英語(yǔ)閱讀在中學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)中有著十分重要的地位

1、.螆肀荿芇螞聿聿薂薈聿膁蒞袇肈芃薁螃肇莆莃蠆膆肅蕿薅螂膈莂蒁螂莀薇袀螁肀蒀螆螀膂蚆螞蝿芄蒈薈螈莇芁袆螇肆蕆螂袆腿艿蚈袆芁蒅薄裊羈羋薀襖膃薃衿袃芅莆螅袂莇薁蟻袁肇莄薇袀腿薀蒃羀節(jié)莃螁罿羈薈蚇羈肄莁蚃羇芆蚆蕿羆莈葿袈羅肈節(jié)螄羄膀蕆蝕羄芃芀薆肅羂蒆蒂肂肅艿螀肁膇蒄螆肀荿芇螞聿聿薂薈聿膁蒞袇肈芃薁螃肇莆莃蠆膆肅蕿薅螂膈莂蒁螂莀薇袀螁肀蒀螆螀膂蚆螞蝿芄蒈薈螈莇芁袆螇肆蕆螂袆腿艿蚈袆芁蒅薄裊羈羋薀襖膃薃衿袃芅莆螅袂莇薁蟻袁肇莄薇袀腿薀蒃羀節(jié)莃螁罿羈薈蚇羈肄莁蚃羇芆蚆蕿羆莈葿袈羅肈節(jié)螄羄膀蕆蝕羄芃芀薆肅羂蒆蒂肂肅艿螀肁膇蒄螆肀荿芇螞聿聿薂薈聿膁蒞袇肈芃薁螃肇莆莃蠆膆肅蕿薅螂膈莂蒁螂莀薇袀螁肀蒀螆螀膂蚆螞蝿芄

2、蒈薈螈莇芁袆螇肆蕆螂袆腿艿蚈袆芁蒅薄裊羈羋薀襖膃薃衿袃芅莆螅袂莇薁蟻袁肇莄薇袀腿薀蒃羀節(jié)莃螁罿羈薈蚇羈肄莁蚃羇芆蚆蕿羆莈葿袈羅肈節(jié)螄羄膀蕆蝕羄芃芀薆肅羂蒆蒂肂肅艿螀肁膇蒄螆肀荿芇螞聿聿薂薈聿膁蒞袇肈芃薁螃肇莆莃蠆膆肅蕿薅螂膈莂蒁螂莀薇袀螁肀 趙秀霞老師： 您好！你的以下文章見(jiàn)地深刻，條理清晰，在實(shí)際的教學(xué)實(shí)踐中有很強(qiáng)的可操作性，本培訓(xùn)中心擬將之選入資源庫(kù)作業(yè)集。以下是譯文，請(qǐng)你參考。閱讀技能復(fù)習(xí)備考計(jì)劃The program of reading skill and review for exam英語(yǔ)閱讀在中學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)中有著十分重要的地位。在我國(guó)的基礎(chǔ)教育中，提高學(xué)生的英語(yǔ)閱讀能力是中學(xué)英語(yǔ)教

3、學(xué)的重要目標(biāo)之一，英語(yǔ)閱讀是中學(xué)生英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的重要內(nèi)容手段。但是學(xué)生英語(yǔ)閱讀目前還存在以下特點(diǎn)：（1）學(xué)生英語(yǔ)閱讀受外部動(dòng)力驅(qū)使的因素較大，閱讀計(jì)劃性不強(qiáng)；（2）大多數(shù)學(xué)生英語(yǔ)閱讀時(shí)需要借助漢語(yǔ)思維，較多運(yùn)用詞、句意分析、推理判斷等策略，但句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析能力較差，推理判斷能力有待提高；（3）學(xué)生有閱讀自己感興趣材料的愿望，但還沒(méi)有建立起真正意義上的英語(yǔ)閱讀；（4）學(xué)生期盼教師傳授閱讀方法，訓(xùn)練閱讀技巧。Reading comprehension has a very important position in english teaching in middle school. In our ba

4、sic education, improving students english reading ability is one of important goals of english teaching. For students in middle school, english reading is an important matter and means of learning english. However, at present there are some problems for students reading as follows: (1) English readi

5、ng is usually driven by external factors, instead of their own firm reading program; (2) Most students need the help of chinese thinking while reading english, and more utilizing the strategy of the analysis of word, sentence and consequence, but the analysis ability of the sentence structure is poo

