必修五第二單元Useful words and expressions

1、Unit 2The United KingdomUseful words and expressionsMatch the following useful words according to their English meaning.consist ofaccomplishdivideintoclarifybreak away (from)to succeed in doing sth.separate intobe made up ofescape from someonecause sth. to become clear or easier to understandto make

2、 someone like or admire enjoyableconvenienceattractcollectionleave out the quality of being useful and convenientfail to include a person or thinga group of objects that have been collectedproviding pleasure or happiness Useful phrases consist of divide into be linked to refer to as well be joined t

3、o1. break away由由組成組成把把分成分成連接連接, 聯(lián)系聯(lián)系提到；講起提到；講起也也與與相連相連脫離；掙脫（束縛）脫離；掙脫（束縛）8. to ones credit9. for convenience10. be known as11. settle in12. look around13. leave out值得贊揚(yáng)；為值得贊揚(yáng)；為帶來榮帶來榮譽(yù)譽(yù)為了方便為了方便, 為了實用為了實用被稱作被稱作 , 以以 著稱著稱安頓安頓, 適應(yīng)適應(yīng)環(huán)視；到處看環(huán)視；到處看省去省去, 不考慮不考慮, 遺漏遺漏Language points1. How many countries does t

4、he UK consist of? consist vi. 在于在于, 存在于存在于; 組成組成, 構(gòu)成構(gòu)成 習(xí)慣搭配：習(xí)慣搭配： 1) consist of 由由組成組成, 由由構(gòu)成構(gòu)成, 包括包括 (注意注意: 不能用于被動語態(tài)和進(jìn)行時態(tài)不能用于被動語態(tài)和進(jìn)行時態(tài)) 相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于 be made up of This club consists of more than 200 members. A university consists of teachers, administrators and students. 2) consist in 在于在于, 存在于存在于 The bea

5、uty of the picture consists in its balance of colors.3) consist with 與與一致一致, 符合符合 The report does not consist with the fact. 2. England can be divided into three main areas. divide v. 分分, 劃分；分裂劃分；分裂 The teacher divided our class into four groups. The children divided up the candy among themselves. W

6、e shall not let such a small matter divide us. divide的常用搭配的常用搭配: divide into 把把 分成分成 divide sth. among / between 在在 中分配中分配 divide A from B 使分離使分離; 使分開使分開 divide by 用用除以除以divide, separate都有都有“分開分開”之意之意 divide指把一個整體按要求分成幾個部分，指把一個整體按要求分成幾個部分， 暗示分配之意；也可指分開兩個對立的暗示分配之意；也可指分開兩個對立的 事物。事物。separate指把兩個人或物分開，著

7、重從原屬指把兩個人或物分開，著重從原屬 一個整體中移居一部分或把兩者隔開。一個整體中移居一部分或把兩者隔開。知識拓展知識拓展The world is divided into five continents.Lets divide the cake into three.He separated the big eggs from the small ones.The two communities are separated by a highway. 1). The apple was _ into two.2). We _the money equally.3). Oxygen can

8、be _ from water.4). The Taiwan Strait _ Taiwan from Fujian.divideddividedseparatedseparates小試身手小試身手3. There is no need to debate any more about why different words are used to describe the four countries: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Island. 句中句中why引導(dǎo)賓語從句引導(dǎo)賓語從句, 作介詞作介詞about的賓語。的賓語。Mary wrot

9、e an article on _ the team had failed to win the game. (2005 全國全國I) A. why B. what C. who D. that 解析：答案是解析：答案是A。why引導(dǎo)賓語從句，引導(dǎo)賓語從句，作介詞作介詞on的賓語。句意的賓語。句意“瑪麗在寫一篇瑪麗在寫一篇關(guān)于這個隊為什么沒有贏得比賽的報關(guān)于這個隊為什么沒有贏得比賽的報告告”。小試身手小試身手1) There is no need to do sth. 沒有必要做某事沒有必要做某事 There is no need (for you) to come if you dont w

10、ant to. Is there any need to explain any further？ 類似句型有：類似句型有：Theres no time to do sth. 沒有時間做某事沒有時間做某事There was / is no doubt . 毫無疑問毫無疑問.2) debate v. & n. 辯論辯論, 討論討論 What are they debating (about)? She debated whether to accept his invitation. After a long debate, the House of Commons approved the b

