首字母填空答題技巧

1、空 答 題 技巧一、題型介紹綜合填空，即首字母填空，是近年來天津中考常用題型之一，每空1分，共10分。采用一篇短文，空出十個(gè)空，給出首字母提示，讓考生根據(jù)內(nèi)容填出所空缺的 單詞。這種題型屬于能力測(cè)試的范疇，它所考查的內(nèi)容范圍很廣，可以是英語(yǔ)知識(shí) 的方方面面，還會(huì)涉及其他方面的知識(shí)和生活常識(shí)等問題。它往往有一定難度，能 拉開考生間的分差、提高區(qū)分度。它要求考生在充分理解短文的基礎(chǔ)上將單詞拼寫 出來，并且單詞形式合理，符合語(yǔ)法規(guī)范，符合短文需要。這種試題的首字母已給 出，這既是一種限制，又是一種提示。要做好此類題目，考生不但要有較強(qiáng)的語(yǔ)感， 而且要有扎實(shí)的語(yǔ)言知識(shí)儲(chǔ)備和較大的詞匯量。二、知識(shí)與技能

2、1. 積累詞匯要掌握好所學(xué)的單詞和短語(yǔ)及一些固定搭配，并且掌握它們的常用法，這是答 題的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)儲(chǔ)備。你心里沒有裝著足夠的詞匯，做起題來就會(huì)有困難。2. 分析語(yǔ)境很多情況下，你要填的單詞與上下文有緊密的聯(lián)系，這也就是語(yǔ)境。這時(shí)一定 要分析上下文才能想出來，有可能在上下文還會(huì)出現(xiàn)該詞或者相關(guān)的詞，所以你要 具有善于分析的能力和一雙善于發(fā)現(xiàn)的眼睛。3. 詞性詞形我們可以根據(jù)上下文及本句判斷所要填的單詞的詞性，這需要我們有一定的語(yǔ) 法知識(shí)，要懂詞法，懂句法，并且會(huì)帶著空去分析。詞性判斷準(zhǔn)確有利于更快地想 出答案，并正確使用單詞的各種形式。4. 邏輯推理文章總是有一定邏輯的，除了時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物等關(guān)系

3、，還要學(xué)會(huì)看出列舉、 原因、結(jié)果、讓步、目的、條件等關(guān)系。5. 翻譯技巧翻譯是理解和填空的必要條件，尤其是一些復(fù)合句和帶生詞的句子，翻譯準(zhǔn)確 才能促使你想出答案。三、答題技巧1. 通讀短文第一遍通讀，看懂文章大意，同時(shí)看你能填上幾個(gè)詞，這取決于你平時(shí)的語(yǔ)言 理解能力和詞匯量。2. 細(xì)讀分析第二遍細(xì)讀，要翻譯，要分析句式，要分析詞性，要看上下文。有的根據(jù)一句 話就可以想出答案，有的要根據(jù)上下文才能想出。(1) 依據(jù)習(xí)慣用法與固定搭配進(jìn)行填詞：如：They are l forward tovisiting the factory.我們知道 look forward to 是“盼望”的意思，所以答案

4、是l;(2) 依據(jù)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)進(jìn)行填詞：如：It was a l earlier.從句中的earlier 可以看出它是比較級(jí)，我們應(yīng)該會(huì)想到修飾形容詞比較級(jí)有哪些詞，那此題答案就是l;(3) 依據(jù)常識(shí)的積累進(jìn)行填詞：如：But it was too late. His frie nd was veryangry. Mr White said nothing but only one word“S. ” Mr. White 遲至U了，他的朋友很生氣，他什么都沒說，只說了一個(gè)字“ S. ”我們根據(jù)常識(shí)肯定是向他的朋友道歉，所以填S；（4）依據(jù)邏輯推理與句意理解進(jìn)行填詞：女口： OneSundayaft

5、ernoon, Mr. White drove his new car to his frie nd' s house happily. He wan ted to p his friendup at five and the n went to see a new movie together.根據(jù)句意， Mr. White高興地開著車去他的朋友家，然后一起去看電影，我們可以進(jìn)行邏輯推理，他肯定 是去接他的朋友，所以填p。再如： Many years ago, a my friend David worked day and night, he was still not rich.

