高考英語“短文改錯”解題指導(dǎo)及備考建議(一)

1、 “短文改錯短文改錯”解題指導(dǎo)及解題指導(dǎo)及備考備考建議建議（2-1）一、一、福建卷與全國卷的總體差異福建卷與全國卷的總體差異1、2015年福建卷年福建卷第第卷卷（選擇題 共115分）第一部分第一部分 聽力聽力 （共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第二部分第二部分 英語知識運用英語知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié) 單項填空 (共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)第二節(jié) 完形填空（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）第三部分第三部分 閱讀理解閱讀理解（共20小題，每小題2分，滿分40分）第第卷卷（非選擇題 共35分）第四部分第四部分 寫作寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié) 短文填詞短文填詞 （共10小題；

2、每小題1分，滿分10分） 閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)以下提示：閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)以下提示：1）漢語提示，）漢語提示，2）首字母）首字母提示，提示，3)語境提示，在每個空格內(nèi)填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)挠⒄Z單語境提示，在每個空格內(nèi)填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)挠⒄Z單詞，所填單詞要求意義準(zhǔn)確，拼寫正確，并將該詞完整地詞，所填單詞要求意義準(zhǔn)確，拼寫正確，并將該詞完整地寫在答題卡中相應(yīng)的橫線上。寫在答題卡中相應(yīng)的橫線上。第二節(jié) 書面表達（滿分25分）2、2015年年全國全國卷卷題型題型第第卷卷第一部分第一部分 聽力聽力 （共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第二部分第二部分 閱讀理解閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分） 第一節(jié) 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選

3、項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項，（共15小題，每小題2分，滿分30分） 第二節(jié) 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。（共5小題，每小題2分，滿分10分）第三部分第三部分 英語知識運用英語知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié) 完形填空（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）第二節(jié) 閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。（共10小題，每小題1.5分，滿分15分）第第卷卷第四部分第四部分 寫作寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)第一節(jié) 短文改錯短文改錯 文中共有文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有處語言錯誤，每句中最

4、多有兩處。錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。（共兩處。錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。（共10小題，每小題小題，每小題1分，滿分分，滿分10分）分）第二節(jié) 書面表達（滿分25分）二、“短文改錯短文改錯”的變化的變化1、福建卷、福建卷 “短文改錯短文改錯”“短文填詞短文填詞” “短文改錯短文改錯”2、全國卷全國卷 2013年前年前，對標(biāo)題號的每一行做出判斷對標(biāo)題號的每一行做出判斷。 2013年起，每句中最多有兩處年起，每句中最多有兩處。 2013年年前前“短文改錯短文改錯”的要求的要求第四部分：寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分） 第一節(jié) 短文改錯（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分） 此題要求

5、改正所給短文中的錯誤，對標(biāo)題號的每一行做出判斷：如無錯誤，在該行右邊的橫線上劃（）；如果有錯誤（每行只有一個錯誤），則按下列情況改正。 此行多一個詞：把多余的詞用斜線劃掉，在該行右邊橫線上寫出該詞，并也用斜線劃掉。 此行缺一個詞：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（），在該行右邊橫線上寫出該加的詞。 此行錯一個詞：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，在該行右邊橫線上寫出改正后的詞。 注意：原行沒有錯的不要改。 I have a good friend whos name is Liu Mei. She is our 76_ monitor and one of the excellent students in our

6、class. 77_ Clever as she is, but she works very hard. We have a 78_ lot on common and have a lot to talk about. One evening she 79_ told me that something happened when her parents was out. 80_ She was doing her homeworks one Sunday morning when 81_ she smelt something burning. She stopped look out

7、82_ of the window and find a cloud of smoke coming out 83_ of her neighbors house. She called 119 immediate. Ten 84_ minutes later, the firemen came and put out fire. Her neighbor 85_ was very thankful for her help. whosebutinwerehomeworktofoundimmediatelythe2004福建卷短文改錯福建卷短文改錯2012全國卷短文改錯全國卷短文改錯 Ever

8、y one of us can make a great efforts to 76. _cut off the use of energy in our country. To begin with, all 77. _of us can start reducing to the use of oil by driving only 78. _when we have a real need. That wont be easy, I know, 79. _but we have to start anywhere. Whats more, we can go to 80. _work b

9、y bike once and twice a week, and we can also buy 81._smaller cars that burn less oil. Other way is to watch our 82. _everyday use of water and electric at home. For example, 83. _how many times have you walked out of a room and leave the 84. _lights or television when no one else was there? 85. _ad

