英語(一)自學(xué)教程Unit2

1、Unit2 A Path to FollowUnit2 A Path to FollowTextA Cracked or Perfect:We Can Make a Difference!TextA Cracked or Perfect:We Can Make a Difference!Words ExcisesWords Excisesunderneath underneath in charge of in charge of firedfiredcustomercustomercriticcriticrewardrewardfigure outfigure outbe familiar

2、withbe familiar withaccidental accidental Words ExcisesWords Excisesunderneath underneath 在在下面下面in charge of in charge of 負責(zé)負責(zé)firedfired 開除開除customercustomer 顧客顧客criticcritic 評論員，評論評論員，評論rewardreward 嘉獎嘉獎figure out figure out 理解理解be familiar with be familiar with 對對熟悉熟悉accidental accidental 偶然的，無心的偶

3、然的，無心的 When one door of happiness When one door of happiness closes, another opens.closes, another opens.一扇幸福之門關(guān)閉時，另一扇便會開啟一扇幸福之門關(guān)閉時，另一扇便會開啟。 -Helen Adams Keller-Helen Adams Keller海 倫海 倫 亞 當(dāng) 斯亞 當(dāng) 斯 凱 勒 （凱 勒 （ H e l e n H e l e n Adams KellerAdams Keller，1880.6.27-1880.6.27-1968.6.11968.6.1），），1919世紀(jì)美

4、國女作家、世紀(jì)美國女作家、教育家、慈善家、社會活動家，盲教育家、慈善家、社會活動家，盲聾人。享年聾人。享年8888歲。歲。8787年生活在無聲年生活在無聲、無光的世界中。在十九個月時因、無光的世界中。在十九個月時因患猩紅熱而被奪去視力和聽力。她患猩紅熱而被奪去視力和聽力。她完成了一系列著作，并致力于為殘完成了一系列著作，并致力于為殘疾人造福，建立慈善機構(gòu)，疾人造福，建立慈善機構(gòu)，19641964年年榮獲榮獲“總統(tǒng)自由勛章總統(tǒng)自由勛章”，次年入選，次年入選美國美國時代周刊時代周刊評選評選“二十世紀(jì)二十世紀(jì)美國十大英雄偶像美國十大英雄偶像”之一。之一。18991899年年6 6月考入哈佛大學(xué)拉德克

5、利夫女子月考入哈佛大學(xué)拉德克利夫女子學(xué)院。主要著作有學(xué)院。主要著作有假如給我三天假如給我三天光明光明我的生活我的生活我的老師我的老師等。等。人物簡介人物簡介出生出生1919個月就因病失去了視覺個月就因病失去了視覺、聽覺和說話能力，然而就是、聽覺和說話能力，然而就是這樣一位又盲又聾又啞的重度這樣一位又盲又聾又啞的重度殘障者，卻創(chuàng)造了人生的奇跡殘障者，卻創(chuàng)造了人生的奇跡。在老師安妮。在老師安妮沙利文的教育沙利文的教育和幫助下，她不僅學(xué)會了讀書和幫助下，她不僅學(xué)會了讀書、寫作和說話，并且以驚人的、寫作和說話，并且以驚人的毅力完成了在哈佛大學(xué)拉德克毅力完成了在哈佛大學(xué)拉德克利夫?qū)W院四年的學(xué)業(yè)，成為人利

6、夫?qū)W院四年的學(xué)業(yè)，成為人類歷史上第一位獲得文學(xué)學(xué)士類歷史上第一位獲得文學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位的盲聾人。學(xué)位的盲聾人。pre-reading Qustionspre-reading Qustions 1.Do you ever feel ashamed?1.Do you ever feel ashamed? 2.What suggestions have you got from 2.What suggestions have you got from your teachers or anybody else about your teachers or anybody else about how to

7、 gain confidence?how to gain confidence?Reading ComprehensionReading ComprehensionPara.1 One of the pots had a crack in it, while the other Para.1 One of the pots had a crack in it, while the other pot was perfect and always delivered a full portion of water pot was perfect and always delivered a fu

