粗大、分布均勻、染成橘紅色、有折光性的嗜酸性顆粒。其主要作用是能吞噬抗原抗體復(fù)合物，分解組胺，滅活白三烯，從而減弱過(guò)敏反應(yīng)，又參與對(duì)蠕蟲的免疫反應(yīng)。Eosinophilic nuclear are mainly divided into two leaves, cytoplasm filled with bulky, distribution uniformity, dyed orange, refraction sex eosinophilic particles. Its main function is to devour antigen

30、antibody complex, decomposition of histamine, inactivated leukotriene, thereby deadening allergic reaction, and the worm in the immune response.實(shí)驗(yàn)一、上皮組織基本組織6報(bào)告主題：變移上皮主題屬性：自選標(biāo)本號(hào)：31#染色：HE染色材料:貓膀胱切片（空虛狀態(tài)）教學(xué)要求：掌握膀胱空虛狀態(tài)下變移上皮的形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)基膜Basement membrane蓋細(xì)胞Cover cells圖12 變移上皮 （貓膀胱切片，HE染色，40100）Figure 12 Transi

31、tional epithelium (cat bladder smear，HE stained ，40100）變移上皮由多層細(xì)胞構(gòu)成，基底面平整。細(xì)胞核常排成56層，其中，基底層細(xì)胞核密集，小且染色深；中間數(shù)層細(xì)胞多為多邊形或倒梨形，核圓；表層細(xì)胞大，分界清晰，有防止尿液侵蝕的作用，稱為蓋細(xì)胞。Transitional epithelium cells by multilayer structure, base with smooth surface. The nucleus is often in 5 6 layer, among them, the basal lamina nuclei

32、intensive, small and dyeing deep; Intermediate layers of cells for polygon or fall pear-shaped, nuclear round; The surface cells, boundary clear, have prevent urine erosion effect, called cover cell.實(shí)驗(yàn)四、消化管中空性器官3報(bào)告主題：食管主題屬性：自選標(biāo)本號(hào)：18#染色：HE染色材料：狗食管和胃縱切片教學(xué)要求：掌握食管的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)及判斷依據(jù)食管腺Esophageal glands粘膜肌層Muscul

33、aris mucosa 肌層Muscularis復(fù)層扁平上皮Stratified squamous epithelium圖13 食管 （狗食管和胃縱切片，HE染色，40100）Figure 13 Esophagus （dog esophagus and stomach longitudinal section, HE stained ，40100）食管黏膜的上皮為復(fù)層扁平上皮，固有層為細(xì)密結(jié)締組織，黏膜肌層由縱行平滑肌束組成。黏膜下層的結(jié)締組織中存在許多黏液性的食管腺。肌層由內(nèi)環(huán)形和外縱行兩層，人的食管上段為骨骼肌，下段為平滑肌。外膜為纖維膜。Esophageal mucosa epithel

34、ial is stratified squamous epithelium, Muscularis mucosa is connective tissue, longitudinal beam of smooth muscle make up muscularis mucosa . Submucosa of connective tissue has many esophageal glands. musularis from inner ring and outer longitudinal two layer, human esophageal upper segment for skel

35、etal muscle, lower segment for smooth muscle. Tunica adventitia is fiber membrane.實(shí)驗(yàn)七、消化腺與肺實(shí)質(zhì)性器官5報(bào)告主題：肝主題屬性：自選標(biāo)本號(hào)：26#染色：HE染色材料：香豬肝切片教學(xué)要求：掌握肝的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)及其判斷依據(jù)。肝血竇Hepatic sinusoid 門管區(qū)Portal area中央靜脈 Central vein 肝板hepatic plate圖14 肝 （香豬肝切片，HE 染色 ，40100）Figure 14 liver （xiang pig liver smear , HE stained ，40100）肝是實(shí)質(zhì)性器官，外有結(jié)締組織被膜，伸入實(shí)質(zhì)將其分為許多小葉。小葉中央為中央靜脈，以其為中心，肝板和肝血竇向周圍呈放射狀排列。肝板為肝細(xì)胞單層排列的板狀結(jié)構(gòu)，肝血竇為肝板之間的間隙。在相鄰小葉之間的結(jié)締組織為門管區(qū)，其內(nèi)可見小葉間動(dòng)脈、靜脈及小葉間膽管。Liver is substantive organs, the conn