Unit1 Writing for myself

1、Unit One Growing UpObjectivesGrasp the main idea and structure of the text;Appreciate the narrative skills demonstrated in the text;Master the language points and grammatical structures in the text;Conduct a series of reading, listening, speaking and writing activities related to the theme of the un

2、it. Warming-up:Warming-up:Have you ever seen the American soap opera “ Growing Pains ”? Do you like it? Growing Pains is an American television sitcom about an affluent(富裕的富裕的) family, residing in Huntington, Long Island, New York, with a working mother and a stay-at-home psychiatrist (精神病醫(yī)生精神病醫(yī)生) f

3、ather raising three children together, which aired(播放播放) on ABC from September 24, 1985, to April 25, 1992. 成長的煩惱成長的煩惱 (Growing Pains) 是美國是美國1985年至年至1992年間收視率最高的情景喜劇年間收視率最高的情景喜劇(sitcom)。希弗一家人希弗一家人(the Seavers)樂天豁達(dá)的性格給觀樂天豁達(dá)的性格給觀眾留下難忘的印象。該劇的演員陣容曾被制作眾留下難忘的印象。該劇的演員陣容曾被制作人邁克爾人邁克爾沙利文譽(yù)為沙利文譽(yù)為“A級陣容級陣容”。 自從國內(nèi)

4、有了上海電視臺譯制版本以后，成長自從國內(nèi)有了上海電視臺譯制版本以后，成長的煩惱就不斷的在全國各地的電視臺里播放，的煩惱就不斷的在全國各地的電視臺里播放，它不僅僅受到中小學(xué)生的歡迎，而且還倍受大它不僅僅受到中小學(xué)生的歡迎，而且還倍受大學(xué)生和青年人的喜愛，應(yīng)該說，成長的煩惱伴學(xué)生和青年人的喜愛，應(yīng)該說，成長的煩惱伴隨了一代人的成長。隨了一代人的成長。 http:/ “不想長大不想長大” Do you like to be a child or an adult? Why?Comment: Growing up can be quite an adventure, full of the unexp

5、ected. Life is what happens to you while youre busy making other plans. Growing up is sometimes hard; it is also full of surprise. Things happen when we least expect them. As we find in Text A, the author is faced with what at first sight seems a dull, routine piece of coursework. However, much to h

6、is surprise it leads him to discover a hidden talent and what he wants to become in life.Text A Writing For MyselfRussell Baker is a former columnist and Correspondent通訊記者 for The New York Times and the host of Masterpiece Theatre. His books include The Good Times and Growing Up (an autobiography).

7、Russell BakerIn this essay, the writer looks back on a meaningful early experience. As a matter of fact, every one has unforgettable experience at each stage of his life. Comprehension Question When we are writing we are often told to keep our readers in mind, to shape what we say to fit their taste

8、s and interests. But there is one reader in particular who should not be forgotten. Can you guess who?Global ReadingLook at the title of Text A, then find out in which paragraph a similar phrase appears. Read that paragraph carefully and explain in your own words what the author means by saying “wri

9、te for myself”. Grasping the structure of the textGrasping the structure of the text Scan Text A and circle all the time words, phrases and clauses since my childhood in Belleville until my third year in high school until then when our class was assigned to Mr. Fleagle for third-year English late in

10、 the year until the night before the essay was due when I finished next morning two days passed when I saw him lift my paper from his desk when Mr. Fleagle finished Structure: narration in chronological sequence.Text Organization (P.9)Paragraphs Headings 1 Bakers feelings about English courses 2 Bak

11、ers impression of his new English teacher 3 A topic that attracts Bakers attention 4 Vivid memories the title brought back 5 Bakers sudden desire to write about the topic 6 Anticipating punishment 7 Mr. Fleagles announcement 8 Classmates response to the essay 9 What Baker discoveredPart Division of

