高中英語_短文改錯(cuò)及寫作講評課件_新人教版必修1

1、 高一寫作指導(dǎo)高一寫作指導(dǎo) 無論從詞法還是句法上講，英語中動(dòng)無論從詞法還是句法上講，英語中動(dòng)詞是最關(guān)鍵的。而在高考英語書面表達(dá)詞是最關(guān)鍵的。而在高考英語書面表達(dá)評分中，動(dòng)詞錯(cuò)誤往往又是扣分的重點(diǎn)。評分中，動(dòng)詞錯(cuò)誤往往又是扣分的重點(diǎn)。所以同學(xué)們在寫作時(shí)要特別注意動(dòng)詞的所以同學(xué)們在寫作時(shí)要特別注意動(dòng)詞的正確使用。一般來說，中學(xué)生在寫作中正確使用。一般來說，中學(xué)生在寫作中出現(xiàn)的動(dòng)詞錯(cuò)誤主要有以下幾個(gè)方面：出現(xiàn)的動(dòng)詞錯(cuò)誤主要有以下幾個(gè)方面：一、一、時(shí)態(tài)誤用時(shí)態(tài)誤用二、二、語態(tài)錯(cuò)誤語態(tài)錯(cuò)誤 三、三、詞形錯(cuò)詞形錯(cuò)誤誤四、四、詞性錯(cuò)誤詞性錯(cuò)誤五、五、詞義錯(cuò)誤詞義錯(cuò)誤六、六、句式錯(cuò)誤句式錯(cuò)誤一一、時(shí)態(tài)誤用時(shí)態(tài)

2、誤用一般來說，根據(jù)寫作要求能夠非常明確地判斷出一般來說，根據(jù)寫作要求能夠非常明確地判斷出應(yīng)該主要用什么時(shí)態(tài)，像寫日記、看圖書面表達(dá)，應(yīng)該主要用什么時(shí)態(tài)，像寫日記、看圖書面表達(dá)，講述發(fā)生的一件事，其主要時(shí)態(tài)就是一般過去時(shí)。講述發(fā)生的一件事，其主要時(shí)態(tài)就是一般過去時(shí)。出現(xiàn)時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤的主要原因是：（出現(xiàn)時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤的主要原因是：（1）對各種時(shí)態(tài)的）對各種時(shí)態(tài)的基本概念不清楚（基本概念不清楚（2）時(shí)間立足點(diǎn)把握不準(zhǔn)（）時(shí)間立足點(diǎn)把握不準(zhǔn)（3）母）母語干擾語干擾 由于漢語動(dòng)詞沒有時(shí)態(tài)變化，許多同學(xué)缺乏由于漢語動(dòng)詞沒有時(shí)態(tài)變化，許多同學(xué)缺乏時(shí)態(tài)概念（時(shí)態(tài)概念（4）考場時(shí)間不夠）考場時(shí)間不夠 He is work

3、ing in this company ever since he was graduated from college.The teacher explained that light trvaeled faster than sound. has been working travels二、語態(tài)錯(cuò)誤二、語態(tài)錯(cuò)誤 Mary was dressing in white. The story was happened long long ago. We watched the train till it was disappeared.dressed英語中英語中seat， dress，devot

4、e 等動(dòng)詞常用被動(dòng)語態(tài)等動(dòng)詞常用被動(dòng)語態(tài)belong to, break out, disappear, happen, occur, take place, 等詞無被動(dòng)語態(tài)等詞無被動(dòng)語態(tài)三、詞形錯(cuò)誤三、詞形錯(cuò)誤 動(dòng)詞有過去式、過去分詞、現(xiàn)在分詞、單數(shù)第三動(dòng)詞有過去式、過去分詞、現(xiàn)在分詞、單數(shù)第三人稱形式。人稱形式。 In short, things have began to improve since schools were called on to reduce learning load. I was studiing in my room when the telephone ra

5、ng. The driver drived so fast that the car knocked into a truck. The balloon bursted suddenly.begunstudyingdroveburst四、詞性錯(cuò)誤四、詞性錯(cuò)誤1.及物動(dòng)詞與不及物動(dòng)詞混用及物動(dòng)詞與不及物動(dòng)詞混用 The teacher entered into the classroom. We all agreed Marys idea. The suggestion was come up at the meeting. My hometown has taken place great c

