四級(jí)作文如何寫作及欣賞

1、SCHOOL OF FOREIGN STUDIESCENTRAL UNIVERSITY OF 專為中澳班學(xué)生編寫四級(jí)作文如何寫作與欣賞 編著：張鐵鋼 2011年9月18日夜 寫作1 如何寫作文某教授曾多次參加四 HYPERLINK /GB/8216/43375/index.html t _blank 六級(jí)閱卷，他發(fā)現(xiàn) HYPERLINK /GB/8216/85242/index.html t _blank 作文對(duì)許多考生來(lái)說(shuō)是塊難啃的“硬骨頭”，提高起來(lái)有難度。不過(guò)，只要現(xiàn)在開(kāi)始勤加練習(xí)，寫出一篇及格的文章并不很難。 HYPERLINK /GB/8216/43375/index.html t

2、_blank 四級(jí) HYPERLINK /GB/22223/index.html t _blank 考試要求，30分鐘120個(gè)詞左右，體裁有議 HYPERLINK /GB/8216/64401/69142/index.html t _blank 論文、說(shuō)明文、應(yīng)用文。議論文、應(yīng)用文的可能性比較大。無(wú)論哪種文體，都應(yīng)做到“一個(gè)切題，三個(gè)避免”?！緫?yīng)對(duì)招數(shù)之一】三個(gè)避免：“切題”指首先要保證所寫文章必須圍繞給定的題目，避免拼寫錯(cuò)誤；避免語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤；避免中文式英語(yǔ)。【應(yīng)對(duì)招數(shù)之二】喜“新”厭“舊”：寫作文時(shí)做到一個(gè)切題、三個(gè)避免，拿到基本分問(wèn)題就不大了。要想讓分?jǐn)?shù)上一個(gè)檔次，文章中就需要多幾個(gè)閃光點(diǎn)。

3、閃光點(diǎn)體現(xiàn)在用詞上、用的句子結(jié)構(gòu)上。在用詞時(shí)要喜“新”厭“舊”，盡量不要用中學(xué)時(shí)“小兒科”的詞匯，多用 HYPERLINK /GB/8216/43375/index.html t _blank 四六級(jí)詞匯表中的“新詞”。比如寫作時(shí)用“be in diffrentto”表示“對(duì)冷漠、漠不關(guān)心”就比“becoolto”好，后者比較普通，沒(méi)有新意。寫議論文、說(shuō)明文都需要講理由，就需要排序，考生多用first，second，third等，就不如用新穎些的inthefirstplace，效果要好。句子結(jié)構(gòu)也要盡量新鮮。比如Everybodyknowthat.就不如Itiswell-knowntoever

4、yonethat.來(lái)得精彩，更能博閱卷 HYPERLINK /GB/8216/64401/index.html t _blank 老師青睞。【應(yīng)對(duì)招數(shù)之三】講究語(yǔ)篇結(jié)構(gòu)：寫作時(shí)，考生還需要注意文章章法的合理性，做到起、承、轉(zhuǎn)、合，有頭有尾；確保主體段落有明確的中心思想句，后面的擴(kuò)展層次清楚；用不同的形式開(kāi)始句子，注意句子的長(zhǎng)短結(jié)合。如果能做到連貫性和整體性，整篇文章就不錯(cuò)了。寫作2 關(guān)于寫作文的問(wèn)答新一輪英語(yǔ)四 HYPERLINK /GB/8216/43375/index.html t _blank 六級(jí) HYPERLINK /GB/22223/index.html t _blank 考試在炎