8、ll portion of water at the end of the long walk from the sceam to the masters at the end of the long walk from the sceam to the masters house.house.其中一個罐子上面有一道裂縫，而另一個罐子完好無損，可以讓挑水其中一個罐子上面有一道裂縫，而另一個罐子完好無損，可以讓挑水工從小溪到雇主家的這一段長長的路挑回滿滿一罐水。工從小溪到雇主家的這一段長長的路挑回滿滿一罐水。NoteNote：While:While:雖然，但是，在此句中起轉(zhuǎn)折作用雖然，但是，在此

9、句中起轉(zhuǎn)折作用deliverdeliver傳送，遞送傳送，遞送 Reading ComprehensionReading ComprehensionPara.4 Iam ashamed of myself, and want to apologize to Para.4 Iam ashamed of myself, and want to apologize to youyou我為自己感到慚愧，想向你道歉我為自己感到慚愧，想向你道歉 be ashamed of “be ashamed of “為為感到慚愧感到慚愧”apologize to sb. for sth.“apologize to s

10、b. for sth.“因為某事向某人道歉因為某事向某人道歉”Reading ComprehensionReading ComprehensionFor these past two years I have been able to deliver only For these past two years I have been able to deliver only half my load because this crack in my side causes water to half my load because this crack in my side causes wa

11、ter to leak out all the way back to your masters house”“l(fā)eak out all the way back to your masters house”“過去的過去的兩年中，每次你回雇主家的路上，水從我的裂縫中滲出，到家時就只兩年中，每次你回雇主家的路上，水從我的裂縫中滲出，到家時就只剩下半罐了剩下半罐了”loadload在這個作名詞解釋，表示在這個作名詞解釋，表示“裝載量，工作量裝載量，工作量”load:v.load:v.裝載裝載leak out leak out 泄露掉泄露掉 n.leakage n.leakageReading Co

12、mprehensionReading ComprehensionPara8. And so as they went up the hill,the old cracked pot Para8. And so as they went up the hill,the old cracked pot notice of the sun warming the beatiful wild flowers on the notice of the sun warming the beatiful wild flowers on the side of the path,and this cheere

13、d it up.side of the path,and this cheered it up.因此，當(dāng)他們上山時，因此，當(dāng)他們上山時，這個有裂縫的舊罐子注意到太陽正照著路旁美麗的野花，這讓它高興這個有裂縫的舊罐子注意到太陽正照著路旁美麗的野花，這讓它高興起來。起來。take notice of take notice of 注意到，留心到注意到，留心到 cheer up “cheer up “振奮起來，高興起來振奮起來，高興起來”=cheer on”=cheer onReading ComprehensionReading ComprehensionPara.9 Without you be

14、ing just the way you are, he would not Para.9 Without you being just the way you are, he would not have such beauty to grace his house.have such beauty to grace his house.倘若你不漏水，他就沒有這么美麗的鮮花來裝飾屋子了。倘若你不漏水，他就沒有這么美麗的鮮花來裝飾屋子了。W i t h o u t “W i t h o u t “要不是要不是 ” ， 后 面 加 句 子 ， 從 句 需 要 使 用 虛 擬 語 氣， 后 面 加

15、 句 子 ， 從 句 需 要 使 用 虛 擬 語 氣(would/could+(would/could+具體時態(tài)具體時態(tài)) )。類似結(jié)構(gòu)還有。類似結(jié)構(gòu)還有“but for ;in the “but for ;in the absence of”absence of”Eg:Without your help, I would have failed the exam last week.Eg:Without your help, I would have failed the exam last week.要不是你的幫助，上周的考試我就過不了了。要不是你的幫助，上周的考試我就過不了了。grace

