birdflu禽流感英語介紹

1、2021/4/21What is the influenza A(H7N9) What is the influenza A(H7N9) virus? virus? Influenza A H7 viruses are a group of influenza viruses that normally circulate among birds. The influenza A(H7N9) virus is one subgroup among the larger group of H7 viruses. Although some H7 viruses (H7N2, H7N3 and H

2、7N7) have occasionally been found to infect humans, no human infections with H7N9 viruses have been reported until recent reports from China. 2021/4/22什么是甲型什么是甲型H7N9流感病毒？流感病毒？甲型流感的甲型流感的H7病毒是一組通常在鳥類中傳病毒是一組通常在鳥類中傳播的流感病毒。甲型播的流感病毒。甲型H7N9流感病毒屬于流感病毒屬于H7病毒大類下的一個亞群。雖然偶爾會有某病毒大類下的一個亞群。雖然偶爾會有某些些H7病毒病毒(H7N2、H7N

3、3、H7N7)感染人類感染人類的報告，但過去沒有人類感染的報告，但過去沒有人類感染H7N9病毒的病毒的報告，直到中國最近報告出現(xiàn)了這種病例報告，直到中國最近報告出現(xiàn)了這種病例。2021/4/23 What are the What are the main symptomsmain symptoms of of human infection with influenza human infection with influenza A(H7N9) virus? A(H7N9) virus? Thus far, most patients with this infection have ha

4、d severe pneumonia. Symptoms include fever, cough and shortness of breath. However, information is still limited about the full spectrum of disease that infection with influenza A(H7N9) virus might cause. 到目前為止，感染到目前為止，感染H7N9病毒的絕大多數(shù)病人會出現(xiàn)嚴(yán)重病毒的絕大多數(shù)病人會出現(xiàn)嚴(yán)重肺炎，癥狀包括發(fā)燒、咳嗽、氣短。不過，對于感染甲肺炎，癥狀包括發(fā)燒、咳嗽、氣短。不過，對于感染

5、甲型型H7N9流感病毒后可能產(chǎn)生的全部癥狀的認(rèn)知仍是有限流感病毒后可能產(chǎn)生的全部癥狀的認(rèn)知仍是有限的。的。2021/4/24All three viruses are influenza A viruses but they are distinct from each other. H7N9 and H5N1 are considered animal influenza viruses that sometimes infect people. H1N1 viruses can be divided into those that normally infect people and th

6、ose that normally infect animals. 這三種病毒都是甲型流感病毒，但它們有明顯區(qū)別。這三種病毒都是甲型流感病毒，但它們有明顯區(qū)別。H7N9和和H5N1被認(rèn)為是動物流感病毒，只是偶爾會感被認(rèn)為是動物流感病毒，只是偶爾會感染人類。染人類。H1N1病毒可以分為通常感染人類與通常感染病毒可以分為通常感染人類與通常感染動物的兩種。動物的兩種。 Is the influenza Is the influenza A(H7N9)A(H7N9) virus virus different from different from influenza influenza A(H1N1

7、)A(H1N1) and and A(H5N1)A(H5N1) viruses?viruses?2021/4/25Some of the confirmed cases had contact with animals or with an animal environment. The virus has been found in a pigeon in a market in Shanghai. It is not yet known how persons became infected. The possibility of animal-to-human and person-to

8、-person transmission is being investigated. 一些已被確認(rèn)的病例有與動物或者動物所處環(huán)境接觸的一些已被確認(rèn)的病例有與動物或者動物所處環(huán)境接觸的經(jīng)歷。上海禽類市場的鴿子中發(fā)現(xiàn)了經(jīng)歷。上海禽類市場的鴿子中發(fā)現(xiàn)了H7N9病毒。但人病毒。但人是如何被感染的尚不清楚?，F(xiàn)在正在調(diào)查動物傳染人的是如何被感染的尚不清楚?，F(xiàn)在正在調(diào)查動物傳染人的可能性，以及人傳人的可能性?？赡苄?，以及人傳人的可能性。How did people become infected How did people become infected with the influenza A(H7N

9、9) virus?with the influenza A(H7N9) virus?2021/4/26How can infection with influenza A(H7N9) virus be prevented?Although both the source of infection and the mode of transmission are uncertain, it is prudent to follow basic hygienic practices to prevent infection. They include hand and respiratory hy

10、giene and food safety measures. 盡管感染的來源及傳播模式尚不能確定，但注意盡管感染的來源及傳播模式尚不能確定，但注意以下基本衛(wèi)生來預(yù)防感染是一種謹(jǐn)慎的做法，包以下基本衛(wèi)生來預(yù)防感染是一種謹(jǐn)慎的做法，包括手部衛(wèi)生、呼吸衛(wèi)生、食品安全措施括手部衛(wèi)生、呼吸衛(wèi)生、食品安全措施.2021/4/27Hand hygieneHand hygiene: : Wash your handsWash your hands before, during, and after you before, during, and after you prepare food; before

