江蘇高考英語(yǔ)秘籍寶典——各專項(xiàng)做題技巧

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上1、 單項(xiàng)選擇1、 考點(diǎn)定語(yǔ)從句、名詞性從句、狀語(yǔ)從句、動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、虛擬語(yǔ)氣、特殊句式（倒裝、強(qiáng)調(diào)、省略、反意疑問(wèn)句等）、情景交際、詞匯辨析：名詞、形容詞、動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)2、做題技巧（1）刪除冗余信息命題人通過(guò)添加插入語(yǔ)、限定語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)等成分，無(wú)疑增加了句子的復(fù)雜程度，造成學(xué)生的視覺(jué)差異，從而導(dǎo)致思維錯(cuò)位，產(chǎn)生誤導(dǎo)。解答這類題通常采用的方法是“刪除法”，去掉多余信息(插入語(yǔ)、限定語(yǔ)等)，答案就顯而易見(jiàn)了。He hasn't come yet.What do you consider _ to him?Ahappens Bhas ha

2、ppenedChappening Dto happen（2） 補(bǔ)全省略成分省略句很容易影響學(xué)生對(duì)句子結(jié)構(gòu)的準(zhǔn)確把握。典型的省略句有：不定式的省略、狀語(yǔ)從句的省略、句子謂語(yǔ)的省略、主謂語(yǔ)的省略及強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的省略等。解答此類題的較好方法是“補(bǔ)全法”。句子結(jié)構(gòu)補(bǔ)充完整后，干擾因素也就隨之消失，答案也就容易判斷了。The research is so designed that once _ nothing can be done to change it.Abegins Bhaving begunCbeginning Dbegun（3） 還原句子結(jié)構(gòu)命題人可以利用強(qiáng)調(diào)句、被動(dòng)句、疑問(wèn)句、倒裝句、感嘆句

3、、拆分句等特殊結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)改變句子的正常詞序，造成搭配上的假象，從而達(dá)到干擾的目的。這類題有相當(dāng)大的迷惑性，極易導(dǎo)致學(xué)生上當(dāng)。解此類題最可靠的方法是“還原法”。只要恢復(fù)了它的廬山真面目，答案就一目了然了。Which do you feel like _ time on the train, chatting with friends or just reading something?Ato kill Bto shareCkilling Dsharing（4）排除語(yǔ)境干擾設(shè)題者常通過(guò)變換句子的正常結(jié)構(gòu)，利用詞語(yǔ)的不同含義和用法，詞形的變化，各種搭配，標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)，轉(zhuǎn)折詞等設(shè)置干擾語(yǔ)境誤導(dǎo)學(xué)生。碰上此類陷

4、阱題時(shí)，考生務(wù)必認(rèn)真審題，弄清句子的基本結(jié)構(gòu)，分析句子所處的語(yǔ)境，了解句子的真正含義，最后作出正確的選擇。You _ pay too much attention to your reading skill, as it is so important.A can't Bshould Cmust Dneedn't（5）識(shí)別相似表達(dá)英語(yǔ)中有些句式結(jié)構(gòu)形相似而實(shí)不相同，命題者經(jīng)常利用這一點(diǎn)來(lái)設(shè)計(jì)“陷阱”。此類題粗看起來(lái)非常類似某個(gè)熟悉的句式，極易造成學(xué)生思維錯(cuò)覺(jué)。做此類題不能粗心大意，要注重語(yǔ)境，理解句意，強(qiáng)化對(duì)易混句的辨析，有意識(shí)地改變思維定勢(shì)。I'll go to Be

5、ijing on business tomorrow.Do you have anything _ to your son studying in Beijing University?Ato be taken Bto takeCtaken Dbeing takenYou'll go to Beijing on business tomorrow.Do you have anything _ to your son studying in Beijing University?Ato be taken Bto takeCtaken Dbeing taken2、 完形填空完形填空做題技巧