6、r, and the ability of reasoning and judgement needs to be improved; (3) The students have desire of reading the articles in which they are interested, but they havent established a true sense of the english reading; (4 ) Students are looking forward to being trained by the teachers for reading metho

7、ds and reading skills.事實(shí)上，閱讀理解是要求學(xué)生利用英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言獲取、接受或評(píng)價(jià)別人的觀點(diǎn)并分析相關(guān)問(wèn)題的綜合能力。要具備這種綜合能力，學(xué)生需要在以下幾個(gè)方面做出In fact, reading comprehension is the comprehensive ability to require students to use english language to acquire, accept or evaluate the views of others and analyze the relative questions. To have such a comp

8、rehensive ability, students need to make efforts in the following areas:一、 增加詞匯量詞匯量偏低是制約學(xué)生閱讀速度的瓶頸。如果考生只滿足于記住課本以內(nèi)的詞匯和用法，甚至連課本上的詞匯都要大打折扣，怎么能適應(yīng)大容量、快節(jié)奏的高考閱讀要求？因此，擴(kuò)大常用詞匯必須成為我們英語(yǔ)教學(xué)中一項(xiàng)常抓不懈的工作。擴(kuò)充詞匯主要有三個(gè)渠道：精讀、泛讀、構(gòu)詞。在課本教學(xué)時(shí)要特別重視對(duì)學(xué)生詞匯的考查，要通過(guò)聽(tīng)寫(xiě)、替換、造句等手段，促使學(xué)生首先記住課本上的基本詞匯。其次教師要重視學(xué)生的泛讀教學(xué)，通過(guò)補(bǔ)充大量英語(yǔ)課外讀物，讓學(xué)生在閱讀中復(fù)習(xí)詞匯、鞏固

9、詞匯、增加詞匯，并將補(bǔ)充詞匯納入考查范圍之內(nèi)。適當(dāng)教給學(xué)生一些基本的構(gòu)詞知識(shí)有助于學(xué)生快速、高效地積累詞匯，同時(shí)也為猜測(cè)生詞提供一定的參考依據(jù)，便于學(xué)生在閱讀過(guò)程中遇到生詞時(shí)能觀其形，知其意。I. Increase vocabulary Low vocabulary is the bottleneck constraining students to improve their reading speed. If they are just satisfied for remebering the vocabulary and usage on the text books, even the

10、 words on the tex tbook are also compromised, How can they adapt to the requirement of high-capacity, fast-paced reading in the college entrance exam? Therefore, the expansion of common english words must be our unremitting effort in our english teaching. There are three main channels for expanding

11、their vocabulary: intensive reading, extensive reading and word formation. We should pay special attention to the vocabulary test of the students during our textbooks teaching, through dictation, replace, making sentences and other means to encourage students to first remember the basic vocabulary o

12、n the textbook. Second, teachers should pay attention to the teaching of extensive reading, let students to review, consolidate and increase vocabulary through supplying plenty of english reading materials to students, and to add these words into the test range. Its helpful for the students to accum

13、ulate vocabulary efficiently if teaching them basic knowledge of word formation, in the meantime it can also provide a reference for guessing strange words, and facilitating students to understand the new words at the sight of its shape.二、擴(kuò)大知識(shí)面閱讀速度與閱讀材料所涉及的話題有很大的關(guān)系。如果閱讀材料是自己熟悉的內(nèi)容，閱讀速度就會(huì)自然加快；反之，如果閱讀材

14、料所涉及的是非常陌生的話題，閱讀速度便會(huì)很慢。所以增加一些題材廣泛的泛讀，擴(kuò)大學(xué)生的知識(shí)面，讓學(xué)生多掌握一些文化背景知識(shí)，了解當(dāng)今英語(yǔ)國(guó)家歷史文化、人物傳記、科技教育等方面的社會(huì)知識(shí)對(duì)提高閱讀速度是極其重要的，即便是增加非英語(yǔ)閱讀也有助于英語(yǔ)閱讀速度的提高。因此，除了教材外，我們還應(yīng)該重視泛讀教學(xué)，要選定一種內(nèi)容廣泛、話題時(shí)興、難度適當(dāng)?shù)膰?guó)內(nèi)外優(yōu)秀英語(yǔ)教材，（如New Concept English，Oxford English，the Multicultural Workshop等）作為泛讀課本，并將其列入正式的教學(xué)計(jì)劃，與精讀一起進(jìn)行考查。另外，還要鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生多讀英語(yǔ)報(bào)刊、雜志，切勿將英語(yǔ)教

