新概念英語第二冊(cè)第10ppt課件

1、Hip-hoprap（說唱樂）b-boying（街 舞） dj-ing（玩唱片及唱盤技巧）、graffiti writing（涂 鴉 藝 術(shù) )Agricultural Heavy Metal RockClavichord 古鋼琴 The clavichord is a European stringed keyboard instrument known from the late Medieval, through the Renaissance, Baroque and Classical eras. Historically, it was widely used as a pract

2、ice instrument and as an aid to composition, not being loud enough for larger performances. PianoGrand Piano Upright PianoPre-task When and where was the clavichord made? Who damaged this instrument recently? What did she try to play on it?It was made in Germany in 1681.It was a visitor. She struck

3、the keys too hard and two of the strings were broken.She tried to play jazz on it. We have an old musical instrument. It is called a clavichord. It was made in Germany in 1681. Our clavichord is kept in the living-room. It has belong to our family for a long time. The instrument was bought by my gra

4、ndfather many years ago. Recently it was damaged by a visitor. She tried to play jazz on it! She struck the keys too hard and two of the strings were broken. My father was shocked. Now we are not allowed to touch it. It is being repaired by a friend of my fathers. We have an old_. It is called a _.

5、It was made in Germany in 1681. Our clavichord is _ in the living-room. It has belong to our family for a long time. The instrument was _ by my grandfather many years ago. _ it was _ by a visitor. She tried to play jazz on it! She struck the _ too hard and two of the _ were broken. My father was _.

6、Now we are not _ to _ it. It is being repaired by a friend of my fathers.New words Jazz 爵士樂 modern-jazz、sexy-jazz、 power-jazz、new-jazz Poverty Jazz is a musical style that originated at the beginning of the 20th century in black communities in the Southern United States. Hip-hop pop music 流行樂 countr

7、y music 鄉(xiāng)村音樂 rock music 搖滾樂 folk music 民族音樂 blues 布魯斯(藍(lán)調(diào)) classical pop 古典流行 Instrument 名詞名詞 n. C1. 儀器;器具,器械The dentist picked up several instruments. 那牙科醫(yī)生把幾把器械收拾好。 2. 樂器 3. 手段,工具;促成某事的東西Language is an instrument for communication. 語言是交際的手段。 Musical 形容詞形容詞 a. 1. 音樂的,關(guān)于音樂的Ba musical critic 一位樂壇評(píng)論家 m

8、usical instruments 樂器 2. 音樂般的,美妙的,悅耳的He has a musical speaking voice. 他的嗓音非常悅耳。 3. 喜愛音樂的;擅長音樂的a musical family 一個(gè)音樂世家 4. 配樂的;有音樂伴奏的They performed a musical play. 他們演了一出音樂劇。 Key 名詞名詞 n. C1. 鑰匙 2. 圖例;題解 3. (解決問題的)線索;秘訣;答案The detective believes the missing gun is the key to the mystery. 那偵探認(rèn)為那把丟失的槍是偵破這

9、宗疑案的線索。 4. (鋼琴,打字機(jī)等的)鍵 5. 【音】調(diào)The song is written in the key of D. 這首歌是用D調(diào)譜寫的。 6. 關(guān)鍵,要害;關(guān)鍵人物The quarterback was the key of their team. 那四分后衛(wèi)是他們隊(duì)的靈魂人物。 This is the key to world peace. 這是世界和平的關(guān)鍵。 key to the door String 名詞名詞 n. 1. 線;細(xì)繩;帶子UCI need a piece of string to tie this parcel up. 我需要一根細(xì)繩把這包裹扎起來。

10、 2. (附在衣服等上的)帶子,絲帶C 3. (穿珠,錢等的)串線,串繩C 4. 一串,一行,一列C(+of)A string of accidents happened at that corner. 在那個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)角發(fā)生了一連串的事故。 The monk wears a string of beads. 和尚戴著一串念珠。 5.弦Keep 及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞 vt. 1. (長期或永久)持有,保有I kept it all the time to remind me of you. 我一直保存著它,以此喚起我對(duì)你的記憶。 2. (一時(shí))擁有;保管Please keep the watch for