6、一、高考完形填空命題趨勢(shì)：選材特點(diǎn): 以記敘文為主, 多以記敘文和夾敘夾意為主 純議論文命題特點(diǎn): (1) 設(shè)空特點(diǎn): 實(shí)詞為主、虛詞為輔，單詞為主、短語(yǔ)為輔 動(dòng)詞、名詞、形容詞、副詞、代詞等實(shí)詞 80% 介詞、連詞、冠詞等虛詞則相對(duì)考得較少 (2) 考點(diǎn)層次分三部: 里邊層次：(語(yǔ)篇層次30%以上)體現(xiàn)了突出語(yǔ)篇的命題思路句子層次：(占70%左右)單詞層次：(只須讀懂單詞所在句子就能做,分?jǐn)?shù)較少) (3)考查重點(diǎn): 短文第一句不設(shè)問(wèn).高考完形填空題型特點(diǎn)1. 以敘為主, 敘議結(jié)合; 2. 篇章短小, 意義完整;3. 首句完整, 主題明確;4. 結(jié)構(gòu)清晰, 層次分明;5. 考查語(yǔ)境, 側(cè)重辨析

7、;6. 實(shí)詞為主, 虛詞為輔;7. 邏輯推理, 隱于語(yǔ)篇;8. 常識(shí)語(yǔ)法, 每年出現(xiàn)。完型填空 之能力訓(xùn)練目標(biāo)：1.詞語(yǔ)辨析能力2.語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)分析能力3.語(yǔ)篇理解能力4.邏輯推理能力5.文化背景透析能力6.作者意圖剖析能力8.生活常識(shí)綜合運(yùn)用能力二、考生易失分之處：1、忽視行文邏輯，斷章取義，就題論題。2、脫離語(yǔ)境，濫用固定搭配。3、缺乏必要的生活常識(shí)和不了解中西文化的差異。做題三忌：v 急于求成，未通讀全文便忙于答題，不了解文意，無(wú)整體概念邊讀邊填，兩眼忙于空白與選項(xiàng)之間，欲速則不達(dá)。v 只摳字眼，語(yǔ)法，不顧文意，抓不住關(guān)鍵。v 斷章取義，就題論題，不管前后聯(lián)系，互不照應(yīng)，前后矛盾。三、做題三

8、步法方法：四、巧解完形填空高分技巧九大方法巧解完形一、利用首句來(lái)解題，根據(jù)全文來(lái)選擇 I did very badly at school. My headmaster thought I was   36   and when I was 14 he said, “Youre never going to be 37(anything) but a failure. ”   A. bright      B. useless   &#

9、160;    C. simple      D. hopeful二、根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境，合理推斷來(lái)解題Our father was a struggling lawyer, but I always knew he was  37 . He never criticized us, but used 38 to bring out our best.    37. A. strict      B. hone

10、st       C. special    D. learned 38. A. help B. peace C. smile D. praisePractice： His big stomach has always ballooned out between his T-shirt and trousers. Although his family often 43 about that, Ed refused to buy a 44 T-shirt or to lose weight. 43. A.

11、 cared B. forgot C. quarreled D. joked 44. A. clean B. straight C. larger D. darker三、利用語(yǔ)篇標(biāo)志解題（三找）常見(jiàn)的標(biāo)志性的詞語(yǔ)有以下幾種：結(jié)構(gòu)層次:firstly, secondly, thirdly；邏輯關(guān)系：thus, therefore, so；遞進(jìn)關(guān)系：besides, whats more, further;轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系：but, while, however, on the other hand等。She told the front-desk clerk she had had a(n) 41 va

12、cation, but was heart-broken about losing several rolls of Kodak color film she had not yet developed. A. disappointing B. wonderful C. uncomfortable D. important1、找邏輯關(guān)系題（轉(zhuǎn)折、讓步、解釋、對(duì)立、因果、并列、總分、遞進(jìn)） 2、找NOT題（在原文中找not）句式結(jié)構(gòu)：前面肯定后面否定、前面否定后面肯定，則選對(duì)立關(guān)系的詞?？键c(diǎn)：（以下條件缺一不可）考查的是一個(gè)肯定句和否定句之間的邏輯關(guān)系，空前后必須是獨(dú)立的句子；出題位置在兩個(gè)句子