5、炎烈日的召喚下又將如期而至，伴隨著考試改革風(fēng)波的余溫未了，如何應(yīng)對(duì)考試新題型依舊是考生們經(jīng)久不息的談?wù)撛掝}。下面的文字將幫助大家圓一個(gè)完美 HYPERLINK /GB/8216/85242/index.html t _blank 作文的高分之夢(mèng)！記者：和大家談?wù)勓巯驴忌鷤冏铌P(guān)注的英語(yǔ)四六級(jí)考試，好嗎？您在四六級(jí)考試作文輔導(dǎo)方面很有心得，那就請(qǐng)您先談一談近幾年來(lái)四六級(jí)作文的出題方向吧。老師：大家下午好！從2000年以后我們從作文的題型和體裁上可以看出，考應(yīng)用文的比例逐漸增強(qiáng)，大有替代議 HYPERLINK /GB/8216/64401/69142/index.html t _blank 論文的趨

6、勢(shì)。但這并不說(shuō)明議論文將淡出四六級(jí)考試。2006年1月在經(jīng)過(guò)多年沉寂之后，又出現(xiàn)了一次關(guān)于“大學(xué)校園是否應(yīng)向旅游者開(kāi)放”的議論文就說(shuō)明了這一點(diǎn)，6月24日的第一次新 HYPERLINK /GB/8216/43375/index.html t _blank 四級(jí)作文，“ HYPERLINK /GB/8216/47717/index.html t _blank 大學(xué)生自由選擇任課 HYPERLINK /GB/8216/64401/index.html t _blank 教師”、12月23日“春晚是否應(yīng)取消”則又給了我們一個(gè)強(qiáng)烈的暗示，即大綱上要求的提綱作文(議論文、說(shuō)明文)、情景作文(記敘文、應(yīng)用

7、文)和圖表作文等作文類型依然在考試的范圍之內(nèi)，基于此，可以說(shuō)新舊四級(jí)在本質(zhì)上并沒(méi)有區(qū)別。記者：您的這番話給大家提了個(gè)醒，考生們?cè)趶?fù)習(xí)時(shí)一定要有全面準(zhǔn)備，以免在出現(xiàn)自己陌生的題型時(shí)束手無(wú)策。接下來(lái)就請(qǐng)您詳細(xì)地給大家介紹一下新四六級(jí)考試作文具體的變化吧。老師：具體的變化主要有兩點(diǎn)。首先，寫作被安排在了四六級(jí)考試的第一部分，很多同學(xué)認(rèn)為這只是一個(gè)順序的問(wèn)題，其實(shí)它還包含有更深層次的暗示，那就是語(yǔ)言的應(yīng)用被放在了考試的重要位置。主觀題取代客觀題被放在了考試的第一位。我們?cè)谝酝乃牧?jí)輔導(dǎo)中，往往都強(qiáng)調(diào)在寫作文中我們除了平時(shí)的訓(xùn)練之外，在考場(chǎng)上較之其他部分還有另一個(gè)優(yōu)勢(shì)，那就是，我們接受了大量的語(yǔ)料(特

8、別是四篇閱讀和完型填空)，我們可以臨場(chǎng)將這些語(yǔ)料的好詞、好句式記錄下來(lái)，用于自己的作文之中。而新題型中作文在第一部分，這種優(yōu)勢(shì)則不復(fù)存在。其次，我們從2006年6月24日的作文題目“大學(xué)生自由選擇任課教師”中看到，與以往的議論文相比，模版的作用將越來(lái)越弱，以本次作文為例，如果按照模版，三段的基本寫作要求應(yīng)該是：現(xiàn)象：有些大學(xué)允許學(xué)生自由選擇某些課程的任課教師。原因：學(xué)生選擇教師時(shí)所考慮的主要因素.結(jié)論：.我們看到，各類的模版開(kāi)始進(jìn)行融合，而且越來(lái)越靈活，不按套路出牌了。第三段要求考生論述“學(xué)生自選任課教師的益處和可能產(chǎn)生的問(wèn)題”，而這正是論“everycoinhastwosides”類論說(shuō)文的

