托福滿分作文填空法“魔板”提取全過程

1、托福滿分作文填空法：“魔板”提取全過程記得在大學(xué)時(shí)代，各個(gè)大學(xué)的BBS上包括我們?nèi)A工就廣為流傳著“作文魔板”這個(gè)名詞，沒有自己體會(huì)過用套路寫作的人其實(shí)根本不可能理解到這其中的奧秘，因?yàn)橛械娜苏f背“魔板”是不可能得到高分的，而另一些人卻說不背“魔板”得到的高分是沒有“性價(jià)比”的。實(shí)際上，就我個(gè)人而言，我認(rèn)為魔板的背誦是非常必要的，但絕對不是能是盲目的！ 大家都知道，我們中國人其實(shí)在英語的聽說讀寫四個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)上最薄弱的就是輸出的兩個(gè)能力：說和寫；而最強(qiáng)的就是輸入的兩個(gè)能力：讀和聽。而如果我們想在出國的道路上成為佼佼者，那么在保持傳統(tǒng)強(qiáng)項(xiàng)的同時(shí)是否應(yīng)該特別加強(qiáng)一下我們的口語和寫作能力呢？ 而根據(jù)我考TS

2、E(TEST OF SPOKEN ENGLISH)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，其實(shí)口語考試分?jǐn)?shù)的高低(注意這里僅僅是指考試分?jǐn)?shù))幾乎完全取決于你到底背了多少段落。因?yàn)榭谡Z的TOPIC是覆蓋面非常廣泛的：教育、文化、歷史、生物、科技、藝術(shù)等等，所以這就從客觀上決定了考生必須背大量的段落，而實(shí)際上背的過程中也就是把不涉及過于具體內(nèi)容的話背下來，到考試的時(shí)候再把聽到或看到題目要求的具體內(nèi)容往里面加。一定要注意是從背具體的段落到提煉抽象的魔板最后再回到具體的段落： ·具體 ·抽象 ·具體 下面我就分別以新TOFEL的綜合部分和GRE/GMAT作文的“阿狗”部分為例分別給大家分享一下我個(gè)人對于

3、滿分的一些理解。 TOEFL iBT 其實(shí)新托福加了綜合部分以后，我個(gè)人認(rèn)為是降低了難度。因?yàn)樵瓉砝贤懈５淖魑淖鳛樾峦懈Ｗ魑牡莫?dú)立部分并沒有什么太大的改變，而且大家都知道作文水平的提高不是一朝一夕的事情，那么我剛才說的不能盲目就是指大家不能在這個(gè)需要體現(xiàn)真正寫作水平的部分去背段落，因?yàn)檫@個(gè)是會(huì)被認(rèn)為是舞弊行為的。那么在綜合、獨(dú)立各占15分的時(shí)候，我們?nèi)绻馨盐兆∪魏我粋€(gè)部分的高分實(shí)際上平均下來的分?jǐn)?shù)就不會(huì)低。而綜合部分由于是先讀一篇文章，再聽一段錄音，然后讓我們談文章與錄音的相互關(guān)系，而不用發(fā)表自己的觀點(diǎn)這一題目本身的客觀要求就決定了它是可以背由固定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)語句組成的“魔板”的。這正如研究生入學(xué)考

4、試英語寫作的小作文和雅思寫作的小作文一樣是有固定套路的。比如錄音講座要么就是質(zhì)疑或者反駁了閱讀段落；要么就是支持或者加強(qiáng)了閱讀段落，所以只需要把相關(guān)描述質(zhì)疑或者反駁與描述支持或者加強(qiáng)的固定語句背下來就可以得到一個(gè)相對較高的分?jǐn)?shù)，如果考生同時(shí)又把相關(guān)要點(diǎn)表達(dá)準(zhǔn)確和清楚了的話，那么滿分是完全可能的。當(dāng)綜合部分有15分在手的時(shí)候，獨(dú)立部分只要及格那么就能至少獲得24分的作文高分！ 比如以下兩個(gè)“魔板“是分別描述質(zhì)疑或者反駁以及支持或者加強(qiáng)的： Integrated Writing Task How the Integrated Writing Task is phrased: If the lect

5、ure challenges the information in the reading passage, the writing task will usually be phrased in one of the following ways: ?Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they cast doubt on specific points made in the reading passage. ?Summarize the points made in the lecture

6、, being sure to explain how they challenge specific claims/arguments made in the reading passage. ?Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to specifically explain how they answer the problems raised in the reading passage.Showing Challenge In the lecture, the professor made several poin

7、ts about_. The professor argues that_. However, the reading contends that_. The professors lecture casts doubts on the reading by using a number of points that are contrary to_. The first point that the professor uses to cast doubt on the reading is that_. According to the professor,_. _ differs fro

8、m the reading in that the reading states _. The point made by the professor casts doubt on the reading because_. Another point that the professor uses to casts doubt on the reading is _. The professor claims that_. However, the reading states _. This point is contradicted by_. Finally, the professor

9、 stated that, on the contrary of the reading, _. In other words,_. This directly contradicts what the reading passage indicates, because_. In conclusion, the points made in the lecture contradict the reading. _and_ demonstrate that _is in doubt. If the lecture supports or strengthens the information

10、 in the reading passage, the writing task will usually be phrased in one of the following ways: ?Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to specifically explain how they support the explanations in the reading passage. ?Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to specificall

11、y explain how they strengthen specific points made in the reading passage. Showing support In the lecture, the professor made several points about_. The professor argues that_. The points made by the professor agree with_. In fact, the examples used by the professor support_. The first point that th

12、e professor uses to support the reading is that_. According to the professor,_. _supports the reading, which holds that_. The point made by the professor supports the reading because_. Furthermore, the professor bolsters the reading by stating that_. The professor claims that_. This point agrees wit

13、h the reading, which contends that_. _ shows the truth of the reading because_. Finally, the professor stated that, in support of the reading, _. Specifically,_. This perfectly reinforced what the reading passage indicates, because_. In conclusion, the points made in the lecture support the reading.

14、 _ and _demonstrate that _is invalid. 接下來，我將以如下例子來告訴大家如果提煉“魔板”： Getting the Templates The first point the professor makes that casts doubt on the reading is his point about the behavior of stags. The professor shows how the actions of animal can be interpreted in different ways. For example, some pe

15、ople interpret the stags actions as being for the “good of the species,” but the professor shows that the stag is actually acting in self-interest. This casts doubt on the reading because it appears that the crickets behavior can be interpreted as helping only individual crickets and not the group a

16、s a whole. The professor then talks about the results of the experiment, which seems to indicate the crickets are acting only in self-interest. Another point the professor makes that casts doubt on the reading is his point about the intelligence of animals and insects. As he states, it would seem to

17、 require a lot of intelligence to evaluate how a behavior will affect an entire species. This makes the explanation in the reading seem less likely; a cricket is probably unable to think of the consequences of its actions. It is more likely that the cricket is only acting out of self-preservation, a

18、s the professor indicates. The first point the professor makes that casts doubt on the reading is his point about_. The professor shows that_. For example, _, but the professor shows that_. This casts doubt on the reading because it appears that_. The professor then talks about_, which seems to indicate that_. Another point the professor makes that casts doubt on the reading is his point about_. As he states, it would seem to_. This makes the explanation in the reading seem less likely;_. It is more likely that_, ad the professor indicates. 實(shí)際上，大家從上面這個(gè)例子就可以發(fā)現(xiàn)“魔板”的提取過程就是這樣的：