全新版大學英語2Unit1詞匯、短語、語言難點

1、WORD重點詞匯、短語和難句I核心詞匯1. attach用法：v.（1）附上，系上，貼上：He will attach labels to the luggage.他將把標簽貼在行上。（2）參加，加入：The daughter of millionaire attach herself to an expedition team and later lost her life in a snowstorm near the North Pole.百萬富翁的女兒加入了探險隊，后來在北極附近的一次風暴中遇難身亡。He made a model of an aeroplane.他做了一個飛機（3）愛

2、慕，依戀：She was strongly attach to her home. 她非常戀家?？键c：attach sth. To sth. 將系在，貼在上attach oneself to 參加，加入be attached to 依戀，愛慕典型考題：He _his horse to a tree.A. attach B. related C. combined D. placed答案為A。譯文：他將馬拴在樹上。attach 系，拴； relate 把和連接在一起，通常與with連用； combine 結合； place 放置。 記憶法：attachable 可附上的，可拘留的 ;attach

3、ment 附上，貼上，參加，愛慕引申：（同）adhere, cling, stick 辨析：attach, adhere, cling, stick 都有“ 粘貼 ”的含義attach 系上，貼上，常用于結構 attach sth. to sth.中，主語為人，強調動作：They attach great importance to the friendship between the two countries. 他們重視兩國的友誼。adhere 指使粘附，（使）附著 作vi時，主語為附著物，強調一物附著另一物表面上的狀態(tài)，常后接介詞 to引出被附著物： If you decided on

4、a play to win the game, you should adhere to it. 如果你贏球的計劃有了定案，就該依計劃行事。作Vt時， 可用于被動語態(tài)： The surface of the building is being adhered many dirty things. 這幢摟的表面附著很多臟東西。cling 指緊貼，附著 主語為附著物，強調狀態(tài)，后接介詞 to引出被附著物： Little children always cling to their mothers. 小孩總是緊依著母親。stick 指（使）原本分離的物體緊密體“粘貼”在一起，常后接介詞 to或 on

5、 ： The paper has stuck on my hand. 紙粘在我手上。2. tender用法：a.(1) 年幼的，嫩的：a tender steak 嫩牛排（2）溫柔的，親切的：There is a tender expression on her face. 她臉上帶著溫柔的表情。 Vt. （正式）提出：He tendered a letter of resignation. 他正式提交了辭職信。 vi. （與for連用） 投標： Many companies tenderedfor the construction of the new motorway. 很多家公司投標承建

6、這條新的高速公路。考點： at a tended age：年幼而未成熟的Tender sth. to sb：向某人正式提供或提出某事Public tender：公開招標典型考題：She cooked the meat for a long time so as to make it _ enough to eat.A. mild B. slight C. light D. tender 答案為D。譯文：她把肉燉了好長時間以便吃起來更嫩。mild溫和的；slight稍微；light輕的；tender嫩的。記憶法：tenderlyad. 溫和地，體貼地；tenderness n.嫩的，柔和 引申：

7、（同）gentle mild3initial用法： a. 開始的，最初的：They are still at the initial stage of learning English. 他們還處在英語學習的初級階段。n.（等的）首字母：Steven Janes initials are S.L. Steven lane這個名字的首字母是S.L考點： （1）initial 只能作定語，不能作表語。（2）initial letter首字母；initial reaction 最初反應典型考題：Encouraged by what you said, I decided to take the _

8、step toward my ideal.A. last B. special C. primary D. initial答案為D。譯文：你的話鼓勵了我，我決定向理想邁出第一步。last最后的；special 特殊的；primary基本的，初級的；initial開始的。記憶法：initially最初，開頭；initiate開始（某事），發(fā)起；initiative首創(chuàng)精神；initiation開始著手。 4.assist用法：v. 幫助，協(xié)助: Two men are assisting the police in their enquries . 有兩個人正在協(xié)助警方進行詢問。. n. 幫助，