15、學(xué)局限在有限的課文教學(xué)之內(nèi)，否則，想要大幅度提高閱讀速度就是不現(xiàn)實(shí)的。II. Expanding knowledgeReading speed is relative to the topic involved in the reading materials. If you are familiar with the reading material, reading speed will naturally speed up; on the other hand, if the reading material is involved in a strange topic, reading

16、 speed will be very slow. So increasing some extensive reading involved in comprehensive subject, expanding students knowledge, requiring students to understand the history and culture, personal biographies, science and technology education and other aspects of social knowledge of today's englis

17、h-speaking countries, are very important to improve the reading speed, even the increase of the non-english reading can also help to improve english reading speed. Therefore, in addition to teaching textbooks, we also should pay attention to extensive reading to a wide range of content, the current

18、topic, the domestic and abroad excellent english teaching materials with appropriate difficulty, (E.g. New Concept English, Oxford English, the Multicultural Workshop etc.), and plusing it to the official teaching program, together with the intensive reading for test. Also, encouraging students to r

19、ead more english newspapers and magazines, not limited to the limited text teaching, otherwise, it is unrealistic to dramatically increase reading speed.朗讀顯示對(duì)應(yīng)的拉丁字符的拼音三、 克服不良閱讀習(xí)慣，堅(jiān)持意群閱讀在快速閱讀過(guò)程中，應(yīng)注意克服一些不良閱讀習(xí)慣以促進(jìn)閱讀速度有效提高。常見(jiàn)的不良閱讀習(xí)慣有：指讀、聲讀和回視。指讀是指為了在閱讀時(shí)能集中注意力，同學(xué)們常常用手指、鉛筆、尺子等指著一個(gè)個(gè)的字或放在這些字的下面閱讀。指讀減慢了閱讀速度，

20、分散讀者的注意力，因此，閱讀中一定要克服這個(gè)毛病。聲讀一般有三種形式：出聲讀、默讀和心讀。事實(shí)證明，閱讀速度緩慢一般都是因?yàn)樽x者采用了某種聲讀的方式，所以要提高閱讀速度就必須自覺(jué)地克服這種習(xí)慣?；匾曈纸蟹底x或復(fù)視。如果我們?cè)陂喿x中多次返回重讀，既會(huì)影響速度，也會(huì)影響理解。所謂意群，就是有意義的短語(yǔ)和語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。意群閱讀是以意群而不是單詞為最小閱讀單位的一種快速閱讀方法。它不僅可以提高閱讀速度，而且有利于對(duì)句子的整體理解，而不是死摳字眼，逐詞理解。因此，堅(jiān)持意群閱讀，要克服以下不良習(xí)慣：指字讀、聲讀、不斷回視；一次一詞。III. Overcome bad reading habits, adher

21、e to the meaning-group readingIn the course of fast-reading, in order to promote effective improvement of reading speed, should pay attention to overcome some bad reading habits. There are several common bad reading habits: point reading, sound reading and review.Point reading means that students of

22、ten use their fingers, pencils and rulers etc. to point the word one by one so that they can focus on the article while reading. Point reading slow down your reading speed and disturb your attention, therefore, this bad habit must be overcomed. Sound reading usually include three cases: sound readin

23、g, silent reading and heart reading. Fact proved that slowing down of reading speed are usually due to one kind of sound reading, so in order to improve the reading speed, students must consciously overcome this habit.Review is also named as return reading or repeat reading. If we return to re-read

24、several times in reading, not only will it affect the speed, but also affect the understanding.The so-called meaning-group, is meaningful phrases and grammatical structures. Meaning-group reading is a kind of fast reading method based on the smallest reading unit as meaning-group, instead of word. I

25、t not only can improve the reading speed, but conducive to the overall understanding of the sentence, rather than snatching word one by one to understand. Therefore, adhere to meaning-group reading need to overcome these bad habits: point reading, sound reading,repeat reading and word by word.四、 掌握閱

26、讀技巧，使用文題文閱讀方式對(duì)于怎樣在提高閱讀速度的同時(shí)，又能提高做題的準(zhǔn)確性，歷來(lái)有三種閱讀方法：IV. Master reading skills, adopt the reading way of article - question articleHow to improve the reading speed and the accuracy of the answer? There areusually three reading methods:1、 先文后題。即先把全文讀懂，然后做題。這種方法的缺點(diǎn)是在讀懂全文的同時(shí)，容易降低讀速。另外，由于閱讀的目的性不明確，記住的細(xì)節(jié)內(nèi)容未必