13、之間或第二個(gè)句子的開頭，不能處在一個(gè)句子的末尾或中間；選項(xiàng)中必須要有對(duì)立關(guān)系的詞。 3、找AND題（在原文中找and）考點(diǎn)：and前后選同義詞，詞性一致；and前后選同一范圍詞；and前后句子對(duì)應(yīng)成分相同；在文章中，并列關(guān)系詞前后如果出題，利用已知關(guān)系解題。 4、找同現(xiàn)復(fù)現(xiàn)原則Liumei is among the _22_ ones. The Chinese University of Hong Kong granted (答應(yīng)給）Liu a full scholarship - HK$500,000. Not all students are so fortunate. 22. A. po

14、or B. smart C. lucky D. silent Friendship is one of the permanent themes in the literature of all language. Some of us like _2_ friends while others like different friends. Personally I prefer both. Having similar friends has many advantages. 2. A. true B. right C. same D. similar四、根據(jù)邏輯推理解題and the o

15、fficers then began to eat their meal , saying that the mushrooms had a very strange_quite pleasant taste.A. besides B. but C. and D. or 五、根據(jù)常識(shí)和文化背景的角度來(lái)選擇The amount of usable water has always been of great interest in the world. 36(Owning) springs and streams sometimes means control , particularly in

16、 the 37 areas like the desert.                Adry       Bdistant        Cdeserted        Dwild 六、從語(yǔ)法角度來(lái)解題I went into a café and asked

17、for a coffee .   21   I was waiting for my drink, I realized that there were other people in the place , but I sensed  22 (loneliness). ABefore        BSince        CAlthough       DWhi

18、leHave you ever shouted at a teacher, told someone you were lonely, or said you were in love, and then 23 later you had kept your mouth shut?23. A. wished B. hoped C. blamed D. shared解題思路：利用語(yǔ)法分析解題，選項(xiàng)中的動(dòng)詞都是過(guò)去式，其后句賓語(yǔ)從句had kept是過(guò)去完成時(shí)，故判斷是虛擬。七、從慣用法和固定搭配方面來(lái)解題 1) He was only fourteen and was not good at s

19、wimming_1_.So he shouldnt have gone into that place. 1.A.after all B. in all C.at all D. for all八、從詞語(yǔ)辨析的角度來(lái)解題When, two weeks later, I 38 this same boy, I was more aware of my position in Nigerian society. I should 9(enjoy) this country as the son of a minister.A. ran after B. ran into C. ran over D.

20、 ran to 九、同義近義復(fù)現(xiàn)來(lái)解題I believe that a mixture of friends is equally advantageous. One can _7_ from various sorts of friends in three aspects. First, frequent contacts with different friends broaden my world outlooks. Just as various kinds of nutriments keep you healthy, making a _8_ of friends keep yo

21、u lively. Secondly, I have found that different friends can not only lead to new adventures but also show me new avenues to success in life. 7. A. obtain B. benefit C. suffer D. earn8. A. range B. series C. quantity D. variety五、完型填空實(shí)戰(zhàn)四招：抓首抓住首句,預(yù)測(cè)全文。完形填空所選短文多沒(méi)有標(biāo)題,但一般首句是一個(gè)不設(shè)空(或較簡(jiǎn)單)的完整的句子,往往用以點(diǎn)明短文的體裁,如

22、議論、說(shuō)明或敘述等。因此,我們?cè)诮忸}時(shí)一定要注意以首句的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)及表述方式為立足點(diǎn)來(lái)進(jìn)行邏輯思維,判斷文章體裁,找出文章中心。捕眼捕捉題眼,尋找契機(jī)所謂“題眼”,就是指那些在短文中起重要作用的關(guān)鍵詞以及能夠幫助我們解決問(wèn)題問(wèn)題的特定的語(yǔ)境。捕捉題眼,就是要迅速找到語(yǔ)篇中的特殊的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系那些表示因果、遞進(jìn)、轉(zhuǎn)折、指代等意義的連接詞及動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞、同位語(yǔ)等,還有那些明確具體的事實(shí)(如時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、形狀、色彩、順序),以及它們之間的關(guān)系等。跳身避難就易,節(jié)省時(shí)間在解題過(guò)程中,我們應(yīng)該遵循“先易后難”的原則,遇到少數(shù)疑難問(wèn)題時(shí)不可徘徊不前。為了不影響做題速度,我們可以暫時(shí)跳過(guò)難點(diǎn),去解決那