16、 grace 為為增色，裝飾增色，裝飾 n.n.優(yōu)雅優(yōu)雅New WordsNew Words1 1：cracked adj. cracked adj. 有裂縫的；破裂的有裂縫的；破裂的 crack crack 裂紋裂紋復(fù)數(shù)：復(fù)數(shù)：cracks cracks 過去式：過去式：cracked cracked 過去分詞：過去分詞：cracked cracked 現(xiàn)現(xiàn)在分詞：在分詞：cracking cracking 第三人稱單數(shù)：第三人稱單數(shù)：cracks cracks 2 2：bearer n. bearer n. 持票人；送信人；搬運工人持票人；送信人；搬運工人 3 3：pot n. pot n

17、. 罐；容器；陶盆罐；容器；陶盆 4 4：pole n.pole n.物物 極點，頂點；地極；桿子極點，頂點；地極；桿子 5 5：deliver vi.deliver vi.遞送；傳送遞送；傳送 He delivered them the He delivered them the goods.goods.他給他們送來了一些貨物。他給他們送來了一些貨物。 6 6：portion n. portion n. 一部分一部分 詞根：詞根：port =part/divide,port =part/divide,表示表示 部分部分, ,分開分開 7 7：stream n. stream n. 河流，小河

18、，溪河流，小河，溪 8 8：master n.master n.碩士；碩士；( (男男) )主人；大師主人；大師 學(xué)士：學(xué)士： 博士：博士： 9 9：accomplishment n. accomplishment n. 成就；成績成就；成績 accomplish accomplish vt.vt.完成；達到（目的）；完成；達到（目的）； 1010：imperfection n. imperfection n. 不完美；缺點，瑕疵不完美；缺點，瑕疵 perfect perfect adj. adj. 完美的；完美的； 1111：miserable adj.miserable adj.悲慘的；令

19、人痛苦的；非常難受悲慘的；令人痛苦的；非常難受的的 詞根：詞根：miser=wretched,miser=wretched,表示表示 可憐的可憐的 (miser(miser可憐的可憐的+able+able可以可以的的adj.adj.痛苦的痛苦的, ,悲慘的悲慘的) ) 1212：perceive v. perceive v. 將將理解為；將理解為；將視為；認為視為；認為 (per(per全部全部+ceive+ceive抓抓全部抓住全部抓住發(fā)覺發(fā)覺) ) 詞根：詞根：ceive=take/hold/seize, ceive=take/hold/seize, 表示表示 拿拿, ,抓抓, ,握住握住

20、 1313：bitter adj. bitter adj. 令人不快的；使人悲痛的令人不快的；使人悲痛的 a a long and bitter dispute long and bitter dispute 漫漫長的激烈爭論長的激烈爭論 bitterness n. bitterness n. 苦味；痛苦；憤憤不平苦味；痛苦；憤憤不平 悲慘世界悲慘世界1414：apologize vi. apologize vi. 道歉，認錯；道歉，認錯； I apologize for I apologize for being late. being late. 我為自己的遲到致歉。我為自己的遲到致歉。

21、1515：load n. load n. 負荷；負擔(dān)；裝載；工作量負荷；負擔(dān)；裝載；工作量 反義詞反義詞unload unload 卸貨；去除負擔(dān)卸貨；去除負擔(dān) 1616：flaw n. flaw n. 瑕疵，缺點；錯誤瑕疵，缺點；錯誤 指結(jié)構(gòu)指結(jié)構(gòu)或組織上的缺點，如破裂之處。用作比喻意義時，指品格或組織上的缺點，如破裂之處。用作比喻意義時，指品格上的缺陷上的缺陷 1717：compassion n. compassion n. 憐憫，同情；惻隱之心憐憫，同情；惻隱之心 詞根：詞根：pass=feeling,pass=feeling,表示表示 感情感情; ; 1818：trail n. tra

22、il n. 小路；小徑小路；小徑 1919：reply n. reply n. 回答，答復(fù)；回答，答復(fù)； (re (re回回+ply+ply折折折回去折回去答復(fù)答復(fù)) ) reply to reply to 2020：decorate vt. decorate vt. 裝飾；裝潢，布置裝飾；裝潢，布置 decoration decoration 裝飾品裝飾品 decorate the classroom with balloonsdecorate the classroom with balloons2121：grace v.grace v.為為增色；為增色；為錦上添花錦上添花; ;裝飾裝飾