11、me while I go swimming. 我去游泳,請(qǐng)代我保管這表。 3. 存放,保留,保存We keep food in a refrigerator. 我們把食物存放在冰箱里。 Belong 不及物動(dòng)詞不及物動(dòng)詞 vi. W1. 應(yīng)被放置(在某處)QThe chair belongs in the corner. 這張椅子應(yīng)放在角落處。 2. 合適;適用;適宜QJean belongs in the movies. 瓊適合于拍電影。 3. (在分類上)屬,應(yīng)歸入;(在關(guān)系方面)屬(于)QThey belong to a younger generation. 他們屬于較年輕的一代。

12、4. 合得來;成為集體的一分子He felt he did not belong among those people. 他感到他和那些人格格不入。 Allow allow v.準(zhǔn)許,容許，聽任，任, 承認(rèn)1. allow sb to do sth 允許某人做某事eg: Allow me to introduce to you my friend Johnson. 請(qǐng)?jiān)试S我把我的朋友約翰遜介紹給你。 2. allow that承認(rèn)。eg: We allow that we are wrong. 我們承認(rèn)自己錯(cuò)了。3. allow (of) 容許 to permit; to admit. eg:

13、 The question allows of no dispute. 問題無爭論余地。 The situations allow of no excuse.形勢(shì)不容許拖延；形勢(shì)刻不容緩。 4. allow (for)體諒；考慮到，酌量 eg: We must allow for his youth. 我們得體諒他年輕。 allow for the circumstances 考慮到具體情況。Damage damage; destroy; hurt; break; spoil 都都是動(dòng)詞，有是動(dòng)詞，有“破壞，傷害破壞，傷害”的意思。的意思。 區(qū)別：區(qū)別： damage損壞程度不大，可以修復(fù)損壞

14、程度不大，可以修復(fù) destroy嚴(yán)重破壞，無法修復(fù)嚴(yán)重破壞，無法修復(fù) hurt （指人）受傷害（包括肉體和感（指人）受傷害（包括肉體和感情的傷害）情的傷害） No one was seriously in the traffic accident. Touch 及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞 vt. 1. 接觸,碰到 2. 觸摸She lightly touched his forehead. 她輕輕地摸了摸他的前額。 3. (常與否定詞連用)碰;亂動(dòng)Dont touch the exhibits. 不要碰展覽品。 4. (常與否定詞連用)達(dá)到,比得上Few students in our school

15、can touch him in music. 在音樂方面,我們學(xué)校很少有學(xué)生能與他相比。 5. 觸動(dòng),感動(dòng)I was touched beyond words. 我感動(dòng)莫名。 Repair 及物動(dòng)詞 vt. 1. 修理;修補(bǔ)The roof should be repaired soon. 這屋頂應(yīng)及早整修。 He had his car repaired yesterday. 昨天他把車子送去修好了。 2. 補(bǔ)救;糾正Tom tried to repair his mistake. 湯姆努力糾正自己的錯(cuò)誤。 3. 恢復(fù)It took a long time for him to repai

16、r his health. 他過了好長時(shí)間才恢復(fù)健康。 Shock n 震動(dòng) 沖擊,沖撞;震動(dòng) Earthquake shocks are often felt in Japan. 在日本常常感覺到地震引起的震動(dòng)。 及物動(dòng)詞 vt. H1. 使震動(dòng),使震蕩 2. 使震驚(或憤慨,厭惡等)They were shocked by her rudeness. 他們對(duì)她的無禮感到震驚。 n. get a shocksb get a shock:某人很吃驚surprise be made in+地點(diǎn)be made of/be made from+材料：由制造be made of:能看出原料 eg: T

17、he ring is made of gold.be made from:看不出原料/多種原料 eg : It is made from plastic. be made into+成品：被制成 eg: The gold is made into a ring. play1.跟球類連用，直接跟球類連用，直接+球類：球類：play football2.跟樂器連用，跟樂器連用，+the+樂器：樂器：play the piano在樂器上：在樂器上：play music on+樂器樂器How to describe the picturesThe river was seriously pollute