9、協(xié)助：They gave me an assist in finishing the task. 他們幫助我完成這項任務?？键c：assist sb. in/ with sth.; assist sb. in doing sth. 幫助某人做某事 assist at/in 在某場合出席，參加某事物典型考題：The college student decided to _ the boy with his study.A. realize B. assist C. support D.decide答案為B。譯文：這個大學生決定在學習上幫助這個男孩。realize 實現(xiàn)； assist 幫助；sup

10、port 支持；decide 決定。記憶法： assistance n. 幫助； assistant n. 助手； consist vt.包括； resist vt.抵抗； insist vt. 堅持。引申:（同） aid, help 辨析： aid, help, assist 三個詞都可做動詞或名詞，意思都指幫助，但使用場合不同。 aid 援助，尤指用金錢援助： It is the duty of rich nations to aid the poor ones. 援助貧困的國家是富國的義務。help 側重表示借助于別人的幫助：The life guard helped the exhau

11、sted swimmer. 救生員救助了這個筋疲力盡的游泳者。assist 協(xié)助，指別人在陷入麻煩時給予幫助： She employed a woman to assist her with the housework.她雇了一名婦女幫她料理家務。5. neglect 用法： vt. (1) 忽視，忽略： he neglected his health. 他忽略了自己的健康。 （2）疏忽，玩忽： Dont neglect your duties. 不要玩忽職守。 n. 疏忽，玩忽：In course of time old customs and observances tend to fal

12、l into neglect. 隨著時間的推移，舊風俗習慣有被忽略的趨勢?？键c： neglect to do sth. 忘記做某事； neglect ones meals and sleep 廢寢忘食； treat sb. with neglect 怠慢某人 典型考題：The general manager was accused of _ his duties.A. abandoning B. forgetting C. neglecting D. discarding答案為C. 譯文：總經(jīng)理被指控犯有玩忽職守罪。abandoning拋棄,離棄；forgetting 忘記，遺忘；discar

13、ding 把扔掉；neglecting 玩忽職守記憶法：neglectful疏忽，粗心大意；neglectable 可忽略不計的，微不足道的引申：（同）disregard , ignore, overlook, slight辨析：ignore, neglect, overlook, slight 都有 “忽視，不理”的意思。ignore指故意不理或假裝看不見：When I saw Jane, I stopped and smiled, but she ignored me and walked on. 當我看到簡時，我停下并朝他笑，但她沒理我繼續(xù)走她的路。 neglect指由于重視不夠等原因而

14、忽視了： He works so hard that he sometimes neglects his sleep and meals. 他工作很努力以至于有時廢寢忘食。overlook 指由于粗心，放任而沒看出或采取行動：He overlooked my errors. 他忽視了我的錯誤。slight強調輕蔑，怠慢：He seems to slight the news writer. 他好像是怠慢了這個新聞撰稿人。6relevant用法：a.有關的，切題的：The point is highly relevant to the discussion. 那一點我和這次討論的容密切相關?？键c

15、：relevant to sth./sb. 與有關的，切題的典型考題：The professor has given the students a list of articles _ to the topic under discussion.A. relevant B.evident C .sufficient D. different 答案為A。譯文：教授已經(jīng)給了學生們與討論主題相關的文章。relevant相關的，與to 搭配；evident明顯的；sufficient充足的；different不同的。記憶法：relevant 相關；irrelevant不相關的；irrelevance無

16、關；引申：（同）related, relative, （反）irrelevant辨析：related, relative, relevant 都有“相關的”的意思 related指有相互關系的，與有關聯(lián)的，常與to連用：She is related to the royal family.她與王室有親戚關系。relative 指相關的，表關系的：After his troubles, hes now living in relative comfort. 困境過后，他現(xiàn)在過得比較舒服了。 relevant指相關的，表示與手頭的事情或目前的狀況有直接關系，尤指邏輯上有關系：The scienti