6、 答案是 a。3. 認(rèn)真檢查檢查填寫的單詞形式和意思是否合理，是否與文章要求相符，有無句型結(jié)構(gòu)及 語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤，比如第三人稱單數(shù)、過去式等變化及非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞變化、名詞單復(fù)數(shù)等等。 如：They used to play games together h . 此處應(yīng)填 h，是副詞，你要填了形容詞happy就只能得分。練習(xí)一On July2, 1937, Amelia Earhart（ an American pilot） and Fred Noonan leftNew Guinea for Howland Island in the Pacific. This was the Iongest and

7、most dan gerous part of their t 1 around the world. Earhart had trouble soon after the plane took off. The weather was very bad, so she had to f_2_at_ 3,000 metres. Going this high, the pla ne used fuel quickly.After about 20 h 3 , Earhart and Noonan got close to Howla nd Isla nd.The isla nd was o 4

8、 about 65 miles （英里）away, but the bright sun wasshining in their faces so they couldn' t see it. Near Howland, a ship wasw 5 for the pla ne. Earhart con tacted the ship:“ We don t have eno ughfuel. ” she said. The ship tried tostay in touch with her b 6 got noanswer. Finally, the ship called for

9、 help. People looked for Earhart andNoonan for days. However, they found no thi ng.Whathappened to Amelia Earhart? No one knows for sure. D 7 the flight, she probably moved in the wrong direct ion（方向）because the sun was brightand it was d 8 to see. So she got lost; soon after, her plane ran out of f

10、uel, and she died at sea. Ano ther idea is that she survived（幸存）theplane crash（ 飛機(jī)失事）,s 9 to a Ionely island, and later died there.Still others think she survived the crash and secretly returned to the . with a new ide ntity（身份）.Till now, none of these i 10 has bee n proved. People are stillwonderin

11、g about them. （Noonan' s body has never been found either.） No matter what happened, Earhart probably died as she wished. “Whenl go, ” she said,“ I ' d like best to go in my plane.”練習(xí)二Pare nts sometimes lear n much from their childre n.Many years ago, a 1 my frie nd David worked day and ni g

12、ht, he wasstill not rich. One day, whe n he arrived h 2 after work, he found his3-year-old daughter was decorat ing a box with some expe nsive wrapp ing paper（包裝紙）.He thought she was w 3 money and became angry with her.Heeven p_4hisdaughter by beating her. However, the little girl broughtthe box to

13、her father the n ext morning and said,“ This is for you. Daddy.Merry Christmas! ” He was embarrassed （ 尷尬）by his overreaction （過激反應(yīng)）,but he became angry a 5 when he found the box was empty.Heshouted at her,“ Don' t you know that whenyou give someonea present,there should be s 6 in side it?”The l

14、ittle girl looked up at him with t 7 in her eyes and said,“Oh,Daddy. I blew kisses in the box. I filled it with my l 8 . All for you, Daddy. ”The father was very surprised. He put his arms around his little girl, and said s 9 to her. Later, David told me that he kept that box by his bed for years. W

15、hen he was discouraged（ 情緒低落）,he would take out an imaginary （ 想像的）kiss from the box and r 10 the love of the child.練習(xí)一travel/tour/tripfly hoursonly wait ingbut Duringdifficult swamideas練習(xí)二81. although82. home83. wast ing84. puni shed 85. aga in86. someth ing87. tears88. love89. sorry90.Remember授課環(huán)節(jié)