23、些靠上下文能確定的、比較直接具體的問(wèn)題?；蛟S在上文中難以判斷的題在下文中就有暗示或明確的表示,或許一個(gè)在前面不能解的題在填出了另一空后會(huì)令你豁然開朗。一般說(shuō)來(lái),固定詞組、習(xí)慣搭配、常見(jiàn)句型及明顯的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)等易于判斷。掃尾復(fù)讀全文,解決殘敵到了這時(shí),借助已經(jīng)補(bǔ)全的空白,我們應(yīng)該對(duì)全文有了更清楚的理解,可以集中解決所遺留的少數(shù)疑難問(wèn)題,如采用排除法逐步縮小包圍圈等方法。對(duì)于實(shí)在無(wú)從下手的個(gè)別題目,我們則完全可以憑語(yǔ)感來(lái)確定：把幾個(gè)選項(xiàng)逐一放在空格內(nèi)念兩遍,哪個(gè)念起來(lái)順口、舒服就選哪個(gè)。注意：憑語(yǔ)感選定的答案不要輕易改動(dòng),因?yàn)樽畛醯母杏X(jué)很可能是正確的。在各空都已填出后,再?gòu)?fù)讀全文。我們必須重視這最后

24、的彌補(bǔ)疏漏,改正錯(cuò)誤的掃尾機(jī)會(huì),以爭(zhēng)取最好成績(jī)。3、 閱讀理解閱讀理解做題技巧1、 閱讀理解概覽考綱對(duì)閱讀理解的主要要求：（1） 掌握所讀材料的主旨大意，以及用以說(shuō)明主旨大意的事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)。（2） 既理解具體的事實(shí)，也理解抽象的概念。（3） 既理解字面意思，也理解深層含義，包括作者的意圖態(tài)度等（4） 能理解某句某段的意義，并能把握全篇的文脈，即句與句，段與段之間的關(guān)系，并能據(jù)此進(jìn)行推理和判斷。（5） 能根據(jù)材料所提供的信息，結(jié)合中學(xué)生應(yīng)有的常識(shí)正確判斷生詞的含義。閱讀理解體裁特征：議論文（2010江蘇B，2012江蘇D，2013江蘇B）說(shuō)明文（2011江蘇C,2008江蘇A，2008江蘇B，20

25、09江蘇A，2009江蘇D，2010江蘇A，2010江蘇D，2012江蘇B，2012江蘇C，2013江蘇C）記敘文 （2011江蘇D，2008江蘇D，2009江蘇B，2013江蘇D）應(yīng)用文（2010江蘇C，2009江蘇C，2008江蘇C，2012江蘇A， 2013江蘇A）2 閱讀指導(dǎo)1、 日常閱讀指導(dǎo).保證一定的閱讀量，每天2-4篇。.有精讀有泛讀，不要篇篇都仔細(xì)看。.精讀應(yīng)以讀近幾年各地高考試題。.精讀時(shí)應(yīng)適當(dāng)練習(xí)句子成分分析，長(zhǎng)句難句增加，必然對(duì)學(xué)生分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)的基本功要求越來(lái)越高。.精讀時(shí)還要注意詞義詞性的辨別，后置定語(yǔ)，連接詞語(yǔ)以及由動(dòng)詞形式變化反映的句意的變化。.考前練限時(shí)閱讀，35