23、詞根：詞根：grat=pleasing,grat=pleasing,表示表示 感激感激, ,高興高興 n.n.優(yōu)雅；恩惠優(yōu)雅；恩惠2222：moral n.moral n.寓意，教訓(xùn)寓意，教訓(xùn); ;教益教益 adj.adj.道德的；精神上道德的；精神上的的 23 23：being n.being n.存在；生物；人；要素，本質(zhì)存在；生物；人；要素，本質(zhì)Phrases and ExpressionsPhrases and Expressions1 1：be ashamed of be ashamed of 為為感到羞愧，慚愧感到羞愧，慚愧 ashamed adj. ashamed adj. 慚愧

24、的，羞恥的慚愧的，羞恥的; ;難為情的難為情的 There is nothing to be ashamed of. There is nothing to be ashamed of. 沒有什么可難為沒有什么可難為情的。情的。 the poor cracked pot was ashamed of its the poor cracked pot was ashamed of its imperfection and miserable that it was able to imperfection and miserable that it was able to accomplish

25、only half of what it had been made to accomplish only half of what it had been made to do. do. 破陶罐因為自己的瑕疵而羞慚難當(dāng)，為只能完成一破陶罐因為自己的瑕疵而羞慚難當(dāng)，為只能完成一半的工作而痛苦不堪。半的工作而痛苦不堪。2 2：leak out leak out 滲漏，泄露；滲漏，泄露； leak vi. leak vi. 漏出；透露漏出；透露 3 3：fell sorry for fell sorry for 憐憫；同情憐憫；同情 I feel sorry for I feel sorry fo

26、r you. you. 我為你感到惋惜。我為你感到惋惜。 4 4：take notice of take notice of 注意，注意到，理睬注意，注意到，理睬 Dont Dont take any notice of him; he is kidding around. take any notice of him; he is kidding around. 別理別理他，他不過是在胡鬧。他，他不過是在胡鬧。5 5：cheer up cheer up 振作起來振作起來; ; 使變得更高興使變得更高興 Cheer up, Becky, and lets go on trying. Cheer

27、 up, Becky, and lets go on trying. 貝基，打貝基，打起精神來！我們再去試它一試。起精神來！我們再去試它一試?！?” 6 6：take advantage of take advantage of 利用利用; ; 欺騙，占欺騙，占的便宜的便宜 Take Take advantage of low-season airfares. advantage of low-season airfares. 利用淡季飛機票價。利用淡季飛機票價。Text BText B1.Have you ever seen beggars on the street? How do you

28、 feel 1.Have you ever seen beggars on the street? How do you feel when they ask you fpr money?when they ask you fpr money?2.What do you think of beggars on the steet singing for 2.What do you think of beggars on the steet singing for passers-by?passers-by?Reading ComprehensionReading ComprehensionA

29、few years ago,I took a sightseeing trip to A few years ago,I took a sightseeing trip to Washington,D.C(Para.1)Washington,D.C(Para.1)幾年前，我來到華盛頓特區(qū)觀光旅行。幾年前，我來到華盛頓特區(qū)觀光旅行。take a trip to take a trip to 到到旅行旅行Reading ComprehensionReading ComprehensionWhen I turn around, I saw an elderly blind woman with he

30、r When I turn around, I saw an elderly blind woman with her hand extended.(Para.2)hand extended.(Para.2)我一轉(zhuǎn)身，看見一個雙目失明的老婦人伸出我一轉(zhuǎn)身，看見一個雙目失明的老婦人伸出手。手。turn around “turn around “轉(zhuǎn)身轉(zhuǎn)身”turn out“turn out“拒絕、生產(chǎn)拒絕、生產(chǎn)”turn overz“turn overz“思考思考”turn up“turn up“出現(xiàn)出現(xiàn)”表示上了年紀(jì)的委婉表達表示上了年紀(jì)的委婉表達“senior citizen,the aged

