動詞不定式grammar-infinitive

1、Grammar動詞不定式動詞不定式 動詞不定式由動詞不定式由“to+ +動詞原形動詞原形”構成，構成，可以在句中作可以在句中作、表語表語、等等, ,但但不能作謂語不能作謂語。不定式不定式可以有自己的可以有自己的邏輯主語邏輯主語, ,即即 1. It is good to help others. 2. It is my ambition to make sure that the disabled people in our neighborhood have access to all public buildings. 3. My ambition is to work in the co

2、mputer industry when I grow up. (主主)(主主)(表表)4. I dont have time to sit around feeling sorry for myself. 5. I am the only student in my class to have a pet snake. 6. A big company has decided to buy it from me. 7. My fellow students have begun to accept me for who I am. (定定)(定定)(賓賓)(賓賓)8. I have had

3、to work hard to live a normal life. 9. Some days I am too tired to get out of bed. 10. We must call on local government to give financial assistance to disabled people. (目的狀語目的狀語)(結果狀語結果狀語)(賓補賓補) 學好英語不容易。學好英語不容易。 It took me more than a year to learn to draw a beautiful rose in five minutes.Attention

4、s: easy, important, difficult, impossible, necessary, right, wrong（）等及名詞等及名詞a duty, an honor, a mistake等作等作時，不定式時，不定式的邏輯主語由的邏輯主語由引導。引導。 eg: It is impossible for him to do the job alone 2. kind, good, nice, wise, clever, silly, foolish()等作等作時，由時，由引導引導不定式的邏輯主語。不定式的邏輯主語。eg: It is very nice of you to he

5、lp me. (2) 作作I decided my money back.determine/decide, help, 作作know, wonder, discuss, teach, show等等動詞的賓語時，不定式前要加動詞的賓語時，不定式前要加特殊疑問詞特殊疑問詞，如：，如：who, where, when, what, how等。等。 eg: He is wondering where to find his lost bike.(3) 作作)他的夢想是成為一名醫(yī)生他的夢想是成為一名醫(yī)生.(4) 作作I have a lot of .She is the first to school

6、. (5) 作作A. 做做，常用的結構：，常用的結構：I come here good-bye to you. B. 做做,常與副詞常與副詞, 或或連用。連用。He studied hard the exam.The road is too dangerous to cross. A. ask, allow, require, advise, permit, expect, get, forbid, invite, persuade, urge, order, force, cause, encourage等等The manager required the paper to be typed

7、.B. 不帶不帶to的不定式的不定式作賓補作賓補。使役動詞使役動詞 make/ have/ let sb. do感官動詞感官動詞 see/ watch/ observe/ hear/ listen to/ notice sb. doHe made a face and made everybody laugh.The policeman saw a child play in the street.被被動動賓語補足語賓語補足語賓語賓語主語補足語主語補足語主語主語We were not allowed to smoke in his house.不定式的否定結構多由：不定式的否定結構多由： “”

8、構成，構成， 否定副詞否定副詞not, never, seldom, hardly 等要置于等要置于to前。前。請告訴你的小孩不要在街上玩耍。請告訴你的小孩不要在街上玩耍。Please tell your child not to play in the street.她檢查名字為了不犯錯誤。她檢查名字為了不犯錯誤。She checked the names so as not to make mistakes. 主動形式主動形式 被動形式被動形式一般式一般式進行式進行式完成式完成式to do to be doneto be doing/to have doneto have been don

9、eI saw him enter that building. I hope to see you again.Im sorry to have given you so much trouble.He seems to be eating something.She dislikes to be told to do what she dislikes 1) I like to go with her. We love watching VCD. remember forget regretI remember meeting him in the street. 我記得在街上見過他。我記得

10、在街上見過他。 I remember to write a letter to my parents. 我想起來要給我父母親寫信。我想起來要給我父母親寫信。 3) “stop + 動名詞動名詞”表示停止動名詞所表示停止動名詞所表示的動作表示的動作, “stop + 不定式不定式”表示表示停下來做不定式所表示的動作。停下來做不定式所表示的動作。 Stop smoking, please. 請不要抽煙請不要抽煙 。 Lets stop to have a rest. 咱們停下來休息一下吧。咱們停下來休息一下吧。 4) mean to do 打算做某事打算做某事 mean doing 意味著意味著

11、I meant to catch up with the early bus. This means wasting a lot of money.5) try to do 設法盡力做某事設法盡力做某事 try doing 試著做某事試著做某事 You should try to overcome your shortcomings. Try working out the physics problem in another way.Exercises: 判斷成分判斷成分 He wants to be a singer. Its very easy to do the work. He of