26、分鐘完成5篇總詞數(shù)約2400的各類文章。.注意總結(jié)四類問(wèn)題的答題規(guī)律（事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題、主旨大意題、推理判斷題、語(yǔ)義辨析題）。.除掌握高考詞匯表上的單詞外，還應(yīng)掌握考綱要求的構(gòu)詞法知識(shí)（比如今年高考中對(duì)于A篇unsettled一詞、C篇a turn-taking game等詞語(yǔ)的理解）。2、 閱讀理解做題指導(dǎo)（1）事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題A.正確答案的特點(diǎn)：與原文情節(jié)表達(dá)手法不同，但所表達(dá)的意思相同。B.干擾選項(xiàng)的特點(diǎn)：. 是原文信息，但與題目要求不符； . 符合常識(shí)，但不符合原文內(nèi)容； . 與原文情節(jié)極為相似，只是在程度上有些變動(dòng)； . 選項(xiàng)中所提供的信息部分正確，部分錯(cuò)誤； . 在意思上與原文大相徑庭甚至完全

27、相反。C.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題: 主要考查學(xué)生 對(duì)閱讀材料中的 某一特定細(xì)節(jié)或文章的主要事實(shí)的理解 能力,問(wèn)題主要包詢問(wèn)人(who)、物(what)、時(shí)間(when)、地點(diǎn)(where)、原因(cause)、結(jié)果(effect)、數(shù)據(jù)(data)等。新聞、說(shuō)明文、廣告信息等常?？季唧w細(xì)節(jié)。.直接事實(shí)題：先閱讀題干，確定讀材料的時(shí)候要查找的細(xì)節(jié)及事實(shí)的范圍，然后利用略讀的手法找出出處。.間接事實(shí)題：需結(jié)合上下文提供的語(yǔ)境和信息進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單的概括和判斷。D.常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題形式有1.三正一誤或三誤一正.Which of the following is true/false except? .Which of the

28、following is mentioned except2.定義 3.年代與數(shù)字 4.比較 5.原因和結(jié)果（2）主旨大意題A.設(shè)題方式 .考查文章的中心思想 The main idea/key point of this passage is that_. The passage is mainly about _. From the passage we can learn/conclude that_. Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage? .考查文章標(biāo)題的選擇 The

29、 best title/headline for this passage is_. Which of the following is the best title? What would be the best title for the text? The title that best expresses the ideas of this passage is_. .考查作者的寫作態(tài)度和意圖 What is the authors main purpose in this passage? The writers purpose in writing this story is_.

30、In the passage the author wants to tell_. The writers attitude toward . is_. B.干擾項(xiàng)特點(diǎn). 以偏概全。干擾項(xiàng)只闡述了文章的一部分內(nèi)容，也就是文章的局部信息。 . 斷章取義。干擾項(xiàng)常常以文章中的個(gè)別信息或個(gè)別字眼作為選項(xiàng)的設(shè)置內(nèi)容，或者以次要的事實(shí)或細(xì)節(jié)冒充全文的主要觀點(diǎn)。. 主題擴(kuò)大。干擾項(xiàng)所歸納、概括的范圍過(guò)大，超過(guò)文章實(shí)際所討論的內(nèi)容。. 張冠李戴。命題者有意地把屬于A的特征放在B的身上，構(gòu)成一個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)?？忌蛔⒁獾那闆r下，會(huì)造成錯(cuò)選答案。 . 無(wú)中生有或似是而非。有的干擾項(xiàng)中的關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)好像在文章中談到了，但認(rèn)

31、真分析之后你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)這類干擾項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容與文章的內(nèi)容毫無(wú)聯(lián)系。C.解題指導(dǎo)1.分清主次，抓住主干，找出主題句。主題句是歸納表達(dá)文章中心思想的句子,它的出現(xiàn)有四種情況: 1）主題句在開頭主題句出現(xiàn)在段落或文章的開頭部分,起著開宗明義點(diǎn)明主題的作用,它可以使讀者一開始就明白文章所講的內(nèi)容主旨而支撐句則使用一些具體的人、物、數(shù)字或具體的步驟來(lái)闡述或論證主題，常伴有 for example i.e. that is first second finally once another time for one thing 等詞。2）主題句在結(jié)尾用歸納法寫的文章,其結(jié)構(gòu)是表述細(xì)節(jié)的句子放在前面,概述性的句子放在