9、要點(diǎn)。(闡述不具體，看不明白)記者：您的講解給大家縷出了兩條清晰的思路，熟悉這兩點(diǎn)關(guān)鍵的變化，考生們也就可以對(duì)癥下藥，有的放矢了。還想請(qǐng)您給咱們考生指導(dǎo)一下應(yīng)對(duì)作文題的這些變化，在復(fù)習(xí)中有什么技巧可言嗎？ 老師：對(duì)于新四六級(jí)作文，我們一方面要看到改革前后題型的延續(xù)性，也就是說(shuō)過(guò)去我們?cè)谳o導(dǎo)中的寫作技巧依然是有效的，另一方面又需要在以下方面完善自己的作文：首先，重視大綱中列舉的寫作類型與體裁，做到各種所謂“模版”的拆分與重新組合,之前我們?cè)诰唧w變化中也提到了各種模般的融合。具體的可以參見(jiàn)2005年12月舊題型與2006年6月新題型的作文題材與類型。其次，注意平時(shí)積累在閱讀中重要的四六級(jí)詞匯與句式

10、。不是簡(jiǎn)單、機(jī)械地背誦，而是在設(shè)定的各種情景和環(huán)境下，進(jìn)行靈活多樣的組合，使他們成為自己的句子，在多讀多寫的過(guò)程中，使自己的行文水到渠成，徹底改變讓閱卷員感覺(jué)是在“背誦文章”而不是在“寫文章”的印象。最后，必須克服羞怯 HYPERLINK /GB/8216/47717/51646/index.html t _blank 心理，敢于將自己的習(xí)作拿給老師進(jìn)行修改和點(diǎn)評(píng)，自己寫過(guò)百篇而無(wú)“高手”指導(dǎo)，等于在同一地點(diǎn)“努力”地進(jìn)行大踏步運(yùn)動(dòng)，費(fèi)力而沒(méi)有進(jìn)步。老師的點(diǎn)評(píng)，往往為考生指出問(wèn)題之所在，起到“教師一席話，勝寫百篇文”的作用。記者：我們現(xiàn)在也是“聽(tīng)君一席話，勝讀十年書”?。〗裉炷木手v解給咱們

11、考生苦悶的復(fù)習(xí)之旅吹來(lái)一股清新之風(fēng)，希望大家聽(tīng)后都可以堅(jiān)定自己取勝的信念，在最后的考試中奮力一搏！再次感謝您百忙之中蒞臨為大家指點(diǎn)迷津，最后，在考試即將來(lái)臨之際，您有什么祝福送給咱們的考生嗎？ 老師：還要再叮嚀大家一句，我們一定要遵循寫作的練習(xí)過(guò)程，即“閱讀范文模仿寫作教師反饋改進(jìn)提高”的步驟，經(jīng)過(guò)一段時(shí)間的努力，在練習(xí)20篇左右的文章后，就基本能夠把四六級(jí)作文的要點(diǎn)、寫作類型和“閃光詞句”成竹于胸了。最后祝大家考試成功！寫作3 寫作文的一些要點(diǎn)現(xiàn)象解釋型、應(yīng)用文、記敘文、和圖表文章四種題型。這四種題型既是對(duì) HYPERLINK /GB/8216/43375/index.html t _bla

12、nk 四級(jí) HYPERLINK /GB/8216/85242/index.html t _blank 作文的科學(xué)分類，又是對(duì)四級(jí)作文考點(diǎn)的高度概括。 A現(xiàn)象段落模仿練習(xí)：當(dāng)前校園中存在許多 HYPERLINK /GB/8216/29926/index.html t _blank 作弊的現(xiàn)象. Currently, college students in growing numbers are seeking to cheat in exams. According to a recent survey made by Mary Wang, head editor of the 21st Cen

13、tury, there are about 38.6% who had some cheating behaviors at college, even in College English Test. Such an phenomenon has caused wide public concern. 主題句 1. Recent years, become more and more .Its estimated that . 2. Currently, people have to face the problem of . 3. Nowadays more and more people

