(完整版)英語動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)歸納總結(jié)對(duì)照表

1、英語動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)歸納總結(jié)對(duì)照表名稱用法動(dòng)詞形式（以do為例）常用時(shí)間狀語例句般現(xiàn)在時(shí)1. 現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)2. 經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作3. 主語具備的性格或能力I/We/You/Theydo.He/She/Ihemorning/afternoon/morningeveryday/morning/SundayonSundayalwaysusuallyoftensometimes1.Sheistwelve.2.Igetupat6:30everyday.3.Shelikesswimming.般過去時(shí)1. 過去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)2. 過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作I/Wedid.Youdid.

2、He/She/Itdid.Theydid.yesterday(morning/afternoon)lastnight/Sundayin1990twodaysagoalwaysusuallyoftensometimes1.Igotupat6:30yesterday.2.Healwayswenttoworkbybuslastyear.般將來時(shí)1將來某時(shí)間要發(fā)生的動(dòng)或存在的狀態(tài)2.將來經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作Ishalldo.I'mgoingtodo.We/You/They/He/She/Itwilldo.We/You/Theyaregoingtodo.He/She/Itisgoingtodo.

3、tomorrow(morning/afternoon/evening)nextyear/month/week1.Iwillgotomyhometownnextweek.2.I'llcometoseeyoueverySunday.3.1'mgoingtoswimtomorrowafternoon.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在或當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作I'mdoing.He/She/Itisdoing.We/You/Theyaredoingnow1.Sheiswateringtheflowers.2. Aretheyworkingnow?3. Theyarelisteningt

4、otheteacher.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去某一時(shí)刻或某一段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作I/He/She/ItwasdoingWe/You/Theyweredoingthistimeyesterdayatteno'clockyesterdayatthattimewhenhecameback1.Wewerereadinginclassthistimeyesterday2.Iwasdrawingapicturewhentheteachercamein.現(xiàn)在1.過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某He/She/Ithasdone.We/You/Theyhavealreadyjustbeforeneverforthreeyea

5、rs1.1'vealreadypostedtheletter.完成時(shí)一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果2表示過去已經(jīng)開始并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)done引nee1990thismorningthesedays2. Wehaveknowneachotherfortenyears.3. Theylivedheresince1997.4. HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?過去完成時(shí)過去某一時(shí)間前已經(jīng)發(fā)后的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)I/We/You/He/She/Ithaddonebytheendof.when+般過去時(shí)before+一般過去時(shí)1.Ihadlearned2000wordsbythe

6、endoflastterm.2.WhenIgotout,thebushadalreadyleft.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在以前的一段時(shí)間里一直進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，這個(gè)運(yùn)作可能仍在進(jìn)行，也可能繼續(xù)進(jìn)行下去I/We/You/Theyhavebeendoing.He/She/Ithasbeendoing.sincenineo'clockforfivehours1.Ihavebeenskatingforfivehours.2.Shehasbeenskatingsincenineo'clock.英語時(shí)態(tài)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)1、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。通常用“usually,often,everyday,sometimes&q

7、uot;。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)基本用法介紹一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的功能1表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：Theskyisblue天空是藍(lán)色的。2. 表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如：Igetupatsixeveryday.我每天六點(diǎn)起床。3. 表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。二、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成:肯定句：1) .主語+系動(dòng)詞be(is,am,are)+名詞(形容詞，介詞短語)2) .其他主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其它第三人稱單數(shù)+動(dòng)詞-s+其它如：Iamaboy.我是一個(gè)男孩。WestudyEnglish.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語。MarylikesChinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語。三、一

8、般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的變化否定句：1)主語+be(is,am,are)+not+其它。如:Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。2)其他主語+donot(don't)動(dòng)詞原形+其它Idon'tlikebread第三人稱單數(shù)+doesnot(doesn't)動(dòng)詞原形+其它Hedoesn'toftenplay.一般疑問句：1)Be(Is,Are)+主語+其它？如：-Areyouastudent?-Yes.Iam./No,I'mnot.2)Do其他主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其它？Does+第三人稱單數(shù)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它+?注意：遇I/weyou,myyour,someany.Do