11、ill.debate 短語：短語： debate about / on / upon sth. 爭論某事爭論某事 debate with oneself 心中盤算心中盤算 under debate 在辯論中在辯論中 beyond debate 無疑義無疑義; 無可爭辯無可爭辯 open a debate 開始辯論開始辯論知識拓展知識拓展argue, quarrel, debate, discuss, reason這些動這些動詞均含詞均含“辯論，爭論，說理辯論，爭論，說理”之意。之意。argue指提出理由或證據(jù)為自己或自己一方的指提出理由或證據(jù)為自己或自己一方的 看法或立場辯護(hù)，著重說理、論證和

12、企圖看法或立場辯護(hù)，著重說理、論證和企圖 說服。說服。quarrel指兩人之間或兩個團(tuán)體之間不友好指兩人之間或兩個團(tuán)體之間不友好 的、吵吵嚷嚷地大聲爭論某事，尤指的、吵吵嚷嚷地大聲爭論某事，尤指“吵吵 嘴、吵架嘴、吵架”。知識拓展知識拓展debate側(cè)重指意見等對立的雙方之間正式側(cè)重指意見等對立的雙方之間正式 或公開的爭辯。或公開的爭辯。discuss最常用詞，指就某一或某些問題表最常用詞，指就某一或某些問題表 明觀點、看法等，以便統(tǒng)一認(rèn)識，解明觀點、看法等，以便統(tǒng)一認(rèn)識，解 決問題。決問題。reason指據(jù)理力爭以說服對方或求得對問指據(jù)理力爭以說服對方或求得對問 題作更深入的研究。題作更深入

13、的研究。 4. You can easily clarify any problems if you study British history. clarify vt. 澄清澄清, 講清楚講清楚; 闡明闡明 vi.得到澄清得到澄清; 變得明晰變得明晰I hope that what I say will clarify the situation.His mind suddenly clarified. clarify matters 澄清真相澄清真相clarify ones stand 闡明自己的立場闡明自己的立場clarification n. 澄清澄清clarity n. 清澈；透明清

14、澈；透明知識拓展知識拓展5. Happily this was accomplished without conflict accomplish vt. 完成；實現(xiàn)完成；實現(xiàn)They didnt accomplish the purpose desired. They have accomplished their task successfully. The journey was accomplished in five weeks. The best way to _ the goal is to do it at once. A. complete B. make C. accompl

15、ish D. realize小試身手小試身手Ccomplete, finish, end, conclude, accomplish這些動詞均含這些動詞均含“結(jié)束，完成結(jié)束，完成”之意。之意。complete: 側(cè)重指完成預(yù)定的任務(wù)或使某事側(cè)重指完成預(yù)定的任務(wù)或使某事 完善，補(bǔ)足缺少的部分等。完善，補(bǔ)足缺少的部分等。finish: 在多數(shù)情況下與在多數(shù)情況下與complete換用，但不換用，但不 及及complete正式，指完成應(yīng)做的事，強(qiáng)調(diào)正式，指完成應(yīng)做的事，強(qiáng)調(diào) 事情的了結(jié)、終止。事情的了結(jié)、終止。知識拓展知識拓展end: 最普通用詞，著重事情的完成。也指某最普通用詞，著重事情的完成。也

16、指某 種活動因達(dá)到目的而自然結(jié)束或由于某種種活動因達(dá)到目的而自然結(jié)束或由于某種 原因而突然中止。原因而突然中止。conclude: 正式用詞，多指以某事或活動達(dá)到正式用詞，多指以某事或活動達(dá)到 預(yù)期目的而告終。預(yù)期目的而告終。accomplish: 正式用詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)一個過程的完正式用詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)一個過程的完 成；也可指依靠努力達(dá)到一定目的，或取成；也可指依靠努力達(dá)到一定目的，或取 得一定的結(jié)果。得一定的結(jié)果。conflict n. 沖突，矛盾，斗爭，戰(zhàn)斗沖突，矛盾，斗爭，戰(zhàn)斗 vi. 沖突，爭執(zhí)沖突，爭執(zhí) Armed conflict is likely to break out between t

17、he two countries. The hours of the two meetings conflict. If so, your points of view will conflict with his. conflict with 抵觸抵觸,與與 . 沖突沖突 in conflict with 和和 . 有矛盾有矛盾,不一致不一致6. However, just as they were going to get Ireland connected to form the United Kingdom, the Southern part of that country brok

18、e away to form its own government. get Ireland connected 是是get sth. done的結(jié)構(gòu)，的結(jié)構(gòu)，意思是意思是“使某物使某物/事被做事被做”，sth.與與 done 存存在邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系。在邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系。 get sb. to do 使某人做某事使某人做某事Our teacher got us to finish our homework in class. get sb. done“使某人被使某人被/處于處于的狀態(tài)的狀態(tài)”, sb. 與與done存在邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系。存在邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系。The mother gets he