27、有用，有用的內(nèi)容未必記住。答題時(shí)仍需到短文中去尋找，實(shí)際上等于降低了讀速，降低了效率。1. First article and then question. It also to say reading the article first, and then answer the questions. The shortage of this method is easy to slow down reading speed while understand the full article. In addition, because the purpose of reading is not

28、 clear, the details you remembered may not be useful, and the useful content you might not remember. So you still need look for the answer in the article, it actually reduced reading speed, and reduced efficiency.2、先題后文。即先讀問(wèn)題，然后帶著問(wèn)題讀文章。這種方法的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是目的明確，在閱讀時(shí)有所側(cè)重，能節(jié)省時(shí)間。缺點(diǎn)在于沒(méi)有讀過(guò)短文，不了解文章的主題、細(xì)節(jié)分布情況，因而不可能很快找到

29、所需信息，但這種方法比較適合于類(lèi)似廣告性質(zhì)的閱讀理解題。2. First question and then article. That is, first read the question, and then read the article with the questions. This method has the advantage of clear purpose, emphasis while reading, and save time. For you havent read the article, the disadvantage of this method is t

30、hat you do not understand the subject and details of the article, and therefore can not quickly find the information you need, but this method is more suitable to the kind of Reading Comprehension such as advertising. 3、文題文閱讀。即先快速通讀全文，對(duì)文章形成總體印象，然后讀問(wèn)題，再將全文認(rèn)真讀一遍，最后回答問(wèn)題，這個(gè)過(guò)程列表如下：3. Article-question-art

31、icle reading. That is, first quickly read through the full article and get an overall impression of it, then read the question,and then read the article carefully, and finally answer the question, the process is listed as follows:1 通讀閱讀材料速度（快速/略讀/覽讀）掌握主旨大意1). Reading through the articleSpeed (rapid/

32、extensive reading/skim reading)Master the main theme2 粗讀思考題速度明確考查重點(diǎn)，以便排除干擾項(xiàng)2) Roughly reading questionsSpeedClarify the test emphasis, and eliminate the other interference3 復(fù)讀閱讀材料通篇跳讀（尋讀）局部精讀理解全篇，初選答案3) Repeat reading the articleThroughout skip reading (seek reading), portioning intensive readingThr

33、oughout understand the article, and roughly select the answer 4 解答思考題精讀（細(xì)讀）確定答案該種方法避免了前兩種方法的缺點(diǎn)，使同學(xué)們?cè)诳焖匍喿x的過(guò)程中了解全文的題材、主要結(jié)構(gòu)、中心思想、主題段、主題句。在跳讀時(shí)，一目十行，目光自上而下尋視與答題內(nèi)容有關(guān)的詞句，無(wú)關(guān)的內(nèi)容掠過(guò)，使回答有關(guān)who，what，when，where等文章細(xì)節(jié)問(wèn)題時(shí)，能很快找到答案，這樣既提高了做題的準(zhǔn)確性，又能有效地利用時(shí)間。因此，文題文閱讀理解方法是多數(shù)人采用的，可提高閱讀速度的有效方法。4) Answer the questionsIntensive

34、 reading (carefully reading)Determine the answerThis method avoid the shortcomings of the previous two methods, and enable students to understand the theme, the main structure, the main idea, main paragraph, topic sentence while read rapidly. In the skip reading, read rapidly, search for the sentenc

35、e and word related to the answer, and neglect the insignificant content, so that the students can quickly find answers as they answer the question with who, what, when, where and other details of the article, Thus it did not only improve the accuracy of the answers, but utilize time effectually. Therefore, Article-question-article reading method is mainly used, it is an effective way to improve reading speed.五、注重長(zhǎng)句、復(fù)雜句的理解近幾年的高考閱讀理解題十分注重借助復(fù)雜語(yǔ)境考查考生對(duì)語(yǔ)言語(yǔ)法知識(shí)綜合運(yùn)用能力。所選閱讀材料均有大量復(fù)雜單句和復(fù)雜復(fù)合句，獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)等高級(jí)語(yǔ)法；復(fù)合句采用多種從句疊現(xiàn)的復(fù)雜句型，來(lái)增強(qiáng)句子結(jié)構(gòu)的復(fù)雜性和語(yǔ)境理解難度。所以，理解長(zhǎng)句、復(fù)雜句成了考生順利理解閱讀材料，提高閱讀速度的關(guān)鍵。V. F