高一英語UNIT4 earthquake人教實驗版知識精講

1、高一英語UNIT4 EARTHQUAKE人教實驗版【本講教育信息】一. 教學(xué)內(nèi)容：UNIT4 EARTHQUAKE二. 重點詞匯：1. rise vi (rose, risen ),起床,起身,上升eg: He rose from the chair when the doorbell rang.The Sun rises in the east and sets in the west The flood has risen two feet.注意arise ,raise ,rise的用法區(qū)別；首先 rise, arise 是不及物動詞，沒有被動語態(tài).rise 意為“升起，增高”arise意

2、為“出現(xiàn)，產(chǎn)生”raise是及物動詞，意為“增加，引起”“舉起”“提高”“飼養(yǎng)”“籌集”如：The living standard of the people has greatly been raised.Her job is raising chickens.His temperature is still rising.The new problem arises.2. shake n/v 搖動，震動，發(fā)抖，震驚Please shake the bottle before taking the medicine. (v)He gave the bottle a shake. (n).相關(guān)

3、的短語：shake hands with sb 與某人握手shake ones head 搖頭shake with cold 凍得發(fā)抖shake with laughter 捧腹大笑be shaken by/ at 被/因而震驚give a shake 把搖一下3. burst (burst, burst ) v/n爆裂，爆發(fā)burst into tears= burst out crying 放聲大哭a burst of laughter/ anger 一陣大笑/憤怒相關(guān)的短語：burst into 闖入burst out 冒出burst forth 突然出現(xiàn)4. ruin n 毀滅；毀壞，

4、常用復(fù)數(shù)ruins表示“廢墟”He is an archaeologist who studies the ruins of ancient Greece. vt毀滅；毀壞She poured water all over my painting and ruined it.短語：in ruins 荒蕪的；成為廢墟The ancient building lay in ruins after the fire.注意destroy, ruin , damage 的用法區(qū)別；destroy 表示肉體上，精神上或道義上遭到徹底摧毀，是指無法復(fù)原，也可指完全毀壞某物體。ruin一般指對物體或生命徹底的

5、破壞，常指對美好的或希望中的事物的破壞。damage一般指對物體或生命的局部損傷，一般可以復(fù)原。如：The car damaged in the accident is being repaired.The fire destroyed all the books in the library.I was ruined by the law case.5. injure v傷害；損害 injured adj 受傷的 injury n傷害；損害Smoking will injure your health. (v)The driver injured his leg in a car accid

6、ent . (v)She was badly injured in an accident during the week. (adj)He is now suffering injuries to the head. (n)注意injure, hurt, wound, harm 的用法區(qū)別；injure指因意外或事故而受到的傷害hurt一般用語。既可指肉體上的傷害，也可指精神上的傷害。往往含有“劇烈的疼痛”或“痛苦”之意。wound n/v多指刀、槍、劍等外來的暴力所造成的傷害harm 一般指傷害有生命的東西，常指傷害一個人的健康，權(quán)利等。6. judge n法官，裁判員 v 判斷，判決I

7、cant judge which one is better. Maybe I should get both of them.judgment n 審判，判決，裁判固定短語：judging from 從來判斷?？捎脕硪龑?dǎo)獨立成分，其邏輯主語不一定與主句的主語保持一致。類似這種結(jié)構(gòu)的有：generally speaking Judging from the number of cars, he thought, there were not many people at the club.Judging from his looks, he may be sick.7. prepare v 準

8、備相關(guān)的短語：prepare sth = get sth ready 準備干某事prepare for sth = make preparations for sth 為做準備prepare sb sth 為某人準備be prepared for 對做好準備be prepared to do 愿意做某事be prepared against 防備8. honour vt尊敬，給以榮譽 n 榮幸之事Children should honour their father and mother.Its an honour for me to be asked to speak here.相關(guān)的短語：

9、in honour of 紀念，出于對某人的敬意be honored by 對感到榮幸Eg: We hold this meeting in honor of the great hero.I felt highly honored by the kind of things you say about me.9. right away =at once, immediately, in no time 10. put up 1）舉起=raise 2）建起 3）張貼Put up your hands if you have any questions.They are putting up s

10、everal new houses on our street.11. “a number of” means “some”“a large number of” means “many”辨析 a number of + n.pl +v（復(fù)數(shù)） the number of + n. pl +v（單數(shù)）相近短語 a great/large/small/number/of a great/good/many quite a few +n.（可數(shù)）scores ofa lot oflots ofplenty of +n.（可數(shù)或不可數(shù)）a small/large/quantity of a grea

11、t deal of +n.（不可數(shù)）quite a little三. 重點句型解讀：1. All hope was not lost = Not all hope was lost not all= allnot 并非所有的，（為部分否定）部分否定的還有：not every=everynot并非每一個； not both=bothnot并非兩個都； not everything= everything not并非所有的Both the answers are not right.表示全部否定時，要用none 和neither.None of the girls like(s) wearing

