精編外研必修四module1知識與練習

1、精編外研版必修四module1知識與練習.單詞薈萃1. _ vt. 預測，預言 _ n. 預測predictable adj. 可預言的，可預報的2. _ adj.危險的；冒險的risk vt.&n.冒險3. _ vi. 依賴；依靠 _ adj. 可靠的reliability n. 可靠性4load vt. 裝載n. 裝載量；負擔 _ v卸貨 _ v. 下載5. _ vt. 供給動力n. 動力，能力，權力powered adj. 用動力推動的，有動力裝置的 _ adj. 有力的；有功效的6. _ n失去能力；傷殘disabled adj.殘疾的7. _ adv.無疑地；確定地defin

2、ite adj. 明確的，一定的8. _ adv.最后；終于eventual adj. 最后的，最終的.短語檢測91確切地；肯定地 2自然資源 3用完；耗盡 4依賴；依靠 5替代性能源 6除掉；處理掉 7免費 8履行；實施；執(zhí)行 9被附在/粘在 10. 小心；當心 11. 即將被淘汰；即將過時 12. 作為開始；首先；第一點 for sure natural resources run out/use up rely on alternative energy get rid of free of charge carry out be attached to look out/be care

3、ful on the way out for a start .佳句再現(xiàn)1No one knows _, and _ is a risky business. 誰也說不準，并且猜測也是件冒險的事。2. _ garbage problems, the city will _ huge spaceships with waste materials and send them towards the sun, _ landfill and environmental problems. 為了擺脫垃圾問題的困擾，城市將會用巨型宇宙飛船裝載廢棄材料，朝太陽發(fā)射，防止垃圾填埋和環(huán)境問題。3Everyon

4、e will be given a telephone number atbirththat will never change_. 每個人一出生就會給予一個電話號碼，將來無論他們住在哪里，這個電話號碼都不會改變。4Distance surgery will become _ as doctors _ from thousands of miles away, with each city _ its own telesurgery outpatient clinic. 隨著每個城市都擁有自己的遠程手術門診部，醫(yī)生將能從數(shù)千里以外實施手術，遠程手術將變得非常平常。5Senior citizen

5、s and people with disabilities will be able to go anywhere in the world _ hightech cameras _ their head.年長的市民和殘疾人通過使用綁在頭上的高新技術相機可以周游世界。 6. Dont call me before seven. I will _. 不要在七點之前給我打電話。那時我將在穿衣服。詞匯學習1alternativeadj. (available in place of sth. else; other)替換的；供選擇的n. (sth. you can choose to do or

6、use instead of sth. else) 可供選擇的事物(1)alternatively adv. 二者擇一地(2)have no alternative/choice but to do 別無選擇只能alternative ways 可供選擇的方法【易混辨析】alternative和 choice(1)alternative意為“取舍，抉擇”，一般指從兩者中選擇一個，只限辦法、打算，而不能指具體的事物。(2)choice意為“選擇”，強調自由的選擇，不管選擇方式及對象的多少。【活學活用】1根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子(1)Do you have _ to the problem?你有沒有別

7、的辦法來解決這個問題？(2)We _ Gibson. 我們別無他法，只能辭退了吉布森。(3)What influenced you most in your _ of career?在你選擇職業(yè)時對你影響最大的是什么？2單項填空If you dont like the school lunch，you have the _ of bringing your own. A. choice B. alternative C. right D. preparation 【解析】 B句意為：要是你不喜歡學校準備的午餐，可以自己帶飯。alternative可供選擇的事物，have the alterna

8、tive of強調“有另外一種選擇”。choice表示“選擇”不用于這個搭配，而且“可以有多個選擇”。right表示“權利”可以用于have the right to do sth.有權利做某事。 2loadn( a large quantity of sth. that is carried by a vehicle, person, etc.)負荷；重擔；裝載量v. (to put a large quantity of sth. into a vehicle or container)裝(載)；使擔負(1)be/take a load off sb.s mind心上的石頭落地， 使如釋重

9、負 (2)loadinto 把裝進loadwith 給裝上/加上be loaded with 裝載有，負擔有【活學活用】(1)The good news has taken _. 聽了這條好消息我就放心了。(2)The dockers are _ coal. 碼頭工人正把煤裝上船。(3)He went home _ honours. 他載譽回鄉(xiāng)。 3chargev. (to ask sb. for a particular amount of money for sth. you are selling)收費；充電；指控，指責n. (the amount of money you have t