18、d. Some trees have been cut down. 語態(tài)是動(dòng)詞的一種形式，表示語態(tài)是動(dòng)詞的一種形式，表示主語主語和和動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞之間之間的關(guān)系。英語動(dòng)詞有兩種語態(tài)：主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語的關(guān)系。英語動(dòng)詞有兩種語態(tài)：主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)。主動(dòng)語態(tài)動(dòng)詞的主語是動(dòng)作的態(tài)。主動(dòng)語態(tài)動(dòng)詞的主語是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者執(zhí)行者，而被動(dòng)，而被動(dòng)語態(tài)動(dòng)詞的主語是動(dòng)作的語態(tài)動(dòng)詞的主語是動(dòng)作的承受者承受者。 英語語態(tài)英語語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成由助動(dòng)詞由助動(dòng)詞be + 及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞（及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞（V-ed）構(gòu)成。構(gòu)成。助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞be有有人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化。英語的謂語動(dòng)詞有兩種語

19、態(tài)英語的謂語動(dòng)詞有兩種語態(tài)We speak English.SVOEnglish is spoken by us.SVby+O賓變主賓變主,主變賓主變賓,前加前加by動(dòng)變被動(dòng)變被,看清看清be, 結(jié)構(gòu)分別結(jié)構(gòu)分別be+ pp主動(dòng)語態(tài)主動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)主變被解題步驟主變被解題步驟:1. 找賓語找賓語 -即動(dòng)作的承受者即動(dòng)作的承受者They make shoes in that factory. Shoes2. 判斷賓語的單復(fù)數(shù)判斷賓語的單復(fù)數(shù) -即即be動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù).arewere3. 判斷動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)判斷動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài) -即即be動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài).4. 修改謂語的時(shí)態(tài)修改謂語的

20、時(shí)態(tài) -即原句動(dòng)詞改為過去分詞即原句動(dòng)詞改為過去分詞 made5. 修改原句的主語修改原句的主語 -即即by+ 主語主語/ 賓語賓語.in the factory by them.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：amisaretaught 一般過去時(shí)：一般過去時(shí)：wasweretaught 一般將來時(shí)：一般將來時(shí)：willshall (be going to) betaught 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：amisare beingtaught 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：was/were beingtaught 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：havehas beentaught 過去完成時(shí)：過去完成時(shí)：had b

21、een +taught 過去將來時(shí)：過去將來時(shí)：would (was/were going to) be+ taught 含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞： can/ must/need/have to+be taught Fill in the blanks with the proper form of the words given in the brackets. 1.The bridge ( build) last year. 2.The Olympic Games (hold) every four years.3.The problem (discuss) at the meeting n

22、ow. 4.His new book (publish) next month. 5.The classroom (not clean) yet. was built are held is being discussed will be published has not been cleaned 6. The machine (repair) at this time yesterday. 7. She said the report (type) by Li Mei for two weeks. 8. Miss Li said the book (give) to the student

23、s the next morning. 9. By the end of next term， two thousand English words (learn). 10. He said the project . (finish) by 2010.was being repairedhad been typed would be given will have been learnedwould have been finished 語態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換(Give the students some minutes to discuss)1.He teaches English in our sch

24、ool.2.She gave me a book. English is taught in our school by him.I was given a book by her.A book was given to me by her.口訣口訣1：賓提前變主，主變介by賓，被動(dòng)be加done,時(shí)態(tài)看主動(dòng)。口訣口訣2：如 遇雙賓語，最好變間賓，如若變直賓，間賓前加to/for(pass,lend,buy,write,bring,show,tell)3.He made me do the work.I was made to do the work by him.口訣口訣3：這些動(dòng)詞真奇怪，