32、后面,并以此而結(jié)尾,所以結(jié)尾的句子起著總結(jié)歸納畫龍點(diǎn)睛的作用，多伴有so thereforethus in short as a resultthat is why 等詞。3）考生可以快速瀏覽每段首尾兩句來(lái)確定每段的主題句，從而確定文章的主題句。 4）值得注意的是:有些文章和段落無(wú)明顯的主題句,只是暗示性地體現(xiàn)主題這就要求考生在閱讀過(guò)程中,根據(jù)文章中所敘述的事實(shí)或提供的線索來(lái)概括和總結(jié)文章的大意 2.理清層次關(guān)系,，選出最佳標(biāo)題（反推法）標(biāo)題是文章中心思想的精練表達(dá),多為一個(gè)名詞詞組，短小明了,函蓋性強(qiáng)做這類題目時(shí),要在閱讀全文的基礎(chǔ)上,把握好層次關(guān)系。注意選項(xiàng)的歸納范圍要恰如其分,干擾項(xiàng)往往

33、是局部信息，是某一小節(jié)或文章里的某一句。所以我們?cè)诮忸}時(shí)要反復(fù)推敲，把概括范圍過(guò)窄或過(guò)寬的選項(xiàng)過(guò)濾掉。 3.抓住關(guān)鍵詞，判斷作者意圖 作者在描述事實(shí)或傳遞信息時(shí),不管他的意圖是什么,其觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度都不可避免地在文章中反映出來(lái)常見(jiàn)的涉及到作者態(tài)度的詞有褒義類詞（approving, positive, optimistic,等），貶義類詞(critical, pessimistic, doubtful, questioning)和中性類詞(indifferent, serious, objective, concerned, neutral)。這就要求考生在閱讀時(shí)應(yīng)特別注意文章的措辭,尤其注意那些

34、表達(dá)感情色彩的形容詞如improving, encouraging, disappointing, fail, ignore等，以及作者對(duì)人物語(yǔ)言行為和思想的描寫,從中領(lǐng)悟作者的寫作意圖和態(tài)度 4.小結(jié)：總之，主旨大意類題雖然綜合性強(qiáng)，對(duì)考生的能力要求較高，但只要我們掌握了一定的解題技巧，在讀懂讀透文章的基礎(chǔ)上，仔細(xì)對(duì)比四個(gè)備選項(xiàng)之間的內(nèi)涵與外延之間的差異，定能準(zhǔn)確地找出正確答案。（3）推理判斷題A.推理判斷的題目中常含有infer、imply詞匯等。B.干擾項(xiàng)的特點(diǎn)：. 將文章中的已知信息作為干擾項(xiàng)；. 將不符事實(shí).邏輯的判斷推理結(jié)果作為干擾項(xiàng)。C.解題方法： . 判斷推理要以文中事實(shí)為依據(jù)

35、; . 不能將文中已經(jīng)闡明的事實(shí)作自己的推斷; . 杜絕僅憑個(gè)人的看法，主觀臆斷。D.技巧：找出作者所陳述的細(xì)節(jié)、事實(shí)及能夠表露作者思想傾向和感情色彩的詞語(yǔ)，進(jìn)行符合邏輯的推理。 注意：不能以自己的觀點(diǎn)代替作者的觀點(diǎn)E.解推斷題最主要的方法: 根據(jù)詞義關(guān)系推斷具體細(xì)節(jié)。 F.題干形式：.It can be inferred from the text that _. .From the text we know that _. .The story implies that _. . The writers attitude towardis _. .The paragraph followi

