4-5Learningaboutlanguage

1、Phrases1add upcalm downhave got tobe concerned aboutwalk the doggo through合計合計平靜下來平靜下來不得不不得不; 必須必須關心關心; 掛念掛念遛狗遛狗經歷經歷; 經受經受revision:Phrases2cheat in exammake a list of reasons be crazy aboutfar too much/manyhold sb entirely in ones powerget along with考試作弊考試作弊列出理由列出理由對對狂熱狂熱; 愛好愛好太多太多控制住控制住/擺布某人擺布某人與與相

2、處；進展相處；進展Phrases3hide awayset downa series of on purposein order toface to face躲藏躲藏; 隱藏隱藏放下；記下放下；記下; 登記登記一連串的一連串的; 一系列一系列; 一套一套故意故意為了為了面對面地面對面地1. They hid there for almost two years and never dared go out.2. We tried to calm him down, but he kept shouting.3. Dont laugh at him. Sometimes you are not

3、able to do as well as he (does).4. In the early 20th century, China went through too many wars.5. The children havent been outdoors all day. Let them play outdoors for a while.6. Please use the word to make a sentence according to the situation given.7. This series of readers is very interesting.8.

4、The man saved the girl from the river and her mother was very grateful.9. Mr Jones lives alone and often feels lonely.10. We communicate with each other by Internet.WB P41 Ex2:The shoes are too big for me.What did he say?He said the shoes were too big for him.基本概念基本概念直接引述直接引述別人的原話。別人的原話。通常都用通常都用引號引號

5、“”“”括起括起來。來。用自己的話把別人的用自己的話把別人的話話轉述轉述出來。間接引出來。間接引語在多數情況下都構語在多數情況下都構成一個成一個賓語從句賓語從句。直接引語直接引語間接引語間接引語直接引語直接引語 和和間接引語間接引語PresentationBoys act one cartoon figure and says something.Teacher asks “What did he/she say?”Girls act the other cartoon figure and answer the teachers question. Then boys and girls e

6、xchange.She said she had been to many countries.She said she would call on you the next day.I am good at dancing.I have been to many countries.I will call on you tomorrow.I visited the Great Wall yesterday.She said she had visited the Great Wall the day before.She said she was good at dancing.結論一結論一

7、直接引語是陳述句直接引語是陳述句, ,變?yōu)殚g接引變?yōu)殚g接引語時用連詞語時用連詞thatthat引導賓語從句引導賓語從句. .從句中的從句中的人稱人稱, ,時態(tài)時態(tài), ,指示代詞指示代詞, ,時間狀語時間狀語, ,地點狀語地點狀語等相應變化等相應變化. .解題步驟解題步驟: : 1.1.陳述句陳述句: :“I dont like computers,” Sarah said to her friends.Sarah said to her friends that I dont likecomputers.saiddidntsheSarah said to her friends that sh

8、e didnt like computers.SarahDo you like flowers?She asked me whether/if I liked flowers?結論二結論二直接引語是疑問句，變間接引語時，直接引語是疑問句，變間接引語時，要從要從疑問語序疑問語序變?yōu)樽優(yōu)殛愂稣Z序陳述語序。直接引語是直接引語是一般疑問句一般疑問句,變?yōu)殚g接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時時,用連詞用連詞if或或whether連接。連接。直接引語是直接引語是特殊疑問句特殊疑問句,變?yōu)殚g接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時時,仍用仍用原來的疑問詞原來的疑問詞作連詞來引導。作連詞來引導。2.一般疑問句一般疑問句:Is it easy

9、to improve the condition of the soil?( They asked him )They asked himifIt is easy to improve the condition of the soil.it is easy to improve the condition of the soil.askediswasThey asked him if it was easy to improve the condition of the soil.3.特殊疑問句：When do you harvest the wheat ?( They asked him

10、)They asked himWhenyou harvest the wheatyou harvest the wheat.harvestedThey asked him when he harvested the wheat.He ordered/told me to be quiet!Be quiet!He ordered/told me not to make noise.Dont make noise!Follow me, please!He asked me to follow him.結論三結論三直接引語是祈使句，變成間接引語，把直接引語是祈使句，變成間接引語，把動詞原形動詞原形變