12、the TextParts ParagraphsMain Ideas1Paras 12Baker was bored by_, including _.2Paras 35Baker found himself attracted by one particular topic and wrote about it for _.3Paras 69The experience of writing the essay helped him discover _ _ and realize _.associated with English courseseverythinghis new Engl

13、ish teacherhis own joywritinghis talent forwished to do in lifewhat heFast-reading (Part 1 Paras1-2)Fast-reading (Part 1 Paras1-2)“Fast-reading is one of the strategies people use” (true or false)1.The author always enjoys English classes in high school.2.He wanted to become a writer since he was li

14、ttle.3.The authors third-year English teacher would most likely make the English class even more boring.4.The word “primly” has a negative meaning. Part OneFind out the words expressing Bakers feelings toward English courses. Bored/dull /lifeless/agony (n.) /cheerless/tediousWhen did he begin to thi

15、nk it possible for him to become a writer? Until his third year in high school / in the eleventh grade The US Grade School SystemIn the united States, education is the responsibility of individual states, not the federal government, so requirements may vary from one state to another. The following i

16、s a generalization:Kindergarten: under 5 years oldElementary/primary school (grades 16): 611 years oldSecondary school: 12-18 years old Junior high/middle school (grades 78): 1214 years old Senior high school (grades 912): 1518 years oldCollege, institute, academy(學(xué)院學(xué)院), university What American tea

17、chers wear in school Nowadays, people in the U.S. love to dress casually. Even among those companies with a rigid dress code some now allow employees not to wear suits on Fridays. U.S. teachers wear fairly formal clothes to school, but not necessarily suits and ties. Bow ties (蝶形領(lǐng)結(jié)蝶形領(lǐng)結(jié)) are consider

18、ed even more old-fashioned than ties.What makes a good teacher?Qualities of an ideal teacherexperiencedextroverttolerantsmarthandsomeenergeticamiableseriousknowledgeablepatientwhat kind of person is Mr. Fleagle? what kind of person is Mr. Fleagle? (Words to describe a person)(Words to describe a per

19、son)dullunable to inspireformalrigid hopelessly out of dateexcessively primWhy does the author describe Mr. Fleagle in such a great detail?Fast-reading (Part 2 Paras 3-5)Fast-reading (Part 2 Paras 3-5)1. For a long time Mr. Fleagle proved to be tedious and boring. 2. Almost all the topics the teache

20、r asked the class to write were tedious and boring. 3. Baker picked the topic “The arts of eating Spaghetti ”because he liked to eat Spaghetti. 4. The author wrote for the teacher. (T)(T)(F)(F)Questions for Part 2Why did he put off the writing assignment till the last minute?He thought of those topi

21、cs assigned by Mr. Fleagle simple-minded and dull. He was unwilling to do the unwelcome task.What was the topic that held his attention?Why did he want to write about that topic?Cultural NotesSpaghetti and the proper way of eating itSpaghetti is the Italian-style thin noodle, cooked by boiling and s

22、erved with sauce. Usually you would put a fork into a plate of spaghetti, turn the fork several times so that spaghetti will wind纏繞 around the fork, then place the fork into your mouth. Its impolite to suck. Dont use the spoon when eating spaghetti to help you wrap纏繞，包裹 the pasta. It is considered b

23、ad form. Spaghetti should be eaten with the fork only. Never cut the threads of pasta with the knife or the fork. Spaghetti is sold in the right length, about 10 inches long, and that is just the right size. Dont slurp. Absolutely no sounds of any kind.pasta:意大利面制品意大利面制品, 意大利面食意大利面食(包括通心粉及面條等包括通心粉及面

24、條等)slurp:嘖嘖吃的聲音嘖嘖吃的聲音1. Baker turned in the essay because he felt he wrote a good essay. 2. Mr. Fleagle read out loud his essay for he thought it was well written. 3. The whole class did not seem to like the essay. 4. The teachers comments on the essay seemed to change Bakers attitude to the essay.