14、 are beginning to realize that . For example, B對(duì)比段落模仿練習(xí)： 1. 有些人決定 HYPERLINK /GB/8216/64308/index.html t _blank 畢業(yè)后讀研. 2. 有些人決定畢業(yè)后工作. 3. 我的看法. “Should college students go to work immediately or pursue their post graduate study after graduation? ” When it comes to such a question, people opinion varie

15、s widely from person to person. Some people consider . In their eyes, . Besides, is also an important factor for . However, some other hold that . According to them, . And, . Personally, I am in favor of the former/later idea. For one thing, . For another, . Therefore, as mentioned above, will be my

16、 choice. 主題句 1. Currently, college students in growing numbers are seeking to cheat in exams, and peoples opinions/ attitudes/ views are mixed/divided on this point. 2. Different people have different views on 3. There is no complete agreement among people as to C原因段落模仿練習(xí): 許多 HYPERLINK /GB/8216/4771

17、7/index.html t _blank 大學(xué)生畢業(yè)后找不到工作這一現(xiàn)象的原因是. . . After careful consideration, we can find three possible reasons to account for this trend. First of all, the expansion and amalgamation of universities provide chances for more students to receive higher education, but the job market cannot develop at t

18、he same speed. Whats more, the situation is even worse with those students who unanimously chose the “hot” majors such as economics and accounting. In the third place, many students think too highly of themselvesthey choose not to work at all if they are not satisfied with the job. They may think th

19、e pay is not satisfactory or the job is not decent at all. 模仿練習(xí): Video Games 1.許多學(xué)生沉迷于電子游戲/網(wǎng)絡(luò)聊天. 2.這一現(xiàn)象的原因是 3.解決辦法是 主題句 1. Three reasons, in my mind, can account for this social phenomenon. 2. Several reasons can account for this phenomenon, 3. In my mind, the reasons why the Internet surfers are on

20、 the rise are as follows. 4. Have you ever thought of the famous proverb “A man is known by the company he keeps”? To me, it is meaningful and significant in three respects. 句式聯(lián)系法 Firstly,Secondly,Thirdly, For one thing,For another,Finally, In the first place,In the second place,Finally, On one hand

21、,On the other hand, First of all,In addition,Consequently, To begin with, whats more, last but not the least,模仿練習(xí): Video Games 1.許多學(xué)生沉迷于電子游戲/網(wǎng)絡(luò)聊天. 2.這一現(xiàn)象的原因是 3.解決辦法是 主題句 1. Three reasons, in my mind, can account for this social phenomenon. 2. Several reasons can account for this phenomenon, 3. In my

22、 mind, the reasons why the Internet surfers are on the rise are as follows. 4. Have you ever thought of the famous proverb “A man is known by the company he keeps”? To me, it is meaningful and significant in three respects. 句式聯(lián)系法 Firstly,Secondly,Thirdly, For one thing,For another,Finally, In the fi

23、rst place,In the second place,Finally, On one hand,On the other hand, First of all,In addition,Consequently, To begin with, whats more, last but not the least, 模仿練習(xí)： 1. 電影觀眾越來(lái)越少 2. 電視觀眾越來(lái)越多, 因?yàn)? . . 3. 然而還是有人喜歡看電影，因?yàn)? . . During the period between 1975 and 1985, film-goers declined abruptly from 85,

24、000 to about 12,000, while TV-watchers increased sharply from 5,000 to more than 100,000. Several reasons can account for this phenomenon. Compared with a film, TV is much cheaper and more convenient-you dont have to leave your house at all. Apart from that, you have many choices while watching TV,

25、but film concentrates on a certain topic. However, there are still a number of people who enjoy going to the cinema, generally for two reasons. On the one hand, the audiovisual effect of a cinema is much better. On the other hand, in quiet and comfortable place such as a cinema, you can concentrate

26、on what you are watching and get the most of the film. 開(kāi)頭段主題句1. From / According to the above picture /table/ chart/ diagram/ graph, we can see that/ it can be learned/ estimated/ predicted that . 2. As can be seen from the above picture /table/ chart/ diagram/ graph, great / dramatic changes have t

