BBC紀錄片-中國故事第一集學習筆記整理

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上BBC紀錄片 中國故事第一集祖先筆記整理 與保持平衡 keep sth in balance with天壇 the Altar of Heaven進行祭天儀式 perform rituals黃帝 the Yellow Emperor1900年，中國陷入了大災(zāi)難，國內(nèi)叛亂，洪水還有饑荒In 1900, China was plunged into catastrophe with rebellion, flood and famine.踏上回鄉(xiāng)的旅程 set off on the journey home冬至 the winter solstice清明節(jié) the Qin

2、gming Festival自古以來，中國人在這天祭祖先。When, since ancient times, the Chinese have honored the ancestors.勇往直前地走入未來 be on a headlong rush into the future由于自由的召喚 for as new freedoms beckon人們自發(fā)地要去追溯那些在他們的歷史中至關(guān)重要的一些東西 the people themselves are reaching back to the things that have mattered most to them in their h

3、istory對于中國人來說，身份起源于家庭 for the Chinese people, identity begins with the family.Enticing 有吸引力的祭祖日 the day of the ancestors掃墓日 Tomb-Sweeping Day他們來自于全國各地，每個人向祖先禱告告訴他們家族目前是什么情況，告訴祖先們他們的價值觀仍然存在我們之中。They have come from all over China and further afield to make their own report to the ancestors to tell the

4、m how the family is doing and how the ancestors and their values still live on in us.As the ancients used to say, repaying our roots 正如古人們說，落葉歸根家風 family values經(jīng)歷種種變化 experience dizzying changesMirror 反映現(xiàn)在那段歷史的意義已經(jīng)潮水般涌回 and now the meaning of that history is flooding backThis whole great festival is

5、 to two ancient gods in Chinese mythology，F(xiàn)uxi, the male god, and Nvwa, the female god.整場節(jié)日是用來紀念中國神話中遠古的兩位神，男的是伏羲，女的是女媧。And shes famous because she created humanity out of yellow mud of the Yellow River. And the mud that was left over she made dogs and chickens, according to the myth. 女媧聞名于她用黃河的泥創(chuàng)造了

6、人類。根據(jù)神話傳說，她用剩下的泥創(chuàng)造了狗和雞。流傳下來 hand down漢人 Han ChineseAll four of the great old world civilizations began on rivers-the Nile, the Euphrates, the Indus and the Yellow River. 世界上的四大發(fā)明均起源于河流，尼羅河、幼發(fā)拉底河和恒河，當然還有黃河。只有中國一直延續(xù)到了今天。China alone has come down until today.Harness the waters of the river for irrigati

7、on that enable ancient people to feed bigger and bigger populations治理河流用于灌溉，讓古代人能夠養(yǎng)活越來越多的人口So the beginnings of Chinese history, the control of the river and its environment, lay at the very heart of political power自中國歷史起源開始，對河流和環(huán)境的治理是每個政權(quán)的核心問題。And the tale of the king who tamed the mighty Yellow Ri

8、ver and claimed the right to rule the hundreds of tribes 大禹治水然后統(tǒng)治了黃河沿岸幾百個部族的故事。大禹 King Yu追溯到青銅器時代 go back to the Bronze Age傳說大禹在4000年前建立了中國第一個朝代。 the legend says that King Yu was the founder of Chinas first dynasty 4000 years ago直到今天仍有一些傳統(tǒng)存在 traditions survived until modern times古巴比倫 ancient Iraq石器時

9、代 Stone Age 皇帝中國的第一個帝王 Huangdi, the Yellow Emperor, the original Emperor of China青銅鑄件 bronze casting綠松石 turquoise中國最早的文字 the first Chinese writing世界考古界 world archaeology中藥 對中藥的信仰和實踐可以追溯到史前時代 a traditional pharmacy where beliefs and practices going back into prehistory翰林院 the Imperial Academy開藥方 deli

10、ver a series of ingredients龍骨 dragon bonesYou ground up and boiled and drank to alleviate the fever 你需要碾碎它，熬煮后喝下去緩解發(fā)燒追溯到 trace back to.甲骨 oracle bonesEpoch-making 劃時代的意義占卜 divination占卜者是在向祖先尋求支持 the diviners are asking for the favor of the ancestral spirits象形文字 hieroglyphs楔形文字 the cuneiformThe Bronz

11、e Age layers here are 30 feet deep in Yellow River silt 青銅器時代的遺跡在黃河淤泥下30英尺深的地方敬拜祖先的地方 the place where the ancestors were worshiped禮制 ritual鑄造青銅器來盛放食物和酒水供奉他們的祖先 cast beautiful bronzes to hold food and water offerings to the ancestral spirits進行活人祭祀 practice human sacrifice吉兆 omens of auspiciousness兇兆

12、omens of disaster北京天文館 the Beijing Planetarium周文王 King Wen of the Zhou五星連珠每516發(fā)生一次 this five-planet conjunction happens once every 516 years百家爭鳴 100 schools bloomed君子之德風，小人之德草，草上之風必偃 so its said that when the wind blows the grass naturally bends有朋自遠方來，不亦樂乎？ To have guests come from far away is a pleasure, is it not？孝順 filial piety在稅收和商業(yè)方面，統(tǒng)一了度量衡。統(tǒng)一貨幣。For tax and commerce, the weights and measures were standardized. There was to be a uniform coinage.兵馬俑 the Terracotta ArmyThe beginnings of China as a unitary state, as the worlds first bureaucratic, centralize