11、成變成動詞不定式動詞不定式，否定句否定句，在，在動詞不定式前加動詞不定式前加notnot或或nevernever. .并根據語氣的不同在動詞不定前加并根據語氣的不同在動詞不定前加tell, tell, ask, order ,beg ask, order ,beg ，adviseadvise等動詞。等動詞?？谠E說明直接引語間接引語1、人稱的變化、人稱的變化一一隨隨主主二隨賓二隨賓第三第三人稱人稱不變不變引號內的第一人引號內的第一人稱變間引后與主稱變間引后與主句主語的人稱保句主語的人稱保持一致持一致引號內的第二人引號內的第二人稱變間引后與主稱變間引后與主句賓語的人稱保句賓語的人稱保持一致持一致引

12、號內的第三人引號內的第三人稱在變間引后人稱在變間引后人稱不變稱不變She said,“ I like Tennis.”She said that she liked tennis.He said to Lily,“ you must get up early.”He told Lily that she must get up early.She said to me ,“ They want tohelp him.”She told me that they wanted tohelp him.：一隨主，二隨賓，第三人稱不更新一隨主，二隨賓，第三人稱不更新直接引語直接引語 間接引語間接引語一

13、般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時 一般過去時一般過去時 現(xiàn)在進行時現(xiàn)在進行時 過去進行時過去進行時一般過去時一般過去時 過去完成時過去完成時現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時 過去完成時過去完成時一般將來時一般將來時 過去將來時過去將來時The teacher said, “ The sun is bigger than the earth.”The teacher said that the sun is bigger than the earth.特殊特殊: 直接引語若是客觀真理直接引語若是客觀真理,變?yōu)殚g接變?yōu)殚g接引語時引語時,時態(tài)不變時態(tài)不變.2 2、時態(tài)的變化、時態(tài)的變化 直接引語直接引語 間接引語間接引語指示

14、代詞指示代詞 時時 間間 狀狀 語語 地點狀語地點狀語 方向性動詞方向性動詞 this, that, these those now, then, today that day this week that week yesterday the day before last week the week before four days ago four days before the day before yesterday two days before tomorrow the next daynext month the next month here there come, go,b

15、ring take 、其他特殊變化3直接引語中的助動詞直接引語中的助動詞 間接引語中的助動詞間接引語中的助動詞shallshallshouldshouldshouldshouldShouldShould（不變）（不變）willwillwouldwouldwouldwouldWouldWould（不變）（不變）maymaymightmightmightmightMightMight（不變）（不變）cancancouldcouldcouldcouldCouldCould（不變）（不變）mustmustMust/had toMust/had to注意事項注意事項1)1)人稱人稱2)2)時態(tài)時態(tài) 3)

16、3)相應的時間地點狀語相應的時間地點狀語4)4)標點符號標點符號5)5)大小寫大小寫6)6)問號改為句號問號改為句號7)7)語序語序-疑問改陳述疑問改陳述8)8)賓語從句由什么引出賓語從句由什么引出9)9)祈使句要使用動詞不定式祈使句要使用動詞不定式 來引述來引述Role PlayGroup work. Three students a group. One says something (please try to use the words and expressions learned in this unit), one asks, the third told the rest st

17、udents what they said in Indirect Speech.4. “Why were you late again?” The teacher said to me.The teacher asked me why I was late again.實戰(zhàn)演練實戰(zhàn)演練1. He said , “I m afraid I cant finish this work.”2.He said , “I havent heard from him since May.” 3.Tom said “I will see you next week.” He said that he wa

18、s afraid he couldnt finish that work.He said that he hadnt heard from him since May.Tom said that he would see me the next week.Sarah said she didnt like swimming.5. “I dont like swimming,” said Sarah.1.The teacher said，“Dont be late，Mary. ” The teacher told _. A. Mary not to be late B. Mary to be n

19、ot late C. Mary are not late D. not to be late2. He asked her，“Where are you going?” He asked her _. A. where she were going B. where she was going to C. where she was going D. where she is going鞏固提高鞏固提高3. The lady said，“I shall go there on time. ” The lady said that _. A. she would come there on ti

20、me B. she would come here on time C. she would got here on time D. he would got here on time4. He said to me，“I wrote to my father yesterday. ” He told me he had written to his father _. A. the yesterday B. before today C. the day before D. the next day5. The teacher asked，“Are you waiting for the b

21、us?” The teacher asked _ for the bus. A. if I was waiting B. was I waiting C. you are waiting D. I was waiting6. The professor said that light _ faster than sound. A. travels B. traveled C. travel D. traveled7. My mother asked me to show my homework to her. My mother said to me，“Show _ homework. ” A

22、. her my B. me your C. her your D. me his8. Its hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown. A. wouldnt have fallen B. had not fallen C. should fall D. were to fall9. I wonder how he _ that to the teacher. A. dar

