高一英語(yǔ)主謂一致人教版

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上專(zhuān)心-專(zhuān)注-專(zhuān)業(yè)高一英語(yǔ)高一英語(yǔ)主謂一致主謂一致人教版人教版【本講教育信息本講教育信息】一. 教學(xué)內(nèi)容：主謂一致二. 知識(shí)總結(jié)歸納（一）概述：主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)的一致：在英語(yǔ)表達(dá)中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式要和主語(yǔ)的人稱(chēng)和數(shù)保持一致。主要體現(xiàn)在 be 動(dòng)詞，助動(dòng)詞 do, have 以及一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)中的動(dòng)詞形式。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與主語(yǔ)保持一致的基本原則：語(yǔ)法一致，就近一致和意義一致。名詞或代詞做主語(yǔ)有人稱(chēng)和單，復(fù)數(shù)之分，動(dòng)詞的單數(shù)就是第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式，而動(dòng)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式即動(dòng)詞的原形。例句：1. I am seventeen, and he is sixteen.2. There is a des

2、k in the room, but there are no chairs in it.3. John gets up at six oclock every morning.4. What is the latest news about the Olympic Games ?5. The family are sitting at the breakfast table.（二）語(yǔ)法一致：1. 由 and 連接的兩個(gè)名詞或代詞做主語(yǔ)：（1）這部分主語(yǔ)表示的是兩個(gè)人或兩件不同的事物，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。例句： My brother and I have both seen that film

3、. Both rice and wheat are grown in this part of China. The poet and the novelist were both present at the meeting. Reading, writing and arithmetic are called the three Rs.（2）這部分主語(yǔ)表示具有兩個(gè)身份或性質(zhì)的同一個(gè)人或一個(gè)完整的事物，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。例句： The professor and writer is speaking at the meeting. War and peace is a constant t

4、heme in history. One more knife and fork is needed. The statesman and poet was engaged in warfare all his life. Law and order has been established. Bread and butter is our daily food. Fish and chips is a popular fast food. The stars and stripes is the national flag of U.S.A.（3）這部分主語(yǔ)前面有 each, every,

5、many a, no 等修飾時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)形式。例句： Each doctor and（each）nurse was given a new shirt. No sound and no voice is heard.精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上專(zhuān)心-專(zhuān)注-專(zhuān)業(yè) Many a boy and girl has made the same mistake. Every minute and every second is precious.2. 動(dòng)名詞，不定式，主語(yǔ)從句做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。例句： Reading is a great pleasure in life. To li

6、ve means to create. That we need more time is obvious. What is needed is food and medicine.3. 表示時(shí)間，金錢(qián)，距離，重量的復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示數(shù)量做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，被視為一個(gè)整體，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。例句： Three thousand miles is a long distance. Eight hours of sleep is enough.4. 不定代詞 anyone, anything, everyone, everything, someone, something, no one, nothing,

7、each the other 等做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。例句： Is anybody going to tell him the news ? Someone wants to see you.（三）就近原則由連詞 or, eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also, 連接的兩個(gè)名詞或代詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和離它最近的哪個(gè)名詞或代詞的人稱(chēng)和數(shù)一致。例句：1. Either you or Jean is to be sent to New Zealand.2. Not only his family but also he likes Chaplins m

8、ovies.3. Neither Tom nor the Browns enjoy their journey to Beijing owing to the bad weather.4. George or Tom is wanted.注意：注意：There be 句型中 be 的形式由它后面的第一個(gè)名詞的數(shù)決定。例句：1. There arent any letters in the mail for you today.2. There is a lamp, two pens and three books on the desk.3. Here are some envelopes a

9、nd paper for you.名詞后面帶有 with, along with, together with, besides, except, but, like, including, as well as, rather than 短語(yǔ)共同做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與這些短語(yǔ)前面的那個(gè)名詞的數(shù)一致。例句：1. All but one were here just now.2. A library with five thousand books is offered to that nation as a gift.3. An expert, together with some assist

10、ants, was sent to help in this work.4. You as well as I are wrong.（四）意義一致1. 代詞 none, neither, all 的不可數(shù)形式還是復(fù)數(shù)形式由它們指的內(nèi)容決定例句：（1）All hope has gone.精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上專(zhuān)心-專(zhuān)注-專(zhuān)業(yè)（2）All are agreed on this point.（3）Is there any milk in the fridge? No, there is none.（4）None has returned from the meeting.2. 集合名詞 grou

11、p, class, family, army, enemy, team 等名詞的單，復(fù)數(shù)形式根據(jù)它們強(qiáng)調(diào)的內(nèi)容而定。例句：（1）The class were all cheerful.（2）The team were taking over some new plays.（3）The group are reading the newspapers.（4）The army is going to remain in this town.（5）The army have rescued the travelers.3. 限定詞短語(yǔ) all of; none of; a lot of; 以及分?jǐn)?shù)/

