M3unit3grammar賓補(bǔ)

1、UNIT 3Grammar and usageu Object complementu Either or and neither noru Subject-verb agreement Tasks 英語的五個基本句型結(jié)構(gòu)：英語的五個基本句型結(jié)構(gòu)： S 十十 V 主謂結(jié)構(gòu)主謂結(jié)構(gòu) He runs quickly S 十十 V 十十 P 主系表結(jié)構(gòu)主系表結(jié)構(gòu) The story sounds interesting S 十十 V 十十 O 主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu) They built a house last year S 十十 V 十十 O1 十十 O2 主謂雙賓結(jié)構(gòu)主謂雙賓結(jié)構(gòu) He offe

2、red me his seat / his seat to me S 十十 V 十十 O 十十 C 主謂賓補(bǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)主謂賓補(bǔ)結(jié)構(gòu) They found her happy that day - Did you find anything special when you went to the classroom?- No, I didnt. - You , didnt you?- Oh, yes. But I An object complement , which gives information about the object, can be a noun, a noun phrase,

3、 an adjective, a to-infinitive, a bare infinitive, or a prepositional phrase. 賓語補(bǔ)足語是補(bǔ)充賓語的成分賓語補(bǔ)足語是補(bǔ)充賓語的成分,通常置于賓語通常置于賓語之后。之后。 賓語賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語賓語補(bǔ)足語=復(fù)合賓語。復(fù)合賓語?？梢钥梢杂米髻e補(bǔ)的有名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短用作賓補(bǔ)的有名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、動詞不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞。語、動詞不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞。1、名詞名詞 We made him our monitor. They named their daughter Jenny. 注：注：常用名

4、詞充當(dāng)賓語補(bǔ)足語的動詞有常用名詞充當(dāng)賓語補(bǔ)足語的動詞有： call, name, elect, make, think, choose, find, consider, keep, wish, feel等。等。 注：注：充當(dāng)賓語補(bǔ)足語的名詞若表示正式充當(dāng)賓語補(bǔ)足語的名詞若表示正式的或獨(dú)一無二的頭銜、職位時(shí)，前面一般的或獨(dú)一無二的頭銜、職位時(shí)，前面一般不用冠詞。不用冠詞。 They elected John chairman of the committee.2、形容詞、形容詞 You should keep your room clean and tidy. 注：注：常用形容詞充當(dāng)賓語補(bǔ)足語的

5、動詞有：常用形容詞充當(dāng)賓語補(bǔ)足語的動詞有：believe, think, get, keep, make, find, consider, have, leave, paint, drive等。等。 I found the door open in the daytime. 副詞副詞 I found him out 介詞短語介詞短語 I 3、現(xiàn)在、現(xiàn)在/過去分詞過去分詞 Im sorry to have you waiting for so long. At this moment she noticed Jack coming in. 當(dāng)當(dāng)現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞充當(dāng)賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，它與賓語之充當(dāng)賓語

6、補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，它與賓語之間有著間有著主謂關(guān)系。主謂關(guān)系。 I once heard this song sung in Japanese. I didnt want the children taken out in such weather. They wanted the work _ with great care. 當(dāng)當(dāng)過去分詞過去分詞充當(dāng)賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，它與賓語之充當(dāng)賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，它與賓語之間有著間有著動賓關(guān)系。動賓關(guān)系。to be done4、不定式、不定式I saw him come in and go out我見他進(jìn)來又出去。我見他進(jìn)來又出去。I ask you to enjoy E

7、nglish.使用不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，不定式符號使用不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，不定式符號 to 的取舍問題：的取舍問題：1). 在感官動詞在感官動詞 hear, listen to, see, watch, notice, observe和和使役動詞使役動詞 let, have, make等動詞后的不定式等動詞后的不定式需省去需省去 to 。 但變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時(shí)但變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時(shí),不定式的不定式的to要還原。要還原。 I saw him cross/crossing the road. He was seen_/ _ the road. 感官動詞和使役動詞的賓補(bǔ)也可以是現(xiàn)在分詞或過去分詞。感官動詞和

8、使役動詞的賓補(bǔ)也可以是現(xiàn)在分詞或過去分詞。 The machine doesnt work. I must have it repaired now. 2) help 一詞后的不定式，可帶一詞后的不定式，可帶 to，也可，也可 以不帶以不帶 to。 3) v + sb. + to do sth. 結(jié)構(gòu)中的動詞結(jié)構(gòu)中的動詞, 所接的賓補(bǔ)一般是不定式。所接的賓補(bǔ)一般是不定式。 advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, expect, force, get, help, inspire, invite, order, permit, persuade, remind, requ

9、est, require, teach, tell, train, want, warn, wish等等 一感二聽三使五看一感二聽三使五看 一感覺：一感覺：feel 二聽：二聽： listen to, hear 三使動：三使動：let, have, make 五看：五看： look at, see, watch, notice, observe注：主動不帶注：主動不帶to，被動要加被動要加to 在復(fù)合賓語中，賓語通常為名詞或代詞，但有在復(fù)合賓語中，賓語通常為名詞或代詞，但有時(shí)也可以用不定式（短語）或時(shí)也可以用不定式（短語）或that從句來充當(dāng)從句來充當(dāng)。這時(shí)，應(yīng)使用先行。這時(shí)，應(yīng)使用先行it代

10、替賓語，而將真正的代替賓語，而將真正的賓語移到句子的后部，賓語移到句子的后部， I felt it necessary to speak about our shortcomings. We all thought it a pity that you couldnt join us. 注意：注意：在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中，賓語補(bǔ)足語通常為名詞在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中，賓語補(bǔ)足語通常為名詞或形容詞；常用于這種結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞有：或形容詞；常用于這種結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞有： feel, find, think, make, take, consider 等。等。l More examples with an object comple

11、ment(1) We made him chairman of our Students Union.(2) I find the novel interesting and amusing.(3) Please keep the cat out.(4) I am often kept at home all day long on Sunday.Choose the best answers.1. Dont leave the water _while you brush your teeth. A. run B. running C. being run D. to run2. Laws

12、that punish parents for their little childrens actions against the laws get parents_. A. worried B. to worry C. worrying D. worry3. He looked around and caught a man_ his hand into the pocket of a passenger. A. put B. to be putting C. to put D. putting 4. The teacher asked us _ so much noise. A. don

13、t make B. not make C. not making D. not to make5. The maid is coming today. Well have her _ the windows. A. washed B. to washing C. to wash D. wash6. We found many old people _ at the back of the house, smoking and talking. A. sat B. sit C. seat D. seatedE. sittingl Fill in the blanks with the right

14、 form of the given verbs:(1) _ (have) your classmates finished their homework?(2) My friend and I _ (want) to play outside after watching TV.(3) Most of the students _ (prefer) English to Mathematics.(4) _ (have) all of the cake been eaten up?Have wantpreferHave / has (5) Collecting stamps _ (be) on

15、e of his favorite pastimes.(6) _ (be) your family a big one?(7) All my family _ (get) up early in the morning.(8) Neither his father nor his mother _ (play) the piano.(9) The remains of the old castle _ (be) destroyed in World War Two.(10) Not only Jim but also his parents _ (be) going to see you next Sunday.isIs getplayswerearelMultiple choice:1. About eighty percent of the students in his class _ below sixteen. A. is B. are C. am D. be2. There _ a map of the world and some pictures on the wall. A. is B. are C. am D. be3. A large quantity of water pipes _ needed. A. are