31、,advanced in “senior citizen,the aged,advanced in age”age”Reading ComprehensionReading ComprehensionI was annoyed at being bothered by a beggar.(Para.2)I was annoyed at being bothered by a beggar.(Para.2)被一個乞被一個乞丐打擾使得我惱火。丐打擾使得我惱火。 be annoyed at “ be annoyed at “被某事惹惱被某事惹惱”I was annoyed at the childn

32、ess of her remark.I was annoyed at the childness of her remark.她孩子氣的話語令我惱火。她孩子氣的話語令我惱火。Reading ComprehensionReading ComprehensionI have also witnessed similiar treatment of my family and I have also witnessed similiar treatment of my family and friends,so I know what its like, and I should have know

33、n friends,so I know what its like, and I should have known better.(Para.7)better.(Para.7)我還親眼目睹過我的家人和朋友遇到類似的情形，我還親眼目睹過我的家人和朋友遇到類似的情形，所以我知道那是什么樣的感受。我早該明白這一點的。所以我知道那是什么樣的感受。我早該明白這一點的。witness v.“witness v.“當(dāng)場看到，目擊當(dāng)場看到，目擊” n.“” n.“目擊者，見證人，證人目擊者，見證人，證人”句子中的句子中的should have known bettershould have known be

34、tter的意思是的意思是“本應(yīng)該明白事理本應(yīng)該明白事理”，這里用了虛擬語氣，實際上是做了這事（指輕視那位婦女）這里用了虛擬語氣，實際上是做了這事（指輕視那位婦女）Reading ComprehensionReading ComprehensionBut now, living in my American middle-class lifestyle,it is But now, living in my American middle-class lifestyle,it is all too easy to forget my past,to forget who I am and whe

35、re all too easy to forget my past,to forget who I am and where I have been, and to lose sight of where I want to be I have been, and to lose sight of where I want to be going.(Para.8)going.(Para.8)但是現(xiàn)在，過著美國中層階級的生活，我很容易忘記但是現(xiàn)在，過著美國中層階級的生活，我很容易忘記我的過去，忘記我自己是誰，曾經(jīng)從哪里來，也忘記現(xiàn)在想去往何方我的過去，忘記我自己是誰，曾經(jīng)從哪里來，也忘記現(xiàn)在想去

36、往何方。middle-class middle-class 中層階級中層階級upper class upper class 上層階級上層階級lower class lower class 下層階級下層階級Reading ComprehensionReading ComprehensionThat blind woman on the street of Washington,D.C. cured me That blind woman on the street of Washington,D.C. cured me of my self-induced blindness(Para.8)of

37、 my self-induced blindness(Para.8)那個在華盛頓特區(qū)街上的罵那個在華盛頓特區(qū)街上的罵人女士治好了我心靈的蒙蔽。人女士治好了我心靈的蒙蔽。cure sb. of “cure sb. of “使某人恢復(fù)健康，治療使某人恢復(fù)健康，治療”No medicine can cure a man of discontent.No medicine can cure a man of discontent.沒有藥能消除一個人沒有藥能消除一個人的不滿。的不滿。Reading ComprehensionReading ComprehensionShe reminded me of

38、my belief in humility and to always keep She reminded me of my belief in humility and to always keep my eyes and heart open.(Para.8)my eyes and heart open.(Para.8)她提醒我謙卑是我的人生信條，她提醒我謙卑是我的人生信條，應(yīng)當(dāng)永遠擦亮雙眼，敞開心扉。應(yīng)當(dāng)永遠擦亮雙眼，敞開心扉。remind sb. of “remind sb. of “提醒某人某事，使某人記起某事提醒某人某事，使某人記起某事”remind sb. to do sth.“