27、aken place in in/from to . 3. As demonstrated/ shown / illustrated / described / seen from the chart / table / graph, we can see that .寫作4作文的一點(diǎn)預(yù)測(cè)四級(jí)以應(yīng)用文為主準(zhǔn)備，其次是現(xiàn)象解釋型。 1. 應(yīng)用文：你一個(gè)正讀大學(xué)的好朋友給你來(lái)信說(shuō)他想放棄四級(jí)考試，請(qǐng)你給他寫一封信，勸說(shuō)他不要放棄。 2. 應(yīng)用文：因?yàn)閷W(xué)生證丟失，申請(qǐng)補(bǔ)辦，并說(shuō)明其對(duì)你的重要性 3. 現(xiàn)象解釋：自行車丟失現(xiàn)象很嚴(yán)重；其原因是；如何解決。 4. 記敘文：The experience o

28、f my first job 5. 祝賀信：祝賀你的同學(xué)李明得到獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金 舉例：1、勸說(shuō)信：不要放棄四級(jí)考試。 Dear Mary, Thank you for your letter dated June 2 which I reached me today. In the letter you said you wanted to give up the CET4 exam, and I am writing in the hope that you could hold up your spirit to take the exam and eventually pass it. As y

29、ou mentioned, English listening is your terrible dream. You can try the tape I sent to you with this letter. The tape was made by our college English teacher, which helped me a lot. You can also do some listening in the morning everyday. As for your vocabulary, you need to remember the words with se

30、ntences. Thirdly, you need to read at least 2 passages every day for the reason that reading takes much marks in the CET 4, and it can enlarge your vocabulary at the same time. I wish you can take my advice and pursue your English study. May you get a high mark in the coming CET 4. If there is anyth

31、ing I can help, please let me know. Sincerely yours, Li Ming 舉例：2. 應(yīng)用文：因?yàn)閷W(xué)生證丟失，申請(qǐng)補(bǔ)辦，并說(shuō)明其對(duì)你的重要性 Dear Sir or Madame, My name is Li Ming, a student of Business Department at our university. I am writing to re-question a new student identification card. A thief stole my wallet where I put it yesterday.

32、I have made every efforts to seek it back. However my dear card just simply disappeared with the thief. As you know, the student identification card is extremely useful for us. First of all, the CET 4 is drawing near, and I need it to enter the national test, which is held only two times a year. Bes

33、ides, the student identification card is also required in the library and it is a “must” for me to withdraw money from the bank. Please inform me when you have come to a decision. I am looking for your earlier reply. My telephone number is 54567xx. If further materials are required, I am only too wi

34、lling to forward to you. Many thanks, Sincerely yours, Li Ming 舉例：3. 尋物啟事，應(yīng)用文 Lost June 23, 2007 I am so careless that I lost my student identification card in the library. Yesterday afternoon, I was studying English at the back row of Room 204 and preparing for my exam today, but when I went for su

35、pper, I lost my dear card. As you know, the card is extremely useful for me. First of all, the CET 4 is drawing near, and I need it to enter the national test, which is held only two times a year. Besides, the student identification card is also required in the library and it is a “must” for me to w

36、ithdraw money from the bank. Will the finder please ring me up to fetch it back? My telephone number is 54567xx. I will be much obliged if anyone could help me. Yours 得高分四要素 a) 書寫卷面工整。（作文沒(méi)有草稿紙，也沒(méi)有打 草稿時(shí)間，要訓(xùn)練一次寫成功。） b) 不要全部套模塊。 c) 單詞句子要有亮點(diǎn)，比如：I think可以寫成：in my eyes; I firmly think; personally, I think