12、skirts.Neither of the answer is right.2. Everywhere they looked, nearly everything was destroyed.everywhere用作連詞，相當于wherever, no matter where引起的讓步狀語從句。She follows me everywhere I go.everywhere用作副詞，“到處”，相當于here and there ，作地點狀語。I still cant find my dictionary though Ive looked for it everywhere.3. It

13、seemed that the world was at an end.It seems that. =sb seems to do sthIt seems that I have seen him before.= I seem to have seen him before.4. The chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.too+adj/adv +to do sth太而不能 =so +adj/adv +that.not 引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。This book is too difficult for me to unders

14、tand.=This book is so difficult that I cant understand it. 【模擬試題】一. 單項選擇1. Prices _ steadily during the past decade.A. raise B. rise C. arise D. have risen 2. Our plan was _ by his stupid action.A. ruined B. damaged C. destroyed D. ruin 3. Its useless _ to talk to her because she never listens.A. tr

15、y B. to try C. tried D. trying 4. _ from her face, she was angry.A. Judged B. Judging C. To judge D. Being judged 5. Two-thirds of the people _ during the earthquake.A. was injured B. was wounded C. were injured D. were wounded 6. His strength _ after running a 3500-metre-race.A. gave out B. gave of

16、f C. gave away D. gave up 7. _ coal was transported to this city.A. Large amounts of B. A great deal of C. A good many D. A great deal 8. Its _ honour for me to be asked to speak here. A. an B. a C. the D. /9. He made another wonderful inventions, _ of great help to science.A. which I think is B. I

17、think which is C. which I think it D. which I think it is 10. Was _ Bill, _ played tennis well, _won the first prize in the competition?-Yes, he is not only active in sports but also good at study.A. it; that; who B. which; that; that C. it; who; that D. who; which; that 二、閱讀理解China news, Xining, Ma

18、y 14 - This year, 4 earthquakes above magnitude 5 on the Richter Scale have hit the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, including a magnitude 6.1 one and a magnitude 5.6 one in the early May. However, they have posed no threat to the busy Qinghai-Tibet Railway, which is designed and built to survive even tougher

19、 earthquakes. Two earthquakes happened in Qinghai, and the rest two in Tibet, all in uninhabited zones. Thus no severe damages were caused. “The special geological structure of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is the main reason for frequent earthquakes here. Statistics show that Tibet ranks No.2 in the in

20、cidences of earthquakes in China, while Qinghai ranks No.4,” said Chen Yuhua, the director of the Forecasting Center of Qinghai Provincial Seismological Bureau. The designers of the railway had taken the special conditions of the plateau into consideration in the very beginning of the project, and m

21、any anti-earthquake devices had been included. “I was traveling aboard a train on the Qinghai-Tibet Railway during the last earthquake, and I didnt feel anything at all,” said Li Shunping, the director of the Operation Department of Qinghai-Tibet Railway Corp.11. From the passage, how many earthquak

22、es have happened in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau totally this year?A. 5 B 4 C. 6 D. We dont know12. According to the passage, which of the following is right? A. The earthquakes did harm to Qinghai-Tibet Railway B. Tibet has the largest number of earthquake in China C. Qinghai has the largest number of ear

23、thquake in China D. The earthquakes caused little damage in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau13. Why are there many earthquakes in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau?A. Because of the building of Qinghai-Tibet Railway B. Because of its geological structure C. Because of its altitude D. It wasnt mentioned in the passage14. A

24、ccording to the passage, all the followings are true except A. 4 earthquakes above magnitude 5 hit the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau B. Qinghai-Tibet Railway was designed to survive earthquakes. C. Qinghai ranks No.4 in the incidences of earthquakes in the world D. the earthquakes happened all in uninhabite

25、d zones 三. 單詞拼寫15. The police _（挽救） three children from the big fire. 16. It was caused by natural _.（災(zāi)難）17. The grass smell _ （清新）and sweet after the rain .18. It _ （震驚）me that he died in the earthquake.19. Remember to turn off the lights when leaving the room in order not to waste _（電）四、書面表達假如你是斯里

26、蘭卡（Sri Lanka）某市的市長約翰遜，你市2004年12月26日遭受了歷史上罕見的印度洋海嘯，造成了大約4萬人傷亡，大量房屋被毀，許多人無家可歸的慘劇。災(zāi)情發(fā)生后，你市收到了中國商人李某捐贈的100萬美元。請你給他寫一封英文感謝信，感謝他的幫助，并在信中表明在中國及世界其他國家人民的幫助下，你市人民一定能夠戰(zhàn)勝困難，重建家園。注意：1. 詞數(shù)：100左右2. 信的開頭和結(jié)尾已寫好，但不計入詞數(shù)Dear Li,Im Johnson, mayor of a city of Sri Lanka. Im writing this thank-you letter to express our sincere gratitude for what you have done for the people of my city.Yours truly, Johnson【試題答案】單選題答案：15 D A D B C610 A B A A C 閱讀理解答案：11. D 注意子句4 earthquakes above magnitude 5 on the Richter Scale have hit the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau 劃線部分所表示的條件12. D 由