12、百分?jǐn)?shù)+of .修飾名詞構(gòu)成的名詞短語(yǔ)做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式由 of 后面的名詞形式?jīng)Q定。例句：（1）None of these suggestions are very helpful.（2）I dont think any of us wants to work tomorrow.（3）Two-fifths of the students in the class are from Arabic-speaking countries.三. 難點(diǎn)突破1. 主謂一致的考查主要體現(xiàn)在單項(xiàng)選擇和短文改錯(cuò)兩個(gè)題型中。同學(xué)們?cè)诰毩?xí)和應(yīng)試時(shí)，遇到這樣的題時(shí)，要牢記主謂一致的三個(gè)基本原則。一定要根據(jù)句子

13、內(nèi)容抓住關(guān)鍵的主語(yǔ)部分。同時(shí)還要考慮句子的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。2. one of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞做定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與復(fù)數(shù)名詞一致。 the only one of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞做定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。例句：Jim was one of the boys who were late for class.Jim was the only one of the boys who was late for class.【典型例題典型例題】例 1 E-mail, as well as telephones, _ an important part in daily

14、 communication.A. is playingB. have playedC. are playingD. play分析：分析：帶有 as well as 短語(yǔ)的名詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與這個(gè)名詞的人稱(chēng)和數(shù)一致，不受 as well as 短語(yǔ)內(nèi)容的影響。E-mail 是單數(shù)形式，故選擇 A。例 2 Either John or his friends _ to blame for the bad results.A. areB. isC. wasD. has been分析：分析：eitheror.連接兩個(gè)名詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與離它最近的名詞的數(shù)和人稱(chēng)一致，本題中 his frie

15、nds 決定了謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式，故選擇 A。例 3 The conductor and composer _ by a crowd of people.A. are greetedB. is greetedC. greetsD. have been greeted分析：分析：根據(jù)句意，主語(yǔ)部分的 The conductor and composer 是指一個(gè)人即：樂(lè)隊(duì)指揮兼作曲家， 所以主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容是單數(shù)形式，故選擇 B。精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上專(zhuān)心-專(zhuān)注-專(zhuān)業(yè)例 4 The trousers _ you well, madam.But the colour _ me. A. fit; dont

16、 suit B. fits; doesnt suit C. fits; dont suit D. fit; doesnt suit分析：分析：trousers, clothes, glasses,等名詞本身就是復(fù)數(shù)形式。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Colour 是單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)，故選擇 D。例 5 The Smiths family, which _ rather a large one, _ very fond of their old house.A. were; wereB. was; wereC. were; wasD. was; was分析：分析：family 指“家庭”為單數(shù)，指“家庭成

17、員”為復(fù)數(shù)形式。第一空格前的 which 指“家庭” 謂語(yǔ)用 was. 第二空格后的 fond of 指“家庭成員喜歡他們的老房子” 謂語(yǔ)為were，故選擇 B。例 6 He is the only one of the students who _ a winner of scholarship for three years.A. is B. areC. have beenD. has been分析：分析：當(dāng)定語(yǔ)從句先行詞是“one of +復(fù)數(shù)形式”時(shí)， 其后的從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。而當(dāng) one 之前有 the only 時(shí)， 定語(yǔ)從句則強(qiáng)調(diào) the only one，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。

18、另外，題目中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) for three years 表明從句的時(shí)態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，故選擇 D。例 7 Three fifths of the police _ in the school near the town.A. has trainedB. have trained C. has been trained D. have been trained分析：分析：分?jǐn)?shù)+名詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式由分?jǐn)?shù)所指的名詞的形式（可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞）決定，police 是集合名詞為復(fù)數(shù)形式，根據(jù)句子意思，police 與 train 為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故選擇 D。短文改錯(cuò)片段：1. Now

19、 my picture and the prize is hanging in the library.分析：分析：本句中主語(yǔ) Now my picture and the prize 是復(fù)數(shù)形式，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 is 應(yīng)改為 are.2. Sometimes, we talked to each other very well in class, but after class we become stranger at once.分析：分析：本句第一行，根據(jù)全篇內(nèi)容的語(yǔ)境，應(yīng)當(dāng)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 talked改為 talk.第二行：根據(jù)句意：我們下課后立刻又成了陌生人。Stranger

20、應(yīng)當(dāng)與主語(yǔ) we 一致，改為復(fù)數(shù)形式，strangers.3. But not all information are good to society.分析：分析：主語(yǔ) information 是不可數(shù)名詞，are 應(yīng)改為 is【模擬試題模擬試題】1. Is there anybody in the classroom ?No, the teacher, together with the students _ to the playground.A. goB. went C. has goneD. have gone2. Are these your sheep ?No. Mine _ on

21、 grass at the foot of the hill.A. are feedingB. feedC. is fedD. is feeding3. Sitting at the back of the room but in front of some old men and women _ a very shy girl with two bright eyes.精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上專(zhuān)心-專(zhuān)注-專(zhuān)業(yè)A. wasB. are C. were D. there was4. Mr. Bush, together with his wife and daughter _ going to Japan next week.A. are B. isC. will beD. would be5. No