37、. d) 無(wú)重大語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤。如：Some people are begin; There are some people want ; Why happen these things? (Why+ 助動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ))等，考試會(huì)的得低分。寫作5走出英語(yǔ)作文的三大誤區(qū)誤區(qū)使用句型太復(fù)雜以致出錯(cuò)小作文的寫作強(qiáng)調(diào)的是內(nèi)容連貫，句子通順，語(yǔ)言流暢，并且句子與句子之間能夠用恰當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)聯(lián)詞銜接起來(lái)，并不要求寫出多復(fù)雜的句子。但有些考生理解為只有句子長(zhǎng)了，所用的從句多了才更純正，所以使用各種從句分詞等，致使文章言不達(dá)意，錯(cuò)誤百出，效果適得其反。誤區(qū)加入太多的想象成分，使內(nèi)容細(xì)節(jié)過(guò)多，文章冗長(zhǎng)學(xué)生在寫作中的一大擔(dān)心就是

38、文章的長(zhǎng)度不夠，再加上對(duì)于“可適當(dāng)增減細(xì)節(jié)，不可字對(duì)字的翻譯”的誤解，于是加入了很多離題較遠(yuǎn)的細(xì)節(jié)，亂了主題。不可字對(duì)字其實(shí)只要求學(xué)生不可簡(jiǎn)單照譯，并非不可翻譯。學(xué)生只要在理解寫作要求的基礎(chǔ)上以翻譯為主，在要點(diǎn)之間加上簡(jiǎn)練恰當(dāng)與必要的關(guān)聯(lián)詞和關(guān)聯(lián)句即可。翻譯要點(diǎn)可直譯也可意譯，但要恰當(dāng)準(zhǔn)確，用已學(xué)過(guò)的詞語(yǔ)與句型，切不可生搬硬造。誤區(qū)書寫不規(guī)范造成大量失分由于該卷的主觀性，作文的卷面分往往不只1、2分。因此寫作的規(guī)范與書法非常重要，甚至所用墨水的顏色也應(yīng)列入考慮之列，比如，淺色的墨水或油筆寫出的字就顯得亂，而深色的如碳素墨水則給人以整齊美觀的印象。這里介紹幾個(gè)應(yīng)注意的地方。1.好的開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾由于

39、評(píng)卷人的主觀性，好的開(kāi)頭與結(jié)尾往往給人以好的印象。一般開(kāi)頭不要寫得太羅嗦，要找著恰當(dāng)?shù)那腥朦c(diǎn)，快速入題，簡(jiǎn)潔明快。結(jié)尾同樣不拖泥帶水，最好還能適當(dāng)評(píng)論，寫出點(diǎn)睛之筆。2.用好關(guān)聯(lián)詞在寫作的過(guò)程中，以下關(guān)聯(lián)詞的應(yīng)用非常關(guān)鍵。比如，表并列的and，besides，aswellas，inadditionto，notonlybutalso，when，表遞進(jìn)的furthermore，whatsmore，whatsworse，表轉(zhuǎn)折的but，while，onthecontrary，ontheotherhand，however，表選擇的eitheror，whetheror，otherwise等。有了這些詞的

40、連接，就會(huì)使文章變得語(yǔ)句通順，層次清楚，有聲有色，考生勿需用很多的復(fù)合句也能讓評(píng)卷人感覺(jué)到你的水平不同一般。3.用好標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)、大小寫，安排好段落如果是漢語(yǔ)作文，學(xué)生大多注意標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)，但寫英語(yǔ)時(shí)一些考生就不夠認(rèn)真。一篇文章下來(lái)一逗到底，沒(méi)有標(biāo)點(diǎn)的變化，沒(méi)有大小寫，沒(méi)有段落劃分（一般以兩段為宜），讓人一看就煩，更不要說(shuō)得到好的分?jǐn)?shù)。4.用好情感詞語(yǔ)任何文章都有自己的觀點(diǎn)，英語(yǔ)小作文也不例外?？忌鷳?yīng)注意用一些能反映自己觀點(diǎn)的詞，否則文章就很干癟，沒(méi)有韻味。沒(méi)有人愿意讀沒(méi)有感情的作文。5.書寫清楚，整潔，規(guī)范寫作6 英語(yǔ)作文常用句型一、開(kāi)頭句型 我們常說(shuō)，良好的開(kāi)端等于成功的一半。做事如此，作文也是如