19、r baby hanged on her back.The police got him defined in the room. have sb. do sth:讓讓 / 叫叫 / 使某人做某事使某人做某事have sth. done:無意識的被動行為或有意識的無意識的被動行為或有意識的 讓別人替自己做事讓別人替自己做事 have sb. / sth. doing sth: 使使 一直一直 The boss often has them work for 14 hours a day. The patient is going to have his temperature taken. I

20、ll have the bike repaired tomorrow. You cant have him waiting in the rain.break away 掙脫掙脫, 逃脫逃脫The prisoner broke away from his guards.Can you break away from old habits?What can we do to help them break away from the difficult position?break away from 脫離，逃說，與脫離，逃說，與斷絕來斷絕來往往 / 改變某種習(xí)慣改變某種習(xí)慣We tried t

21、o break away from him.Hes broken away from his family.Cant you break away from old habits?break的習(xí)慣搭配的習(xí)慣搭配: break down 拋錨拋錨, 出故障出故障, 身體跨了身體跨了 break into 闖入闖入, 突然發(fā)出突然發(fā)出 break out (戰(zhàn)爭、瘟疫、火災(zāi)戰(zhàn)爭、瘟疫、火災(zāi)) 爆發(fā)爆發(fā) break off 中斷中斷 break in 打斷打斷 break the rules 違反規(guī)則違反規(guī)則 break a record 打破記錄打破記錄6. To their credit the

22、 four countries do work together in some areas ( eg. the currency and international relations), . credit n. 信任；贊揚(yáng)；信貸信任；贊揚(yáng)；信貸 The credit for this invention goes to Mr. Lodge and his collaborators. did not give credit to her story. He bought the furniture on credit. to ones credit 值得贊揚(yáng)值得贊揚(yáng) It is great

23、ly to your credit that you gave back the money you found.7. England is the largest of the four countries and for convenience it is divided roughly into three zones. convenience n. 方便方便, 便利；便利的事便利；便利的事 I keep my reference books near my desk for convenience. Its a great convenience to live in town.con

24、venient adj. 適合需要的適合需要的,方便的方便的習(xí)慣搭配習(xí)慣搭配: at ones convenience 在方便的時候在方便的時候 for (the sake of) convenience 為了方便起見為了方便起見 make a convenience of sb. 利用某人利用某人 8. Which country is left out?leave out 省去，不考慮，遺漏省去，不考慮，遺漏 They must decide what to leave out. She left out the date on the cheque. leave的常用搭配的常用搭配: l

25、eave for 出發(fā)去出發(fā)去 leave behind 留下，遺留留下，遺留 leave . alone 不管，不理，聽其自然不管，不理，聽其自然 leave to 留某事給留某事給 . 處理，委托處理，委托 9. All of the words below can take the place of said, take the place of 代替，取代代替，取代 Nowadays plastics have taken the place of many conventional materials. take ones place入座、就位，坐某人的座位，入座、就位，坐某人的座位

26、，代替某人代替某人Take your place, please. We are about to start.Mr. Green is ill. Who will take his place to give us lessons?take place 發(fā)生，舉行發(fā)生，舉行The ceremony should take place on Thursday. 一、根據(jù)首字母或漢語提示用單詞的正確一、根據(jù)首字母或漢語提示用單詞的正確形式填空。形式填空。 1. The c_ between the employers and the workers has finally been settle

27、d.2. We have a_ a great deal of the project in the last few months.3. What a_ me most to the house was its beautiful garden. conflict accomplishedattracted 4. The flower show _ (吸引吸引) large crowds this year.5. The hotel has a restaurant for the guests _ (方便方便) .6. The report aimed to _ (闡明闡明) how th

28、ese conclusions were reached.attractedconvenience clarify 二、用方框內(nèi)短語的適當(dāng)形式填空二、用方框內(nèi)短語的適當(dāng)形式填空(每個短語每個短語 限用一次限用一次)。 consist of, divide into, break out, refer to, pick up, break away, to ones credit, leave out 1. This word has been spelt incorrectly, and youve _ a letter.2. The Lugouqiao Incident _in 19373.

29、 Our class is like a big family, _ forty-five students.4. The boy _ the hat for the old man. left out broke out consisting ofpicked up5. While he was making the speech, he always _ his notes.6. _, Mary told others what had happened that morning.7. The southern part of Ireland _ from the English government in 192