25、Fast-reading (Part 3 Paras 6-9)Fast-reading (Part 3 Paras 6-9)(F)(F)(T)(T)Questions for Part 31. Why did Baker feel so delighted when he heard Mr. Fleagle read out his essay? 1) It demonstrates that his essay had the power to make people laugh and happy. To make other people happy can undoubtedly ma

26、ke oneself happy. 2) He discovered a calling or his talent for writing and it made him realize what he wished to do in life. This calling illuminated his aimless/dim life like a torch in the darkness. 2. Whats the “essence of the essay”?To write what one enjoys writing about. This is also the main i

27、dea of the text. Vocabulary Check: Write out the equivalent English words used in the text. expect sth. produce sth. remember sth.try to deal with sth.encourage sb. to do sth. try to prevent sth from happening break (a law, rule -)expression of joy for sb.s success, luck-boring profession; job antic

28、ipate (doing) sth.; turn out; recall; tackle sth; inspire; avoid (doing) sth.; violate; congratulations on sth.; tedious; career Vocabulary Check: Fill in the blank with an appropriate phrase in the text. 1. I was still working _as a waitress to support myself.2. Now that your daughter is born, youl

29、l have to _the responsibilities of being a father. 3. Johnny cried bitterly, not even attempting to _tears. 4. Old habits die hard. Thats why you should stop smoking before the habit_.5. Jim wished to forget everything _his former life.6. Have you all _your assignments?face up to hold backoff and on

30、takes holdassociated withturned inLanguage points in the first Language points in the first partpartoff and on (or on and off): If something happens off and on or on and off, it happens occasionally, or only for part of a period of time, not in a regular or continuous way; from time to time, now and

31、 again, irregularly It has been raining on and off for a week. Thats why the clothes feel damp. As her patient slept soundly during the night, the nurse was able to doze off and on. The Jews and Arabs of Palestine have been fighting off and on for 100 years. 他斷斷續(xù)續(xù)讀了四年書。他斷斷續(xù)續(xù)讀了四年書。 He had four years

32、of schooling off and on.take holdstart to have a definite effect; become establishedThe newly planted tree quickly took hold.The idea of one child has taken hold in most urban Chinese families.Old habits die hard. Thats why you should stop smoking before the habit takes hold.takebore: make (sb.) fee

33、l tired and lose interestThe speaker went on and on, and the audience grew bored by his speech.If someone or something bores you to tears, bores you to death, they bore you very much. 使厭煩至極非正式Monuments and museums bore him to tears/death. C You describe someone as a bore when you think that they tal

34、k in a very uninteresting way. 無聊的家伙There is every reason why I shouldnt enjoy his company hes a bore. 我有充分的理由不和他在一起他是個(gè)無聊的家伙。N-SING You can describe a situation as a bore when you find it annoying. 令人討厭的事生病是件無趣的事，整天躺在床上的新鮮感很快就沒了。Its a bore to be sick, and the novelty of lying in bed all day wears of

35、f quickly. AssociateIf you associate someone or something with another thing, the two are connected in your mind. 將將 (和和) 聯(lián)系起來聯(lián)系起來 We associate Egypt with pyramids.Jim wished to forget everything associated with his former life.Your associates are the people you are closely connected with, especiall

36、y at work. (尤指工作中的尤指工作中的) 伙伴伙伴 The thief and his associates were caught by the police.Adj. Associate is used before a rank or title to indicate a slightly different or lower rank or title. 副的副的 (用在級別或頭銜前，表示稍有不同或略低用在級別或頭銜前，表示稍有不同或略低的的)ADJ n Associate professorMr. Lin is associate director of the Inst

37、itute. turn out:come out or gather as for a meeting, public event, etc. 1)prove to be2)shut off 3)produce; make4)Match the above definitions with the sentences below.A large group of protesters have turned out.The school has turned out some great scholars.Turn out the light before you go to bed. The