41、此。所以我們頗有必要在作文的開(kāi)頭花一番心思。 在寫議論文時(shí)，你通常以什么樣的方式開(kāi)頭呢？最簡(jiǎn)單也最常用的可能就是開(kāi)門見(jiàn)山法。也就是說(shuō)直截了當(dāng)?shù)靥岢瞿銓?duì)這個(gè)問(wèn)題的觀點(diǎn)，點(diǎn)出文章的中心思想。 Ihas both advantages and disadvantages既有利又有弊。例如： 1Obviously television has both advantages and disadvantages 2Living in a city has both advantages and disadvantages 3Compared with cars，bikes have their adva

42、ntages and disadvantages 舉一反三： 1Although computers bring people a lot of convenience，they have many disadvantages 2has many advantagesFor example，However，just as every coin has two sides，has its disadvantages（本例將利弊分開(kāi)講，轉(zhuǎn)折過(guò)渡自然。just as every coin has two sides也很值得背誦。） IIplay（s）an important role part in

43、在中扮演重要角色起重要作用。例如： 1Computers play an important role in science and technology 2Computers play a more and more important role in our life Computers play an increasingly important role in our studies 3Education plays an important part in developing our mind 4Addiction to alcohol and drugs play a role

44、in homelessness 舉一反三： 1Advertisement plays an informative role in our daily life 2In the past，letters played a decisive role in long-distance communicationBut now ，telephone，email，fax have taken their place IIIWith the development of，隨著的發(fā)展，例如： 1With the development of our economy，m any Chinese famil

45、ies can afford a car 2With the development of our economy and society，pollution is more and more serious 3With the rapid development of science and technology，people can get a college degree by taking online-courses at home 4With the current social and technological developments，employees with more

46、knowledge and higher academic degrees are needed 舉一反三： 1With the rapid increase of Chinas population，housing problem is becoming more and more serious 隨著中國(guó)人口的急劇增加，住房問(wèn)題越來(lái)越突出。 2With more and more women entering society，peoples attitude towards women is changing 隨著越來(lái)越多的婦女走入社會(huì)，人們對(duì)婦女的態(tài)度也在改變。 3With the de

47、epening of Chinese reform and opening up，an increasing number of Chinese families can afford a car隨著中國(guó)改革開(kāi)放的深入，越來(lái)越多的中國(guó)家庭買得起車了。（“越來(lái)越多”除了常用的more and more外，還可以用an increasing number of， a growing number of，a significant number of，a great number of等來(lái)表達(dá)。）本結(jié)構(gòu)看似固定，實(shí)則富于變化，只要記住with有“隨著”的意思，相信大家可以根據(jù)實(shí)際的需要造出更多的句子

48、。 我們已經(jīng)看到，開(kāi)門見(jiàn)山的開(kāi)頭使論文直切主題，直白明確地提出了論點(diǎn)。不過(guò)在討論某些有爭(zhēng)議性的問(wèn)題時(shí)，就顯得有欠缺，因?yàn)槲覀儽仨氃谖恼碌拈_(kāi)頭引出人們對(duì)要討論的問(wèn)題的不同看法，然后再表明自己的觀點(diǎn)。下面就是專門針對(duì)爭(zhēng)議性論文的一種句型。 IVWhen it comes to，some people think believe that，others argue claim that opposite reverse is trueThere is probably some truth in both arguments statements，but當(dāng)說(shuō)到，有些人認(rèn)為，但另一些人則持相反的觀點(diǎn)。