36、ng the passage will most probably be _.G.新題型： 1、文章的續(xù)寫 2、把句子放回文中的哪個(gè)部分（4）猜測(cè)詞義題詞、短語(yǔ)、句子意思的猜測(cè)主要依據(jù)它所在段落的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行。如果該段落比較短，信息量不足，那么與之相鄰的上下兩個(gè)段落的內(nèi)容則是猜詞義的重要依據(jù)。A.詞義猜測(cè)題常用的提問(wèn)方式：.The word “” refers to / probably means / could best be replaced by _.The word “” is most likely to mean _. .What do you think the expressio

37、n “” stands for? .The underlined word “” means _.B.猜測(cè)詞義方法1).Definition 定義法： 一般通過(guò)定義、定語(yǔ)（從句）或同位語(yǔ)（從句）來(lái)確定詞義.It will be very hard but very brittle that is, it will break easily. ( ).The herdsman, who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year. ( )2).Contrast 對(duì)比法：利用文中的反義詞以及表對(duì)比關(guān)系的詞（組）猜測(cè)詞義。.Most of us ag

38、reed, however, Bill dissented. ( ).She is usually prompt for all her classes, but today she arrived in the middle of her first class. A. on time B. late C. slowly D. quickly 3). Similarity 相似法：利用同義詞、近義詞或詞組猜測(cè)詞義。.Cleaning up waterways is an enormous task .The job is so large, in fact, that the governm

39、ent may not be able to save some of the rivers and lakes which have been polluted. ( )4). Cause and effect 因果法：從原因推測(cè)結(jié)果，從結(jié)果推測(cè)原因。 .One who is destitute has a great need for food and clothing. ( ).That museum is so immense that it will be impossible to see all the exhibits in one day. ( )5). Example 例舉

40、法：利用文中的舉例猜測(cè)詞義.常見(jiàn)的舉例提示詞: for instance/example, such as etc. .Today young couples often spend lots of their money on appliances, for instance, washing machines, refrigerators and color televisions. ( )6).Context 上下文：利用語(yǔ)境及前后的提示來(lái)猜測(cè)詞義。 .He sounded quite nervous and he had been talking for a minute or so

41、before I understand anything. Even then all I could make out was that someone called Milly had had a very bad accident.A. see clearly B. understand C. expect.The children are looking at an ape. Aa kind of monkey Ba kind of tree Ca kind of birdThe children are looking at an ape at the zoo Aa kind of

42、monkey Ba kind of tree Ca kind of birdThe children are looking at a large, hairy ape at the zoo Aa kind of monkey Ba kind of tree Ca kind of bird7).Common Sense 常識(shí)法：在閱讀的過(guò)程中，如遇到生詞，有時(shí)可以根據(jù)自身的直接或間接的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，或運(yùn)用自己已有的常識(shí)將其推測(cè)出來(lái)。比如了解一些英美國(guó)家的天文地理、風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣、宗教信仰、政治結(jié)構(gòu)、社會(huì)制度等，可以幫助加深對(duì)文章的理解，遇到生詞時(shí)，猜測(cè)詞義的能力自然就會(huì)增強(qiáng)。 .When a doctor

43、performs an operation on a patient，he usually gives an anesthetic to make him unconscious，because he does not want his patient to feel pain or to know what is happening to him. 不成文的小技巧1、 內(nèi)容相似都排除2、 內(nèi)容相反選其一3、 過(guò)于絕對(duì)容易錯(cuò)（all /always /never等）4、 不確定的反而對(duì)（may /might /about /almost等）5、 文章一樣需謹(jǐn)慎4、 任務(wù)型閱讀任務(wù)型閱讀做題技巧

44、一、任務(wù)型閱讀概覽任務(wù)型閱讀占總分120分中的10分，共10題，也就是10個(gè)空格要求填寫詞語(yǔ)，答題參考時(shí)間為12分鐘。10個(gè)空格可以分成以下三類。1.捕捉信息的能力-信息查找（屬基礎(chǔ)題）2.組織信息的能力-信息轉(zhuǎn)換（屬活用題）3.概括信息的能力-信息歸納（屬綜合概括題） 年份 信息查找題 信息轉(zhuǎn)換題 信息歸納題文章長(zhǎng)度 體裁 2013352422說(shuō)明20127 2 1434科普 2011 5 2 3428說(shuō)明 2010 6 2 2528科普 2009 4 5 1553說(shuō)明 2008 3 5 2428議論 二任務(wù)型閱讀解題指導(dǎo)1.觀察圖表 1）.是否有標(biāo)題/ 是否需要填標(biāo)題 注意利用所給標(biāo)題了解