38、 plan turned out a failure.We are to turn out 100,000,586 computers next year to meet the market requirements.Anticipate vt:我們期望她獲得第一名。我們期望她獲得第一名。We anticipated her winning first prize.We anticipated running into problems in carrying out the medical welfare reform.The police had anticipated trouble

39、from the soccer fans and were at the ground in large numbers.In anticipation ofexpect that something will happen and be ready for it: anticipate (that); anticipate doing something盼望；預(yù)期，期望，期待盼望；預(yù)期，期望，期待; 預(yù)料預(yù)料 tedious: something that is tedious continues for a long time and is not interesting -synonym

40、 boring Examples: The work was tiring and tedious. The movie was so tedious that many viewers left before it was over.reputation countable :the opinion that people have about someone or something because of what has happened in the past: reputation for; reputation as Examples: Jim Kerry has quite a

41、reputation for being comic. In her last job she acquired a reputation as a troublemaker.Despite its reputation for greed, American society continues to uphold the virtues of philanthropy.盡管美國社會有貪婪的名聲，但人家仍繼續(xù)維持慈善的美德inspire: encourage someone by making them feel confident and eager to do something insp

42、ire somebody to do something ; inspire somebody to something Examples: He inspired many young people to take up the sport. I hope this success will inspire you to greater efforts. Inspired by the sunny weather, I decided to explore the woods. The book was inspired by a real person. rigid: (adj.) (of

43、ten disapproving) -opposite flexibleLaws, rules, or systems that are rigid cannot be changed or varied, and are therefore considered to be rather severe. (法律、規(guī)章制度) 僵死的; 過于嚴(yán)格的表不滿 Several colleges in our university have rigid rules about student conduct. If you disapprove of someone because you think

44、they are not willing to change their way of thinking or behaving, you can describe them as rigid. (人) 刻板的; 頭腦僵化的表不滿 She was a fairly rigid person who had strong religious views. 她是個(gè)相當(dāng)刻板、有著很強(qiáng)宗教觀念的人。A rigid substance or object is stiff and does not bend, stretch, or twist easily. 僵硬的 .rigid plastic co

45、ntainers. 堅(jiān)硬的塑料容器。rigid adherence to old-fashioned ideas If he had been a little less rigid about things, his daughter would not have left home at such a young age.Sentence structures in the first partSentence structures in the first partIt wasnt until my third year in high school that the possibili

46、ty took hold.He was said to be very formal, rigid and hopelessly out of date.It is reported that the troops have already crossed the border.It seems that he has already left Jinhua.Tackle：Vt If you tackle a difficult problem or task, you deal with it in a very determined or efficient way. Its time t

47、o tackle the mountain of emails that have been piling up in your absence! In 2009 kissing was banned on the platform at Warrington Bank Quay railway station because couples who were romantically saying farewell were making the trains late. To tackle the issue, a special kissing zone was set up in th

48、e short stay car park.At least a tenth of the Harvard first-year undergraduates polled admitted to having cheated on an exam prior to starting at the university, while almost half admitted to cheating on their homework. A committee, made up of faculty, staff and students had been established to tack

49、le cheating, which “is a national problem in American education”. face up to: be brave enough to accept or deal with (a problem or a difficulty)Language Points in the second partLanguage Points in the second partSequence Sequence N-COUNT A sequence of events or things is a number of events or things

50、 that come one after another in a particular order. 一系列; 一連串 .a sequence of events which led to the murder 導(dǎo)致這起謀殺的一連串事件A particular sequence is a particular order in which things happen or are arranged. 次序; 順序The essay is written in chronological sequence.連續(xù)的歉收（連續(xù)的歉收（bad harvest）迫使一些非洲國家請求外國）迫使一些非洲國