17、st corresponds with colleagues in order to learn about matters relevant to her own research. 那個科學家和同事們相互通信以了解和她自己的研究有關的事。7investigate用法：v. 調查，探究： The police are investigating the murder at the moment. 警察此刻正在調查這起謀殺案?？键c：investigate (into) an affaire 調查一件事典型考題：Sherlock Holmes _ many cases by following

18、the footprints left at the scene of the crime.A. inspect B. check C.investigate D. examine 答案為C。譯文：福爾摩斯通過罪犯現(xiàn)場留下的腳印調查過許多案件。inspect檢查，視察；check核對，查證；investigate調查；examine審查。記憶法：investigation n. 調查引申：（同）inspect, check, examine辨析：inspect, check, examine, investigate都有“檢查，調查”的意思。inspect 指檢查，視察，強調官方行為和詳查，重

19、在監(jiān)督：The school was once inspected by the king.國王曾視察過這所學校。check指檢查，核對，查證，側重核對：listen again and check your answers.再聽一遍，然后檢查答案。 examine 指檢查，審查，帶有嚴肅和正規(guī)的意味：The quality of the Tv sets has been examined strictly before leaving the factory. 電視機在出廠前都進行了嚴格的質量檢查。 investigate指調查，指全面地探索和有組織的檢查： The cause of the

20、 fire is being investigated.這次起火的原因正在調查之中。8. accomplish用法：vt.完成某事：You should accomplish the task within the allotted time.你們必須在規(guī)定的時間完成任務?？键c：accomplish ones aim 達到目標； accomplish ones mission 完成使命 ；an accomplished fact既成事實典型考題：If you work hard, I think you can _ your goal by getting the first-class sc

21、holarship by the end of the term.A.arrive B.maintain C.try D.accomplish答案為D. 譯文：如果你努力學習，我認為期末你能實現(xiàn)拿一等獎學金的目標。arrive 到達; maintain 支持，維持; try 嘗試;accomplish 達到記憶法：accomplishment n. 完成； accomplished 有技巧的 引申：（同）achieve, fulfill, complete, finish辨析：accomplish, complete, finish都有“完成”的意思accomplish 完成，通常接task,

22、 aim, journey, voyage等名詞，有時兼有達成（效果）之意 ： The explorers accomplished the voyage in five weeks。探險隊在五周完成了航程。complete 完成，比 accomplish 具體，可接建筑、工程、書籍等名詞，主要涵義是補足缺少的部分：The building will be completed by the end of this month.這座摟于本月底建成。finish在很多情況下可與complete 換用，但不與 complete正式；I have finished the book.我已讀完了這本書。

23、 9.critical用法：a.（1）緊要的，關鍵的：We are at a critical time in ourhistory. 我們處于歷史上的關鍵時期。 critical condition 危險狀態(tài)，臨界狀態(tài)（2）批判的，批評性的：critical spirit 批評精神；critical writings on art關于藝術的評論性文章。（3）挑剔的，非難的：She looks on everything with a critical eyes.她以吹毛求疵的眼光去看每一樣事物。考點：be critical about對愛挑剔典型考題：She is very_ about h

24、er clothes since she a very famous model.A. worried B. critical C. anxious D. careful答案為B。譯文：因為她是名模，所以她對衣著很挑剔。worried擔心；critical挑剔的；anxious著急的；careful小心的記憶法：critic n.批評家，評論家；criticize v.批評，責備；criticism n.批評10.principal用法：a.主要的，首要的：the principal rivers of a country一個國家的主要河流n.首長，校長：The principal spoke

25、 with disapproval of your words and actions.校長談到你的言行時很不贊成。典型考題：wheat is among the _ exports of the United States.A. principal B. principle C. official D. probable答案為A。譯文：小麥是美國主要的出口產品之一。principal主要的 principle原則 official官方的 probable可能的記憶法：principality n.公國，候國；principal ship n.首要地位；principle n.原則11.ext