10、o pay for goods or services)收費，要價； 指控；掌管(1)take charge of負責，掌管(動作) in charge of 負責，掌管(狀態(tài)) in/under the charge of 由負責(2)free of charge(for free) 免費the charge for sth. 某物的收費charge sb. for sth. 為某物向某人收費(3)charge sb. with sth. 因某事控告某人【易混辨析】charge, price和cost這三個單詞雖然都與“價錢，價格”有關，但三者的真正含義和用途是不一樣的，區(qū)別如下：(1)ch

11、arge一般是賣者或提供服務者索要的“費用”。如： All goods are delivered free of charge.(2)price一般指商品的售價，有時是泛指“物價”。如：What is the price of this table Prices in this country are very high. (3)cost則指生產(chǎn)某東西的成本，或者某服務或活動所花的費用。如： the cost of production 【活學活用】1. 根據(jù)語境選擇charge，price或cost的適當形式填空(1)We were shocked by the _ of a cup of

12、 coffee in London.(2)Whats the _ for your delivery?(3)The shop was not making enough money to cover its _.2. 根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子(1)As long as youve paid in advance we wont _ delivery. 只要你預先付款， 我們就不收你送貨費。(2)These patients are _ Dr. Wilson. 這些病人是威爾遜醫(yī)生負責治療的。(3)Tom _ the government after the military took over i

13、n 1975. 1975年軍事政變后湯姆掌管了政府。4attachv( fasten or connect one object to another)將某物系在、縛在或附在(另一物)上(1)attachto 把連/拴/裝/貼在上面be attached to sth./sb. 被裝/綁/固定/粘在上；喜歡，依戀(某人)(2)attach importance/significance to 重視，認為很重要【活學活用】(1)_ your application form. 請在求職表上貼一張最近的照片。(2)She _ regular exercise. 她認為定期鍛煉很重要。 短語學習1r

14、un out (of a supply of sth.) be used up, finished or exhausted(供應品)用完， 耗盡run out of sth. (of a person) use up or finish (a supply of sth.)(指人)用完， 耗盡(供應品)(1)use up 用完；耗盡give out 分發(fā)，發(fā)布，公布；被用完，耗盡(2)run into 撞上，偶然遇到；遭遇，陷入run across 偶然遇見(或看到)【易錯警示】run out是不及物動詞短語，其主語通常是時間、金錢、食物等無生命的名詞。run out of則是及物動詞短語，

15、主語是人，后接賓語。use up是及物動詞短語，相當于run out of；而give out 是不及物動詞短語，表示“(某物)用完了，沒有了”，無被動語態(tài)。【活學活用】1根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子(1)We _ petrol.我們的汽油快用光了。(2)The project is _ financial difficulties. 這一項目遇到了財務困難。2單項填空It is predicated that existing reserves of fossil fuel _ by 2045. A. have been run outB. are going to be run outC. wil

16、l have run outD. have run out【解析】 C考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。run out是不及物動詞短語，無被動語態(tài)，通常以物作主語。再結合后面的時間狀語by 2045可知應該用將來完成時，由此可以判斷答案為C。2rely on/upon(to trust or depend on)依靠，信賴，指望 (1)rely on sb. to do sth. 指望或依賴某人做某事 rely on sb. sb. (s) doing sth. 指望或依賴某人做某事 rely on sb./sth. for sth. 依靠獲得 rely on it that 指望相信(2)count o

17、n 依靠，信賴，指望(3)depend on 依靠，信賴；取決于【溫馨提示】rely on后面用that從句作賓語時，中間需要加形式賓語it。如：You can rely on it that it will rain this weekend. 你放心好了， 本周末一定下雨?！净顚W活用】(1)You may _. 你可以依靠我來幫助你的。(2)Many people now _ news.現(xiàn)在很多人依賴互聯(lián)網(wǎng)獲得新聞。(3)How much is produced _ how hard we work. 產(chǎn)量的大小在于我們努力的程度。3look out(for sb./sth.) (be c