12、ten comes to see me. Have you see him come in? He was considered to have taken it. 二二. 用正確的詞的形式填空。用正確的詞的形式填空。 They watered the soil _(stop) it getting too dry. Your sister is said _(take) a plane before.1 When I came in, he pretended _(read) a book. 賓賓主主狀狀賓補賓補主語補足語主語補足語to stopto have takento be read

13、ing4. _(make) things worse, my car was held up by the traffic accident.5. We used to hear our teacher _ (sing) this song.6. The meeting _(hold) next week is very important.7. The dusty air makes it difficult _(get) a clear picture of space.三三. 選擇題。選擇題。 Our master often told us _ things for granted.

14、A. not to have B. not to take 1. C. didnt take D. not to makesingto be heldto getTo makeB2. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to 3. Mrs. Smith warned her daughter _ after drinking. never to drive B. to never drive

15、C. never driving D. never drive 4. Though he had often made his little sister _, today he was made _ by his little sister. cry, to cry B. crying, crying A.C. cry, cry D. to cry, cryAAA5. “Have you decided when _?” “Yes, tomorrow morning.”A. to leave B. to be leaving C. will you leave D. are you leav

16、ing6. She pretended _ me when I passed by. A. not to see B. not seeing C. to not see D. having not seen7. The light in the office is still on. - Oh, I forgot _. turning it off B. turn it off A.C. to turn it off D. having turned it offAAC8. Little Jim should love _ to the theater this evening. A. to

17、be taken B. to take C. being taken D. taking9. Go on _ the other exercise after you have finished this one. to do B. doing C. with D. to be doing 10. She reached the top of the hill and stopped_ on a big rock by the side of the path.A.A. to have rested B. resting C. to rest D. restAACPractice 1. She

18、 said she_ her uncle very much and hoped _him. A. missed, to hear from B. missed, to hear C. misses, hearing from D. misses, hearingA2. _a living, she had to work from morning till night. A. To make B. made C. Making D. To have made3. Mrs Brown regretted_ his son. A. beated B. beating C. beat D. bea

19、tenAB4. I often hear him _about the great writer. A. to talk B. talk C. speaking D. to tell5. Missing the last bus means_ home. A. to walk B. walking C. walked D. walkBB6. Paul doesnt have to be made_ . He always works hard. A. study B. to study C. studied D. studying7. It was unbelievable that the

20、fans waited outside the gym for three hours just _ a look at the sports starts. A. had B. having C. to have D. haveBC8. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _. A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not9. -I didnt hear you come in last night. -Thats good. We t

21、ried _ noisy. A. not to B. to be not C. to be D. not to beAD10. -I hear that you and Francis will spend your vacation in Nepal next spring. -Yes, we are planning _. A. to B. to be C. it D. to do itA11. He is quick to _ himself to new environment. A. adopt B. adore C. adapt D. adept采納采納 收養(yǎng)收養(yǎng)崇拜崇拜 敬愛敬愛

22、熟練的熟練的adapt oneself to 適應適應12. Your performance in the driving test didnt reach the required standard-_, you failed. A. in the end B. after all C. in other words D. at the same timePractice choosing ( 10m )1.She reached the top of the hill and stopped_ on a big rock by the side of the path. to have

23、rested B. resting C. to rest D. rest 2.Were planning _ a party next week.A.A. to have B. have C. having D. had CA3. -Which do you prefer _ your weekends, fishing or watching TV?- Neither. spending B. to spend C. being spent D. spend 4.Did you find out _ the pie out of the oven?A.A. When to take B. t

24、o take C. have taken D. being takenBA5._ get a complete picture, further information is needed. In order that B. In order to C. Being D. To have 6. It s necessary _ some English grammar. for students to learn B. for students learning A.C. of students to learn D. of students learningAB7. I ought to _

25、 him the news, but I forgot to do so.A. remember to tell B. remember tellingC. have remembered to tellD. have remembered telling8. I _ you the exciting news, but you were not at home. Meant telling B. meant to tellingA.C. Meant to having told D. meant to tellCD高考鏈接 I dont want _ like Im speaking ill of anybody, but the managers plan is unfair. (2005 天津天津) To sound B. to be sounded C. Sounding D. to have soundedA解析解析: want 后接不定式后接不定式;sound 是系動詞是系動詞,沒有沒有被動式被動式;句中沒有強