16、：環(huán)節(jié)一板書：鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生想答案1. WWhisWhis helpWhis help, I could n't finish it on my own.答案是Without2. ewe all e so we all e toso we all e to watch it.toHe told us that the movie was really interesting, so we all e watch it. 答案是 expected說明此種題不能孤立看空，而要看全句，甚至上下句，及至全文。那么我們覺 得我們要具備怎么的知識(shí)和能力才能做好這種題呢？板書：積累詞匯、翻譯技巧、分析語(yǔ)境

17、、判斷詞性、邏輯推理環(huán)節(jié)二板書 讓學(xué)生查找是否有錯(cuò)，并改正。He was very surprise to see this happe n. SurprisedThey are look ing forward to see their new teacher. see ingDoyou know Sweden瑞典)? It I 1 in the north of Europe. It is the fourth largest country in Europe with an a 2 of 450, 000 square kilometers and the population of

18、about million. Over one third of them live in the threelargest cities, namely Stockholm, Goteborg and Malmo. More than half of Sweden is c 3 with trees. It is one of the r 4countriesin the world.About 100 years ago Swede n became in dustrialized(工業(yè)化).Today less tha none third of the people are f 5.S

19、wedenis the country where the famous Nobel Prizes are awarded. Many people who have bee n to Stockholm, the c6 of Swede n, must have visited theplaces where Nobel Prizes are awarded.The first Ian guage of Swede n is Swedish. En glish is the first f7Ian guage in schools. Many middle-school stude nts

20、can s 8two to threeIanguages. Most of the Swedish people ， men and women, o 9 and young, can speak En glish. So there is no p 10 to speak with them in En glish.One day Peter bought a dog in the pet shop, but while he was tak ing ithome, two thieves followed him. One of t 91 took the rope from the do

21、g' s n eck and tied it round his f 92 neck. The n he went away w 93 the dog.Whe n Peter g 94 home, he tur ned and saw the young man. He was verys 95.“Where is my dog? ” he said angrily.“ I amvery sorry, ” said the thief,“ but once I said somevery bad thingsto my mother, and she cha nged me into

22、a dog. But b 96 a good ma n bought me, I am now a man aga in! Thank you!”Peter untied the manand said, “Go! And never say bad things t 97 your moher aga in. ”The n 98 day, Peter saw the same dog in the pet shop aga in! Theother thief wass 99 it.Peter went to it and said into its e 100.“ Young man, s

23、ome peoplewill n ever lear n!”About three years ago, I felt very Ionely. I didn' t like my classmates,my parents or anyone else. My classmates didn' t want to talk with me andmy pare nts were always say ing that other kids were b(81)tha n me. Ithought I was the most uni ucky pers on in the w

24、orld.One day I had a big fight with one of classmates. I was so angry t(82)I hit him in the face. Just at that moment, a boy stood up and s(83)the fight. He was the mon itor of our class.After that, he ofte n helped me and we became good frie nds. Whe never I gotangry or sad, he would help me to coo

25、l d(84). My life began to changeb(85) of the boy, my best frie nd. We spe nt a lot of days lear ning andplaying t(86). As time goes by, I have become happier with people andthin gs. And i(87) seems that people around me have cha nged, too. Myparents don ' t shout at me any more and my classmates

26、 become friendly t(88) me.But now I can ' t often see my best friend because he is seriously ill and is staying in h(89). How I miss the days when we were together! I hopehe will be all right a(90) comeback to school soon.Think about two people you know. How would you describe their pers on alit

27、ies? Are they the s 81 ? Of course not! Every one is differe nt. Even ide ntical twins have differe nt pers on alities.Some people are very outgoing and friendly. They like to be with other people all the time. Maybethey like to be the c 82 of attention.And somepeople are quiet maybe eve n s 83 . Th

28、ey can be frie ndly, too. But they like to be alone or with just a few friends.Some people worry a lot. They may worry about many things, such as their jobs, their families and any thi ng that may h 84 in the future. H 85 ,some people don't worry about any thi ng! They n 86 mind what is going on n ext. These people are very relaxed.Some people are hard