9、esshegotoworkbybike?-Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.Doyouoftenplayfootball?-Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+般疑問句。如：Whereismybike?Howdoesyourfathergotowork?2、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。通常用“now/look/listen”.1現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，也可表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。2現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)：.肯定句：主語+be(is,am,are)+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞-ingeg:Iam(not)doingmyhomework

10、.You/We/Theyare(not)reading.He/She/Itis(not)eating.否定句：主語+be(is,am,are)+not+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞-ing一般疑問句：Is(Are)+主語+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞-ing?特殊疑問：疑問詞+be+主語+動(dòng)詞ing?3. 動(dòng)詞加ing的變化規(guī)則1) 一般情況下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2) 以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e加ing，如：make-making,taste-tasting3) 如果末尾是一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母，雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加ing,如:run-running,stop-stopping,swiswimmi

11、ng3、一般過去時(shí)態(tài)一般過去時(shí)通常用“amomentago,justnow,yesterday,last”等。1一般過去時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用。一般過去時(shí)也表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作感謝。2. Be動(dòng)詞在一般過去時(shí)中的變化：am和is在一般過去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣as°(wasnot=wasn't)are在一般過去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣ere°(werenot=weren't)帶有was或were的句子，其否定、疑問的變化和is,am,are一樣，即否定句在was或were后加not，般疑問句把was或were調(diào)到句首。3.行為動(dòng)詞

12、的一般過去時(shí)變化肯定句(Positive)動(dòng)詞過去式Iwentshoppinglastnight.否定句(Negative)didn't+動(dòng)詞原形Ididn'tgoshoppinglastnight.一般疑問句(Yes/No)Did.+動(dòng)詞原形？Didyougoshoppinglastnight?特殊疑問句(wh-)Whatdid.+動(dòng)詞原形？Whatdidyoudolastnight?4.動(dòng)詞過去式的變化規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的變化：一般動(dòng)詞+edplanted,watered,climbed以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾+dliked輔音字母加y結(jié)尾-y+iedstudy-studied,cry-cr

13、ied重讀閉音節(jié)單詞，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母雙寫最后一個(gè)字母+edstop-stoppedplan-planned不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的變化：原形過去式原形過去式原形過去式原形過去式sweepsweptteachtaughthavehadgowentkeepkeptthinkthoughtdodidfindfoundsleepsleptbuyboughteatatesaysaidfeelfeltdrinkdrankis/amwastaketookreadreadgivegaveareweremeanmeantputputsingsangdrivedrovemeetmetcutcutbeginbegansp

14、eakspokemakemadeletletringrangwritewroteseesawflyflewrunranriderodecomecamedrawdrewsitsathearheardtelltoldgrowgrewlearnlearned/learntgetgotknowknew5.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+did+主語+動(dòng)詞原形？如：WhatdidJimdoyesterday?疑問詞當(dāng)主語時(shí)：疑問詞+動(dòng)詞過去式？如：Whowenttohomeyesterday?4、一般將來時(shí)概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。句中一般有以下時(shí)間狀語tomorrow,next

15、day(week,month,year)，soon,thedayaftertomorrow(后天)等。1. 基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+be(is,am,are)goingto+動(dòng)詞原形.主語+will+動(dòng)詞原形.2. 否定句：主語+be(is,am,are)+not+goingto+動(dòng)詞原形.主語+will+not(won't)+動(dòng)詞原形.例如：I'mgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.fI'mnotgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.3. 般疑問句：Is(Are)+主語+goingto+動(dòng)詞原形.+?Will+主語+動(dòng)詞原