18、areful; watch out)當心， 注意；look sth. out (search for sth. and find it)查出，找出(1) watch out (for) 當心；小心；提防 take care 當心；小心 be careful 當心；小心(2)look after 照顧；照看look into 調查；審查look down on/upon 輕視；看不起look forward to 盼望；期待look over 查看；(仔細)檢查look through 檢查；瀏覽look up 抬頭向上看；查找，查閱【活學活用】用look短語的適當形式填空(1)_！Theres

19、 danger ahead!(2)A working party has been set up to _ the problem.(3)If you want to know how a word is used, _ it _ in the dictionary. (4)Dont _ people whove never been to university. (5)She likes _ newspapers at breakfast. 4carry out (to do sth. that you have said you will do or that sb. has asked

20、you to do)履行， 實行，執(zhí)行perform or conduct (an experiment, etc.) 進行(實驗等)carry on (with sth./doing sth.)繼續(xù)(做某事)carry on sth. 進行某事，開展某事be/get carried away 失去自制力，忘乎所以【活學活用】用carry短語的適當形式填空(1)There is a shortage of people to _ research. (2)Will the government _ its promise to reform the law?(3)Sorry, I interr

21、upted you. Please _. (4)It was so noisy that it was hard to _ a conversation. (5)I just got _ because it was such fun. 句型學習1. Im too busy enjoying my life now to worry about the future! 我現(xiàn)在忙于享受生活，沒時間為未來擔憂！【句式點撥】tooto太以至于不能【溫馨提示】 tooto在下列情況下表示肯定含義：(1)當too后是glad，pleased，happy，delighted，satisfied，ready

22、，willing，eager，anxious等形容詞時。如： They are too anxious to leave.他們急于離開。He is always too ready to help others. 他總是樂于助人。與這些詞連用時，too前還常加上only，all，but，just，simply等副詞，意思不變，因為這些詞加 上too后與very同義。如： Im only too glad to see you.見到你非常高興。They are but too pleased to hear the news.他們聽到這則消息，非常高興。(2)與cannot連用時。You can

23、not be too careful(You can never be careful enough) to do your homework.你做作業(yè)越仔細越好(無論怎樣仔細也不過分)?！净顚W活用】同義句轉換(1)The room is so small that five people cant live in. The room is _ five people _.(2)The box is too heavy for me to carry. This is _ box for me to carry.(3)I am very pleased to help you. I am on

24、ly _ to help you.單詞拼寫1. Childhood experiences often play a big part in _ ones character. 2He was _ (解雇) on the spot. 3They _ (改變 ) the talk to a more interesting subject. 4Bankers are cautiously _ (樂觀的) about the countrys economic future. 5It is impossible to p_ what will happen. .選詞填空run out， for a

25、 start， carry out， for sure， be attached to1. I think he lives there but I couldnt say _.2. Our salt _. You should buy some.3. I dont want to see him in my house. _, he is too noisy.4. This middle school _ a teachers college.5. A survey is now _ nationwide.單項填空12010·浙江卷 The experiment shows tha

26、t proper amounts of exercise，if _ regularly，can improve our health. Abeing carried out Bcarrying outCcarried out Dto carry out【解析】 C本題考查非謂語動詞。exercise和carry out邏輯上構成了被動關系，且此處是省略，故用過去分詞。22010·江西卷 Parents _ much importance to education. They will do their best to give their children that priceles

27、s gift. Aattach Bpay Clink DApply【解析】 A本題考查動詞辨析。attach importance to是固定搭配，表示“重視；看重”。3As there is less and less coal and oil, scientists are exploring new ways of making use of energy, such as sunlight, wind and water for power and fuel.Aprimary BalternativeCinstant DUnique【解析】 B本題考查形容詞辨析。既然石油和煤都越來越少

28、，人們只好使用一些其他可替代這些燃料的東西。alternative 有“可選擇的，可替代的”之意，符合句意。primary首要的，初期的；instant立即的，迅速的；unique獨特的。4Wait a minute. I'll _ a good book for you to read on the journey.Alook around Blook intoClook up Dlook out【解析】 D本題考查動詞短語辨析。look around環(huán)顧；look into調查；look up抬頭看，查閱；look out查找，找出。5Do you think we should accept that offer?Yes, we should, for we _ such bad luck up till now, and time _ out.Ahave had; is running Bhad; is runningChave; has been run Dhave had; has been run【解析】 A本題考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。前面有現(xiàn)在完成時的時間狀語up ti