23、e to say B. dare saying C. not dare say D. dared sayHOMEWORK1. SB P5Exx1,22. Go over what we learnt today.3. Work in groups of four. Design a questionnaire to find out what kind of friends your classmates are. (optional)RevisionGrammar: Direct and Indirect Speech (1)1. 轉述他人的陳述轉述他人的陳述陳述句陳述句 She asked

24、 me what I was doing.1) He said , “Im going to Beijing.” He said that he was going to Beijing.2) He asked, “Are you a teacher?” He asked me if /whether I was a doctor.3) She said , “What are you doing?”2. 轉述他人的疑問轉述他人的疑問一般疑問句一般疑問句3. 轉述他人的問題轉述他人的問題特殊疑問句特殊疑問句 直接引語變成間接引語，句子結構的變化 He said, “I have been to

25、 the Great Wall. ” He said to us that he had been to the Great Wall. He said, “Ill give you an examination next Monday. ” He told us that he would give us an examination the next Monday. 一般疑問句一般疑問句 He said, “Do you have any difficulty with pronunciation?” He asked (me) whether/if I had any difficult

26、y with my pronunciation. He said, “You are interested in English, arent you?” He asked whether I was interested in English. 特殊疑問句特殊疑問句 He said to me，“Whats your name?” He asked me what my name was. He asked us, “How many car factories have been built in your country?” He asked us how many car factor

27、ies had been built in our country. 選擇疑問句選擇疑問句 He asked, “Do you speak English or French?” He asked me whether I spoke English or French. I asked, “Will you take bus or take train?” I asked him whether he would take bus or take train. 直接引語直接引語 間接引語間接引語指示指示代詞代詞 時時 間間 狀狀 語語 地點狀語地點狀語 方向性動詞方向性動詞 this, th

28、at, these those now, then, today that day this week that week yesterday the day before last week the week before four days ago four days before the day before yesterday two days before tomorrow the next daynext month the next month here there come, go,bring take 5. 注意地點的變化注意地點的變化1. 注意時態(tài)的變化注意時態(tài)的變化2.

29、注意人稱變化。注意人稱變化。3. 注意指示代詞的變化注意指示代詞的變化4. 注意時間的變化注意時間的變化6. 注意個別趨向動詞的變化注意個別趨向動詞的變化 Direct indirect Presentpast Past past and past perfect Present perfect past perfect Past perfectpast perfectThe geography teacher told us that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.謂語動詞時態(tài)變化需要注意幾點：謂語動詞時態(tài)變化需要注意幾點：1.

30、 1.直接引語表述的是客觀真理，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，直接引語表述的是客觀真理，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，時態(tài)不變時態(tài)不變The geography teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.”She says that shell never forget the days in the country.2. 如果直接引語所表述的內容在目前和說話時如果直接引語所表述的內容在目前和說話時同樣有效，變間接引語時，時態(tài)可不變同樣有效，變間接引語時，時態(tài)可不變The children said, “We love this game.

31、”They told us that they love that game.3.主句謂語動詞的時態(tài)是現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，在引述時，主句謂語動詞的時態(tài)是現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，在引述時，時態(tài)不變。時態(tài)不變。She says, “Ill never forget the days in the country.”1. 1. 當主句的謂語動詞是將來時的時候當主句的謂語動詞是將來時的時候 2. 2. 當直接引語部分帶有具體的過去時間狀當直接引語部分帶有具體的過去時間狀語時語時 3. 3. 當直接引語中有以當直接引語中有以when, whilewhen, while引導的從引導的從句，表示過去的時間時句，表示過去的時間時 4

32、. 4. 當引語是諺語、格言時當引語是諺語、格言時5. 5. 當直接引語中有情態(tài)動詞當直接引語中有情態(tài)動詞should, would, could, had better, would rather, might, must, ought to, used to, need時時 從句時態(tài)無須改變的還有以下情況從句時態(tài)無須改變的還有以下情況: :Exercises:1. He said , “I m afraid I cant finish this work.”2.He said , “I havent heard from him since May.” 3.Tom said “I will

33、 see you next week.” He said that he was afraid he couldnt finish that work.He said that he hadnt heard from him since May.Tom said that he would see me the next week.4. “Why were you late again?” The teacher said to me. 5. “I dont like swimming,” said Sarah. 6. His friends asked him if he would go to Dalian.7. “Have you been to Paris?” My classmate asked me.The teacher asked me why I was late again.Sarah said she didnt like swimming.His friends asked him, “Will you go to Dalian?”My classmate asked me if I had been to Paris.1. Readers can _ quite well without knowing t