51、家請求外國援助（援助（foreign aid）。）。A sequence of bad harvests forced some African countries to ask for foreign aid.CF: sequence & seriessequence 是指是指“先后銜接的次序先后銜接的次序”。這種次序可以是。這種次序可以是歷史性的，即事態(tài)發(fā)生時(shí)的先后次序；也可以是邏歷史性的，即事態(tài)發(fā)生時(shí)的先后次序；也可以是邏輯性的，即論點(diǎn)先后的銜接，相當(dāng)于漢語的輯性的，即論點(diǎn)先后的銜接，相當(dāng)于漢語的“語無語無倫次倫次”中的中的“倫次倫次”。例如：。例如：I have a poor

52、memory for dates and often mix up the sequence of events.我記日期的能力很差，常把事情的先后次序弄混。我記日期的能力很差，常把事情的先后次序弄混。Your argument lacks logical sequence, for your second point does not follow the first.你的論據(jù)缺乏邏輯順序，因?yàn)槟愕牡诙c(diǎn)與第一點(diǎn)銜你的論據(jù)缺乏邏輯順序，因?yàn)槟愕牡诙c(diǎn)與第一點(diǎn)銜接不上。接不上。series 是指是指“系列系列”、“組組”，可以有先后銜接，可以有先后銜接的次序，也可以沒有，但一系列或一組的東西的

53、次序，也可以沒有，但一系列或一組的東西一定自成一個(gè)完整的單位。例如：一定自成一個(gè)完整的單位。例如：Professor Li will give a series of lectures on the Middle East issue.The post office has issued a series of stamps commemorating the Olympic Games.郵政局發(fā)行了一組紀(jì)念奧運(yùn)會的郵票。郵政局發(fā)行了一組紀(jì)念奧運(yùn)會的郵票。 Collocation：in sequencein rapid sequencein regular sequencethe sequen

54、ce of events順次，挨次順次，挨次緊接著，一個(gè)接著一個(gè)緊接著，一個(gè)接著一個(gè)按次序，有條不紊按次序，有條不紊事情的先后順序事情的先后順序ViolateV-T If someone violates an agreement, law, or promise, they break it. 正式 They went to prison because they violated the law. 那些違反交通規(guī)則的人應(yīng)該受到處罰。 Those who violate traffic regulations should be punished.A country isnt respect

55、ed if it violates an international agreement. Violation 違反 To deprive the boy of his education is a violation of state law. 剝奪這個(gè)男孩的受教育權(quán)是一種違反州法律的行為。Language points in the third partcomposecommand: n. CONTROLCONTROL u. the control of a group of people or a situationunder somebodys commandExample: troo

56、ps under the command of General Robertsin command (of something)Examples: He felt fully in command of the situationtake command (of something) (=begin controlling a group or situation and making decisions)Example: The fire officer took command, ordering everyone to leave the building. ORDERc. an ord

57、er that should be obeyedExample: Shoot when I give the mand: v. ORDERvi. and vt. to tell someone officially to do something, especially if you are a military leader,a king etc command somebody to do somethingcommand that (subjunctive mood used)Examples: The king commanded that the victory day become

58、 a national holiday.Command: master, grasp He has a good command of English.hold back: If you hold back something such as tears or laughter, or if you hold back, you make an effort to stop yourself from showing how you feel. 克制住 (淚水或笑聲等) She struggled to hold back her tears. Anger flooded through he

59、r. She couldnt hold it back.avoid: to prevent something bad from happening avoid doing something Leaders in APEC Summit suggest economies to avoid protectionism. The refugees left to avoid getting bombed. He stayed away from the cafe so that he could avoid running into his former girl friend.the ele

60、venth hour: the last moment before sth. important happens他們的計(jì)劃在最后時(shí)刻被取消了。Their plan was called off at the eleventh hour.He made the agonizing decision at the eleventh hour.他在最后一刻作出一痛苦的決定。Put / set the seal on sth: to make something definite or complete使使成定局，成定局， 使使確定確定The ambassadors visit set the seal o