11、you eat; after you use the prepare food; before you eat; after you use the toilet; after handling animals or animal waste; toilet; after handling animals or animal waste; when your hands are dirty; and when providing when your hands are dirty; and when providing care when someone in your home is sic

12、k. Hand care when someone in your home is sick. Hand hygiene will also prevent the transmission of hygiene will also prevent the transmission of infections to yourself and in hospitals to infections to yourself and in hospitals to patients, health care workers and others. patients, health care worke

13、rs and others. Wash your hands Wash your hands with soap and running waterwith soap and running water when visibly dirty; if not visibly dirty, wash when visibly dirty; if not visibly dirty, wash your hands with soap and water or your hands with soap and water or use an use an alcohol-based hand cle

14、anseralcohol-based hand cleanser. . 手部衛(wèi)生：手部衛(wèi)生：在準(zhǔn)備食物前、中、后，飯前、便后，處理動物或動在準(zhǔn)備食物前、中、后，飯前、便后，處理動物或動物排泄物后，手臟時，照顧家中病人時要洗手。物排泄物后，手臟時，照顧家中病人時要洗手。 當(dāng)手部明顯較臟時，用肥皂和流水清洗。如不明顯臟當(dāng)手部明顯較臟時，用肥皂和流水清洗。如不明顯臟時，用肥皂和水洗手或者使用酒精潔手液洗手。時，用肥皂和水洗手或者使用酒精潔手液洗手。2021/4/28Respiratory hygiene:Respiratory hygiene:Cover your mouth and nose wi

15、th a medical mask, Cover your mouth and nose with a medical mask, tissue, or a sleeve or flexed elbow when tissue, or a sleeve or flexed elbow when coughing or sneezing; throw the used tissue coughing or sneezing; throw the used tissue into a closed bin immediately after use; into a closed bin immed

16、iately after use; perform hand hygiene after contact with perform hand hygiene after contact with respiratory secretions.respiratory secretions. 在咳嗽或打噴嚏時，用醫(yī)用口罩、紙巾、袖子、肘在咳嗽或打噴嚏時，用醫(yī)用口罩、紙巾、袖子、肘部遮蓋口鼻，用過的紙巾在使用后盡快扔入有蓋垃部遮蓋口鼻，用過的紙巾在使用后盡快扔入有蓋垃圾箱，在接觸到呼吸道分泌物后采取手部衛(wèi)生措圾箱，在接觸到呼吸道分泌物后采取手部衛(wèi)生措施。施。 ” ”2021/4/29Is it sa

17、fe to eat poultry and Is it safe to eat poultry and poultry products? poultry products? In areas experiencing outbreaks in poultry, raw eggs should not be used in foods that will not be further heat-treated as, for example by cooking or baking.Avian influenza is not transmitted through cooked food.

18、To date, no evidence indicates that anyone has become infected following the consumption of properly cooked poultry or poultry products, even when these foods were contaminated with the H9N7 virus.家禽在正經(jīng)歷禽流感暴發(fā)的地區(qū)，烹調(diào)食品在不進一步加熱家禽在正經(jīng)歷禽流感暴發(fā)的地區(qū)，烹調(diào)食品在不進一步加熱 （如燒煮如燒煮、烘烤烘烤） 的情況下，不應(yīng)的情況下，不應(yīng)食用生蛋。食用生蛋。禽流感不通過熟食傳播。迄

19、今，無證據(jù)表明任何人在食用經(jīng)妥禽流感不通過熟食傳播。迄今，無證據(jù)表明任何人在食用經(jīng)妥善烹調(diào)的家禽或家禽產(chǎn)品之后受到感染，即便這些食物曾有善烹調(diào)的家禽或家禽產(chǎn)品之后受到感染，即便這些食物曾有H9N7病毒污染。病毒污染。2021/4/210Is there a vaccine for the Is there a vaccine for the influenza A(H7N9) virus?influenza A(H7N9) virus?No vaccine for the prevention of influenza A(H7N9) infections is currently avail

20、able. However, viruses have already been isolated and characterized from the initial cases. WHO, with partners, will continue to characterize available influenza A(H7N9) viruses to identify the best candidate viruses. These candidate vaccine viruses can then be used for the manufacture of vaccine if necessary. 目前沒有預(yù)防甲型目前沒有預(yù)防甲型H7N9流感病毒感染的疫苗。不過，已從最流感病毒感染的疫苗。不過，已從最初的病例中分離并分型了病毒。世衛(wèi)組織將和其合作伙伴繼初的病例中分離并分型了病毒。世衛(wèi)組織將和其合作伙伴繼續(xù)研究現(xiàn)有續(xù)研究現(xiàn)有H7N9病毒的特性以確定最佳的候選病毒。如有必病毒的特性以確定最佳的候選病毒。如有必要，就可以使用這些候選病毒生產(chǎn)疫苗要，就可以使用這些候選病毒生產(chǎn)疫苗2021/4/211Does treatmen