25、主動(dòng)句中to 離開，被動(dòng)句中to回 來。（feel,listen to,hear,let have,make,look at,see,watch)4.They take good care of the baby.The baby is taken good care of by them.注意：含動(dòng)詞詞組的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，須將其看作一個(gè)整體，不可把它們分隔開來。英語中用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)的幾種特殊情況英語中用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)的幾種特殊情況2.某些某些“be+形容詞形容詞+to do”結(jié)構(gòu)中的不定式通常結(jié)構(gòu)中的不定式通常要用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義：要用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義： 1. 連系動(dòng)詞為不及物動(dòng)詞，它們沒有被動(dòng)

26、語態(tài)形式。連系動(dòng)詞為不及物動(dòng)詞，它們沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式。但有些表示感受、感官的但有些表示感受、感官的連系動(dòng)詞連系動(dòng)詞(如如look, sound, smell, feel, taste 等等)可用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)：可用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)：The building looks very beautiful. 這座建筑看上去很美。Her voice sounded quite sweet.她的聲音聽起來非常甜美。The book is difficult to understand. 這書很難懂。The music isnt pleasant to listen to. 這音樂不好聽。3.不定式用于某些動(dòng)詞不定式

27、用于某些動(dòng)詞(如如have, have got, get等等)的的賓語后作定語時(shí)，如果不定式的邏輯主語就是句子賓語后作定語時(shí)，如果不定式的邏輯主語就是句子的主語，通常用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。的主語，通常用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。 I have some clothes to wash. 我有一些衣服要洗。Miss Green has some important letters to send.格林小姐有一些重要的信件要寄。 注：若不定式的邏輯主語不是句子的主語，則應(yīng)用被注：若不定式的邏輯主語不是句子的主語，則應(yīng)用被 動(dòng)式，比較：動(dòng)式，比較：I have something to type. 我

28、有些東西要打(字)。(指自己打字)I have something to be typed. 我有些東西要打(字)。(指請(qǐng)人打字)4. 在在 tooto do sth 和和enough to do sth這兩個(gè)這兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中，若句子主語與其后不定式結(jié)構(gòu)中，若句子主語與其后不定式to do sth為被動(dòng)為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，則該不定式通常用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義關(guān)系，則該不定式通常用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義(有有時(shí)也可直接用被動(dòng)式時(shí)也可直接用被動(dòng)式)。The tea is too hot to drink. 茶太熱，不能喝。 These boxes are not strong enough to use to

29、be used as a platform. 這些箱子不夠牢，不能用作站臺(tái)。6. 在在need, want, require等少數(shù)表示等少數(shù)表示“需要需要”的的 動(dòng)詞后的動(dòng)名詞用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意動(dòng)詞后的動(dòng)名詞用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義。義。5. be worth后的動(dòng)名詞要用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)。后的動(dòng)名詞要用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)。 The house needs cleaning. 房子需要打掃了。These children require looking after. 這些孩子需要照看。The house needs to be cleaned. These children require to be look

30、ed after. This movie is worth seeing. 這部影片值得一看。 The problem is not worth discussing. 這個(gè)問題不值得討論。 1). 不及物動(dòng)詞沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)。不及物動(dòng)詞沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 如：如：belong, happen, take place, last, come true, remain, succeed, fall, die, arrive, 等。等。 * Great changes have taken place in this city. * That bike doesnt belong to Mike. 2)

31、表示靜態(tài)的及物動(dòng)詞不用被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示靜態(tài)的及物動(dòng)詞不用被動(dòng)語態(tài)have / fitI have a TV set.The coat fits me well.3）祈使句一般沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)。祈使句一般沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)?！菊俊菊縇ook at the blackboard，please 【誤】【誤】The blackboard is looked at by you 4.系動(dòng)詞沒有被動(dòng)態(tài)和進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)系動(dòng)詞沒有被動(dòng)態(tài)和進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)這魚味道很好。這魚味道很好。這條圍巾摸上去很軟。這條圍巾摸上去很軟。The fish tastes good.The scarf feels soft.5.反身代詞在句中作賓語時(shí)，不能用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。例如：反身代詞在句中作賓語時(shí)，不能用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。例如： 【正】【正】You must look after yoursel