16、形+?例:Wearegoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend.fAreyougoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend?Yes,weare.No,wearen't.WillhegotoBeijingnextweek?Yes,hewill.No,hewon't.4. 對(duì)劃線部分提問。一般情況，一般將來時(shí)的對(duì)劃線部分有三種情況。1) .問人。Who例如：I'mgoingtoNewYorksoon.Who'sgoingtoNewYorksoon.2) .問干什么。Whatdo.例如：Myfatherisgoingtowatchar

17、acewithmethisafternoon.fWhatisyourfathergoingtodowithyouthisafternoon.3) .問什么時(shí)候。When.例如：She'sgoingtogotobedatnine.Whenisshegoingtobed?5同義句：begoingto二willIamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow(明天).二Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.5. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：肯定句：主語+助動(dòng)詞be(was,were)+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞-ing+其它否定句：主語+助動(dòng)詞be(was,were)+not+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞-ing+其它

18、一般疑問句：Was(Were)+主語+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞-ing+其它？特殊疑問句：疑問詞+was(were)+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞-ing+其它？用法:1、表示在過去某一時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，往往有表示過去的時(shí)間狀語then,atthattime,thistimeyesterday等，或與過去發(fā)生的某事同時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作(即與when,while引出的時(shí)間狀語從句連用)。例:Theyweretalkingaboutafilmatsixyesterdayevening.昨晚6點(diǎn)他們正在談?wù)撘徊侩娪?。Whatwereyoudoingatthistimelastweek?上周的這個(gè)時(shí)候你在干什么？Whenthetea

19、chercamein,theyweretalking.老師進(jìn)來時(shí)，他們在講話。2、表示在過去某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。例:Theywereswimmingfromtwotothreeyesterdayafternoon.昨天下午2點(diǎn)至U3點(diǎn)他們在游泳。ShewaswatchingTVthewholemorning.她整個(gè)上午在看電視。3、表示過去將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。例：HesaidhewasleavingonTuesday.他說他周二動(dòng)身。Tomsaidhewasgoingtomorrow.湯姆說他明天去。4、用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)描寫故事背景。例：Itwasgettingdark.Thewindwasris

20、ing.天漸漸黑了下來，風(fēng)勢增強(qiáng)了。Theprocessionwasgoing.Hewasstandingamongthecrowdlookingon.隊(duì)伍在前進(jìn)。他站在人群中觀看。6. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)構(gòu)成：肯定句：主語+助動(dòng)詞have(has)+動(dòng)詞過去分詞-ed否定句：主語+助動(dòng)詞have(has)+not(haven't,hasn't)+動(dòng)詞過去分詞-ed一般疑問句：Have(Has)+主語+動(dòng)詞過去分詞-ed+?特殊疑問句：疑問詞+have(has)+主語+動(dòng)詞過去分詞-ed+?用法：1. 表示說話之前已完成的動(dòng)作，而且這個(gè)動(dòng)作的結(jié)果對(duì)現(xiàn)在是情況仍有影響。常被just,al

21、ready,yet等副詞修飾。Mr.WanghasjustcomebackfromAmerica.王先生剛從美國回來。2. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)還可用來表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，常帶有for或since等表示一段時(shí)間的狀語。如：MrWanghaslivedheresince1983.3. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)瞬間動(dòng)詞即終止性動(dòng)詞不能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用。常見終止性動(dòng)詞與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞(或狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞)的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系如下:come/go/arrive/get/reach/move-bein/atdie-bebecomeopen-beopendeadclose-beclosed-beborrow-keepbuy-ha

22、vebegin/startbeonend/finishbeoverputon-wearleavebeaway(from)fallasleepbeasleepcatchacoldhaveacoldjointhearmybeinthearmy,beasoldierjointhePartybeintheParty,beaPartymember例：吉姆買這支已有兩年了。Jimboughtthispentwoyearsago.Jimhashadthispenfortwoyears.Jimhashadthispensincetwoyearsago.Jimhashadthispensince2007Itis