45、文章大意 2）.瀏覽表格,大致了解文章結(jié)構(gòu) 注意利用已給信息了解文章主線3）.是否需要統(tǒng)一的形式2.閱讀文章后進(jìn)行填詞(一) 通覽全文,利用表格中的信息提示，準(zhǔn)確地在文中找到答案的信息來(lái)源。(二) 選詞要盡可能完整,準(zhǔn)確地表達(dá)出文中信息先確定詞意, 再確定詞性，最后所選詞的適當(dāng)?shù)脑~形變化動(dòng)詞: 要注意時(shí)態(tài),語(yǔ)態(tài)名詞: 要注意單復(fù)數(shù)形容詞副詞: 要注意各自不同的修飾功能連詞: 要注意行文的邏輯關(guān)系3.填詞后: 通讀表格，檢查 1). 再次確保答案與表格內(nèi)容的一致性2). 注意語(yǔ)意是否流暢，確保語(yǔ)意和語(yǔ)法兩方面都正確What should we pay attention to?1. 字跡端正,卷

46、面要整潔！ 2. 大小寫，單復(fù)數(shù)，統(tǒng)一形式！三知識(shí)點(diǎn)整理1、信息轉(zhuǎn)換技巧解題關(guān)鍵: 根據(jù)問(wèn)題查找定位信息，加工分析并轉(zhuǎn)換成另一種表達(dá)方式。常見(jiàn)的 轉(zhuǎn)換方式(1). 前綴和后綴轉(zhuǎn)換,詞性轉(zhuǎn)換(2). 同義詞和反義詞轉(zhuǎn)換(3). 句子結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換(4). 另選其它詞來(lái)釋義 （1）詞性轉(zhuǎn)換/前綴和后綴轉(zhuǎn)換-Nowadays , a good education benefits more and more people. Nowadays , more and more people_ from a good education. Nowadays , a good education is of _

47、to more and more people.Nowadays , a good education is _ to more and more people. （2）同義詞轉(zhuǎn)換- I think my long and active life must lie in regular exercise. I think my long and active life must _ from regular exercise I think regular exercise must_ / _ _to my long and active life.I think my long and ac

48、tive life must be _ to regular exercise.（3）句子結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換 -1). Animals which have this same family of genes do not gain weight easily as other animals.Animals_ /_ this same family of genes do not gain weight easily as other animals.-2). Tom couldn't agree with his bosss decision more.Tom _/_ his bosss d

49、ecision.Tom _ of his bosss decision.Tom was in _ of his bosss decision.（4）另選其它詞來(lái)釋義-1). Each person may believe that he is correct and that the other persons view is wrong (2009江蘇)we are always _ in communication with others. -2). We are continually picking up meanings from others behaviors and we ar

50、e constantly providing behaviors that have communicative value for them(2009江蘇)We are constantly _meanings by what we do.轉(zhuǎn)換類常用句型1by accident / chance= _(accidentally)2without accident = _(safely)3take sth into account/consideration = _ (consider)4in addition/whats more / apart from =_/_/_(besides/mo

51、reover/furthermore)5in all / in total = _(altogether / totally)6approve of /be in favor of/agree to= _ (favor)7attend on/upon /wait on / upon= _ (serve)8have faith/trust in; considerto be true= _(trust)9out of breath = _(breathlessly)10but for = _(without)11in any case / at any rate / at any price /

52、 at any cost /whatever happens= _(anyhow)12now that = _(since)13cope with / deal with / do with / try to find a solution to = _(handle)14deal with= _ (concern)15to ones delight / regret / sorrow / shame / surprise / astonishment= _ / _ /_ /_/_/_ (delightfully / regretfully / sorrowfully / shamefully / surprising