49、這兩種觀點(diǎn)可能都有點(diǎn)道理，但。 本結(jié)構(gòu)先用when it comes to 引出話題，再用someothers 這個(gè)對(duì)立的結(jié)構(gòu)引出了兩種相反的觀點(diǎn)，然后說(shuō)There is some truth in both表明嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)公正的態(tài)度，最后用but很自然地引出了自己的論點(diǎn)。請(qǐng)看下面這個(gè)例子： IV，a good thing or bad thing When it comes to TV，some people believe that it is extremely valuable，as it provides relaxation， entertainment and education Oth

50、ers argue that it is harmful for it begins to control our lives and deprives people of time to do other activitiesThere is probably some truth in both sidesBut we must realize that television itself is neither good or badIt is the uses to which it is put that determines its value to society 二、結(jié)尾句型 英

51、語(yǔ)議論文多以簡(jiǎn)要總結(jié)全文或?qū)λ懻摰膯?wèn)題提出解決辦法來(lái)結(jié)尾?？偨Y(jié)全文時(shí)除常用到in one a word，generally speaking等外，沒(méi)有固定模式。提出解決辦法時(shí)卻常使用下一句型。 Vtake measures to do sth例如： 1We should take measures to control pollution in order to save the world 2Wed better take effective measures to prevent students from cheating on exams 3The government decide

52、d to take strong measures against drug abuse 4Urgent measures should be taken to prevent terrorists from carrying out further attacks常用句型二一，開(kāi)頭句型1.As far as .is concerned 2.It goes without saying that.3.It can be said with certainty that.4.As the proverb says5.It has to be noticed that.6.Its generall

53、y recognized that.7.Its likely that8.Its hardly that.Its hardly too much to say that.What calls for special attention is that.需要特別注意的是Theres no denying the fact that.毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，無(wú)可否認(rèn)Nothing is more important than the fact that.whats far more important is that.二，銜接句型A case in point is .As is often the case.

54、As stated in the previous paragraph如前段所述But the problem is not so simple. Therefore然而問(wèn)題并非如此簡(jiǎn)單，所以But its a pity that.For all that.In spite of the fact that.Further, we hold opinion that.However , the difficult lies in.Similarly, we should pay attention to.not(that).but(that).不是，而是In view of the prese

55、nt station.鑒于目前形勢(shì)As has been mentioned above.In this respect, we many as well (say)從這個(gè)角度上我們可以說(shuō)However, we have to look at the other side of the coin, that is.然而我們還得看到事物的另一方面。三，結(jié)尾句型I will conclude by saying.Therefore, we have the reason to believe that.All things considered,總而言之It may be safely said

56、that.Therefore, in my opinion, its more advisable.It can be concluded from the discussion that.從中我們可以得出這樣的結(jié)論From my point of view, it would be better if.在我看來(lái)也許更好四，萬(wàn)能句型Lets take.to illustrate this.試舉例以茲證明lets take the above chart as an example to illustrate this.Its remains to be further studied.Ther

57、es question is how.so that, so.that.正式的英文寫作.切忌不要使用“I”“You”“We”等等主觀的稱謂！The most common mistakes:1. Use of questions.If you use a question it means you are questioning and not proving your point.Questions are best to be left out of essays because they are very passive and sometimes make holes in your

58、essay. When you confront a question, turn it into a statement: Example: What do you think that person should do?Change to:The person should do the following things to solve his/her problem.2. Use of and so on &etc. You cant put these in a formal essay. You must either identify what the so on and etc

59、 are or else just name three examples. The reader knows that you cannot possibly list every example or situation, but if you use so on and etc you are using non-formal language.Example: There are many types of religions in society: Judaism, Buddhism, Christianity and so on.Change to: There are many

60、types of religions in society such as Judaism, buddhism, Christianity, Jehovah Witnesses and Hinduism.3. Using I When writing a formal essay, you cannot use I think I feel(and other I type statements. Instead, use words like one and phrases like the reader or the audience. The reason we do this is,