23、twoyearssinceJimboughtthispen.4在表示“最近幾世紀(jì)/年/月以來”時(shí)間狀語中，謂語動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。inthepastfewyears/months/weeks/days；overthepastfewyears;duringthelastthreemonths;forthelastfewcenturies,throughcenturies;throughouthistory等5. 表示“第幾次做某事，”或在“Itisthebest(worst,mostinteresting)+名詞+that”后面跟現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。例：ThisismyfirsttimethatIhave

24、visitedChina.ThisisthemostinterestingfilmIhaveeverseen.Thatistheonlybookthathehaswritten.6. have/hasbeento+地點(diǎn)意為“曾去過某地”，暗含目前已不在該地，僅表示當(dāng)事人的一種經(jīng)歷而已。have/hasgoneto+地點(diǎn)“到了某地去了”，暗含“已離開原地去了某地”之意，但是否到達(dá)了某地尚不確定。如：HehasgonetoShanghai.他去了上海。HehasbeentoShanghai.他去過了上海。7. 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作從過去某時(shí)開始，延續(xù)或重復(fù)地出現(xiàn)至今，或?qū)⒗^續(xù)延續(xù)至將來。常與

25、表示一段時(shí)間的狀語，如：fortwohours,sinceearlymorning,thesefewdays等連用。構(gòu)成：肯定句：主語+助動(dòng)詞have(has)+been+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞-ing否定句：主語+助動(dòng)詞have(has)+not+been+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞-ing一般疑問句：Have(Has)+主語+been+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞-ing+?特殊疑問句：疑問詞+have(has)+主語+been+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞-ing+?例：Ithasbeenrainingforthreehours.Wehavebeenwaitingheresinceanhourago.Howlonghasitbeenraini

26、ng?雨下多久了？Shehasbeensittingthereformorethan2hours.他已經(jīng)在那坐了兩個(gè)小時(shí)了。We'vebeenseeingquitealotofeachotherrecently.最近我們常見面。Hehasbeentelephoningmeseveraltimesintwodays.這兩天他打好幾次電話給我。注意事項(xiàng)：與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)相比，現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)更強(qiáng)調(diào)：在從過去到現(xiàn)在的時(shí)間里，動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)一直持續(xù)或一直反復(fù)出現(xiàn)。8. 過去完成時(shí)構(gòu)成：肯定句：主語+助動(dòng)詞had+動(dòng)詞過去分詞-ed+其它否定句：主語+助動(dòng)詞had+not(hadn't)+動(dòng)詞過去

27、分詞-ed+其它一般疑問句；Had+主語+動(dòng)詞過去分詞-ed+其它+?特殊疑問句：疑問詞+had+主語+動(dòng)詞過去分詞-ed+其它+?例：Therehadbeen25parksinourcityuptill2000.Bytheendoflasttermwehadfinishedthebook.Theyfinishedearlierthanwehadexpected.用法：1、表示在過去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前已完成或延續(xù)到某一過去時(shí)間的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，即“過去的過去“。這一動(dòng)作可以是一直持續(xù)到過去這一時(shí)刻或?qū)⒗^續(xù)下去。這個(gè)過去的時(shí)間常用by,beforeafter,)等介詞短語或一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句表示，也可

28、以用一個(gè)表示過去的動(dòng)作或上下文來表示。例：Thetrainhadleftbeforeshegottothestation.在她到車站以前，火車已開走了。Wehadlearnedabout500Englishwordsbytheendofmine.到上個(gè)月為止，我們已經(jīng)學(xué)了約500個(gè)英文單詞。Mr.Smithdiedyesterday.Hehadbeenagoodfriendofmine.史密斯先生昨天去世了，他曾是我的一位好友。2、用于以連詞when,assoonas,asas,before,after,until,nowthat引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中或一些賓語從句中以表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間早于主句所表示的動(dòng)作，可表示原因、動(dòng)作先后等關(guān)系。如：例:AfterIhadfinishedmyhomework,IwatchedTVlastnight.(表時(shí)間先后)Wetookataxihome,asthelastbusalreadygone.由于最后一班公