39、remind sb. to do sth.“提醒某人做某事提醒某人做某事”Please remind me to attend the meeting.Please remind me to attend the meeting.請?zhí)嵝盐乙獏⒓訒h。請?zhí)嵝盐乙獏⒓訒h。New wordsNew words1 1：humility n. humility n. 謙遜，謙虛謙遜，謙虛 詞根：詞根：hum = earth hum = earth , , 表示表示 土土, ,地地 lity lity是抽象名詞后綴是抽象名詞后綴 2 2：sightseeing n. sightseeing n. 觀光，

40、游覽觀光，游覽 詞根：詞根：sight= sight= vision, vision, 表示表示 眼光；觀察，看眼光；觀察，看 go sightseeing go sightseeing觀光、旅游觀光、旅游3 3：treasure n. treasure n. 金銀財寶；寶藏；珍寶金銀財寶；寶藏；珍寶 trea trea 可靠的，鎮(zhèn)店之寶可靠的，鎮(zhèn)店之寶+sure +sure 確信確信 4 4：fellow adj. fellow adj. 同伴的；同類的同伴的；同類的 5 5：unfortunate adj. unfortunate adj. 不幸的，倒霉的；不幸的，倒霉的； fortuna

41、te fortunate adj. adj. 僥幸的，幸運的；僥幸的，幸運的； 6 6：panhandler n. panhandler n. 乞丐；乞丐；叫花子叫花子 7 7：folk n. folk n. 人們?nèi)藗? ;民族；家屬民族；家屬 folk song folk song 民歌民歌 adj.adj.民間的民間的 8 8：elderly adj. elderly adj. 上了年紀(jì)的；過了中年的；較老上了年紀(jì)的；過了中年的；較老的的 與與older older 差不多差不多 the elderly the elderly 老年人老年人在英語中，我們經(jīng)常使用在英語中，我們經(jīng)常使用“th

42、e+“the+形容詞形容詞”來表示某一類人來表示某一類人9 9：extend v. extend v. 延伸；舒展；展開（尤指手臂或腿延伸；舒展；展開（尤指手臂或腿） eg:The border extends as far as the rivereg:The border extends as far as the river 邊界一直延伸到河邊。邊界一直延伸到河邊。eg:His power extends over the whole countryeg:His power extends over the whole country他的勢力擴大到全國。他的勢力擴大到全國。1010：re

43、flex n. reflex n. 反射動作；本能反應(yīng)反射動作；本能反應(yīng); ; 1111：loose change n. loose change n. （口袋或包里隨身帶的）零錢（口袋或包里隨身帶的）零錢 pin money pin money 零花錢零花錢 1212：prejudice n. prejudice n. 成見，偏見，歧視成見，偏見，歧視 傲慢與偏見傲慢與偏見Pride and PrejudicePride and Prejudice1313：assume v. assume v. 假定；假設(shè)；認為假定；假設(shè)；認為 (as (as加強動作加強動作+sume+sume拿拿, ,取

44、取拿住拿住認為是認為是 假定假定, , 詞根：詞根：sume=take,sume=take,表示表示 拿拿, ,取取 n.assumption n.assumption 假定；假設(shè)假定；假設(shè)1414：incident n. incident n. 事件，發(fā)生的事情（尤指不尋常的事件，發(fā)生的事情（尤指不尋常的或討厭的）或討厭的） 偶然事件偶然事件 (in (in進入進入+cid+cid落下落下+ent+ent掉進來的事件掉進來的事件) ) 15 15：reawaken v. reawaken v. 勾起，喚起，再次引發(fā)（感情、勾起，喚起，再次引發(fā)（感情、回憶等）回憶等）reawaken reaw

45、aken 1616：core n. core n. 核心核心( (信念、價值、原則等信念、價值、原則等) )，精髓；，精髓； (cor (cor心臟心臟, ,一致一致+en.+en.果核果核, , 中心中心, , 核心核心) ) Finance is the core of modern economic development. Finance is the core of modern economic development.金融是現(xiàn)代經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的核心。金融是現(xiàn)代經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的核心。1717：reaffirm vt. reaffirm vt. 重申；再次確定重申；再次確定 re re再次再次 + affirm + affirm 肯定肯定，證實，證實 1818：immigrant n. immi