10、owntosomewhereorAnotherelectricitylefton2、2013起全國卷全國卷“短文改錯短文改錯”的要求的要求第四部分 寫作第一節(jié) 短文改錯（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分） 假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處，每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。 增加：把缺詞處加個漏字符號（），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。 刪除： 把多余的詞用斜線（）劃掉。 修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。 注意：1. 每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞； 2. 只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）

11、不計分。 I hardly remember my grandmother. She used to holding me on her knees and sing old songs. I was only four when she passes away. She is just a distant memory for me now. I remember my grandfather very much. He was tall, with broad shoulder and a beard that turned from black toward gray over the

12、years. He had a deep voice, which set himself apart from others in our small town, he was strong and powerful. In a fact, he even scared my classmates away during they came over to play or do homework with me. However, he was the gentlest man I have never known.holdpassedwell/clearlyshouldersto/into

13、himandwhenever2013全國卷短文改錯全國卷短文改錯 Nearly five years before, and with the help by our father, my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes (圣女果) in our back garden. Since thenfor all these yearwe had been allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they please. As result, the plants are growing somewhere. Th

14、e fruits are small in size, but juicy and taste. There are so much that we often share them with our neighbors. Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year, but we have never had any disease or insect attack problems. We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost!agoof

15、yearshaveaeverywheretastymany或把but改為yetwonderful2014全國卷短文改錯全國卷短文改錯 When I was a child, I hoped to live in the city. I think I would be happy there. Now I am living in a city, but I miss my home in countryside. There the air is clean or the mountains are green. Unfortunately, on the development of in

16、dustrialization, the environment has been polluted. Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem. The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier. Much rare animals are dying out. We must found ways to protect your environment. If we fail to d

17、o so, well live to regret it.thoughttheandwithseriousairManyfindour2015全國卷短文改錯全國卷短文改錯1、第一人稱記敘文；2、詞數(shù)為108、106和105；3、文字淺顯易懂，沒有生僻或超綱詞；4、句子結(jié)構(gòu)簡單，基本上是簡單句或并不復(fù)雜的復(fù)合句；5、設(shè)題主要是學(xué)生常見錯誤。三、近三、近3年全國卷年全國卷“短文改錯短文改錯”特點分析特點分析時態(tài)：13: passespassed I was only four when 14: had been allowinghave been allowing 15: thinkthought

18、 When I was a child, 15: have been shown have shown名詞：13: shouldershoulders broad shoulders 14: yearyears for all these years 15: airsair The air we breathe in is詞形：14: tastetasty but juicy and tasty wonderfullywonderful tomatoes 15: seriouslyserious a serious problem 短語：13：remember sb. very muchwel

19、l/clearly 14：nearly five years before nearly five years ago with the help by our father with the help of our father 15：on the development of with the development of 代詞：13：himselfhim set sb. apart 15: yourour We to protect our environment.冠詞: 13: in a fact in fact 14: as result as a result 15: in cou

20、ntryside in the countryside其它：14: much many There are so many that 15: much many Many rare animals 13: never ever I have ever known. 14: somewhere everywhere 15: must foundmust find 句型：13: He had a deep voice, which set himself apart from others in our small town, he was strong and powerful. and he

21、was strong and powerful. In fact, he even scared my classmates away during they came over to play or do homework with me. when they came over to play or do homework with me. 14: Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year, but we have never had any disease or insect att

22、ack problems. we have never had any disease or insect attack problems. 四、短文改錯指導(dǎo)建議四、短文改錯指導(dǎo)建議n2015年考試說明中對寫作部分（1）的考核目標(biāo)與要求是：準(zhǔn)確使用語法詞匯準(zhǔn)確使用語法詞匯。n學(xué)生通過錯誤改正錯誤改正、缺詞添加缺詞添加、多詞刪除多詞刪除三種形式修正文章中的錯誤。n一般設(shè)置多詞1-2個，少詞1-2個，改詞6-8個。1、基礎(chǔ)為本、基礎(chǔ)為本n（1）語法教與學(xué)，基礎(chǔ)為本。）語法教與學(xué)，基礎(chǔ)為本。（2）詞組記與用，基礎(chǔ)為主。）詞組記與用，基礎(chǔ)為主。（3）詞形思與辨，基礎(chǔ)為重）詞形思與辨，基礎(chǔ)為重 。 2、能力為重、能力為重We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at