6、hanges in the past twenty years. withcameGreat changes have taken place in my hometownin the past twenty years.易用錯(cuò)的這類不及物動(dòng)詞有易用錯(cuò)的這類不及物動(dòng)詞有happen, take place, occur, break out, run out, come up, come true, go out, belong to, remain, disappear等等及物動(dòng)詞有及物動(dòng)詞有marry, enter, serve, reach等等 2. 實(shí)意動(dòng)詞和系動(dòng)詞的誤用 The mu

7、sic sounds well. This record is sold good.good英語中英語中l(wèi)ook, sound, taste, smell, feel等等表示感覺的連系動(dòng)詞后接形容詞作表語表示感覺的連系動(dòng)詞后接形容詞作表語sells well英語中有些說明主語自身特性的動(dòng)詞常用英語中有些說明主語自身特性的動(dòng)詞常用主動(dòng)語態(tài)表被動(dòng)含義，如主動(dòng)語態(tài)表被動(dòng)含義，如sell, wash, write等等This cloth _.(好洗）好洗）This pen _.(書寫流利書寫流利)The door _.(好關(guān)好關(guān))washes easilywrites smoothlycloses w

8、ell3. 動(dòng)詞形容詞介詞的混用動(dòng)詞形容詞介詞的混用 Our PE teacher is ill. Who will instead of him? They all against your plan. I favourite English.instead of 為介詞，應(yīng)改為為介詞，應(yīng)改為take the place of, 或者說或者說Who will take his class instead?arefavourite 可用作形容詞或名詞不能做謂語，可用作形容詞或名詞不能做謂語，應(yīng)改為應(yīng)改為My favourite is English.或或English is my favour

9、ite (subject). 4. 瞬間動(dòng)詞和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的混用瞬間動(dòng)詞和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的混用英語中瞬間動(dòng)詞不能語英語中瞬間動(dòng)詞不能語“段段”時(shí)間連時(shí)間連用應(yīng)將其替換為狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞或延續(xù)性動(dòng)用應(yīng)將其替換為狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞或延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞詞He lent me a book and told me that Icould borrow it for a week.keep注意此類動(dòng)詞的替換注意此類動(dòng)詞的替換arrive-be;buy-have;die-be dead;join-be in;leave-be away; fall in love-be in love;get married-be marriedB. 瞬

10、間動(dòng)詞與瞬間動(dòng)詞與till或或until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句或構(gòu)成的短語連用時(shí)，應(yīng)使用否定形式，否或構(gòu)成的短語連用時(shí)，應(yīng)使用否定形式，否則應(yīng)使用狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞或延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞則應(yīng)使用狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞或延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞He went to bed until eleven oclock.He stopped talking until the teacher came.He fell asleep until 9 oclock the next morning.didnt go或改為或改為He worked until 11 oclock.didnt stop或改為He kept talking unt

11、il the teacher came.slept五、詞義錯(cuò)誤五、詞義錯(cuò)誤 We all persuaded Father to give up smoking, but he wouldnt listen. The young man pointed to a policeman over there, explained and said, “He stopped us an hour ago.” tried to persuadeand explained六、句式錯(cuò)誤六、句式錯(cuò)誤 My classmates suggest me to study hard. Welcome you to

12、 visit our school. There used to have two trees in the yard.adviseMy classmates suggest that I (should) study hard.studyingYou are welcome to (come to) our school for a visit有些動(dòng)詞不能接不定式作補(bǔ)語，這類動(dòng)詞有有些動(dòng)詞不能接不定式作補(bǔ)語，這類動(dòng)詞有agree, demand, hope, insist, suggest, welcome等等beWhat is a sentence?1. The rain stopped

13、him from going to school.主語主語+謂語（謂語（+賓語賓語+賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)+狀語）狀語）=簡單句簡單句2.The rain stopped and then he went to school.主句主句+從句從句=復(fù)合句復(fù)合句簡單句簡單句+簡單句簡單句=并列句并列句3.The rain stopped when I got home.vI believe that everything is going on well.vShe was reading a novel when I came in.vShe is the girl who sings best in my c

14、lass.vWhat we need is time.vThe question is where we should go tomorrow.賓語從句賓語從句狀語從句狀語從句定語從定語從句句主語從主語從句句表語從表語從句句主句主句+從句從句=復(fù)合句復(fù)合句1. This earthquake was very large. 2. Many people was lost their houses and parents.3. luckily, with the help of goverment, we can eat delicious food and live good houses.4.In a world, we are determined to rebuilt our country. terriblegovernmentinwordrebuild5. To my sad, thousands of