26、reme用法：a.極端的，盡頭的：extreme heat極熱；extreme opinions偏激觀點； He lived at the extreme edge of the forest.他住在森林的最邊上。n.極端：Sometimes he eats too much and sometimes nothing , he goes from one extreme to the other.他有時吃得太多，有時不吃，從一個極端走到另一個極端?？键c：go to extremes走極端；in the extreme極，非常典型考題：Henrys political views were _

27、 for his time.A. radical B. drastic C. extreme D. extract答案為C.譯文：亨利的政治觀點就其時代而言是極端的。radical激進的；drastic激烈的；extreme極端的；extract拔出，抽出記憶法：extremely極端地12. insert 用法：vt. 插入, 嵌入：insert a letter into an envelope將信塞入信封insert advertisement in a newspaper 將廣告刊登在報上insert an illustration into a text. 在文章中插入一幅插圖n.

28、插入物：pipe - insert with rainer帶灌噴器的水管套座13.performance用法：n.（1）表現(xiàn)，行為：His bad performance in school finally led to his dropout.他在學校的惡劣表現(xiàn)最終導致他輟學。（2）演出，表演：The theater gives two performances a day.這座劇院一天演出兩場。（3）執(zhí)行，履行：faithful in the performance of his duties 終于他的職守記憶法：perform v.表現(xiàn)，表演14. apply用法： vt. 申請， 應用

29、：apply a theory to practice 把理論應用于實踐apply one thing upon another 將一件東西放在另一件之上vi.申請， 適用letter in which someone apply for a job or apply for share in a new company某人申請獲得工作的信或購買新公司股票進行的申請apply for police protection要求警察保護apply for a driving license 申請領取駕駛執(zhí)照apply oneself to 專心從事，埋頭于15.continual用法： a.不斷的，

30、連續(xù)的：The dogs continual barking nearby made people in the whole neighborhood sleepless.附近不斷的狗叫聲攪得整個街坊的人無法入睡?？键c：辨析continual和continuous典型考題：The brain needs a _ supply of blood.A. continual B. continuous C. occasional D. long答案為A. 譯文：大腦需要不間斷的供應。continual不斷的，有停頓；continuous不斷的，無停頓occasional；偶爾的；long長的。引申：

31、（同）continual, continuous辨析：continual, continuous都有“連續(xù)不斷”的意思。continual指一段時間多次發(fā)生，時斷時續(xù)：Continual practice is necessary to master English.要掌握英語必須經(jīng)常不斷地練習。continuous指連續(xù)不斷的：a continuous voyage連續(xù)不斷的航行。16.contrast用法：v.對比，對照：Sally contrasted the situation with the present crisis.莎麗將局勢與目前的危機作了對比。n.對比，對照：In con

32、trast to the hot day in July, the nights in September are rather cool.和七月的熱天相比，九月的夜晚十分涼爽。考點：contrastand/with/to 將與對比；by contrast對比之下；be a contrast to 和形成對比典型考題：there is a sharp _ between his earlier and later works.A. similarity B. character C. comparison D. contrast答案為D.譯文：他的早期作品和晚期作品截然不同。similarit

33、y相似性；character性格，特征；comparison對比，指比較的相似之處；contrast表示顯而易見的不同之處。記憶法：contract v./n.合同，縮寫辨析：compare, contrast都有“比較，對比”的意思compare指比較，著重相似之處。compare常與with和to連用。He compares books to friends.他把書比作朋友。contrast指對比，著重相異之處。常與with連用。In this book the writer contrasts good with evil.在這本書中，作者將善與惡進行了對比。17.priority用法：

34、 n. 先， 前， 優(yōu)先， 優(yōu)先權：priority construction近期首期建筑Ensure funding for priority areas保證重點支出Absolute principle,top priority硬道理To assign priority according to seniority按資排輩In some systems,a classification of jobs in a multiprogramming environment that are neither"foreground(high priority)nor"backgr

35、ound(low priority. 在某些系統(tǒng)中，在多道程序設計環(huán)境中一種作業(yè)的分類，它既非“前臺”（高優(yōu)先級），也非“后臺”（低優(yōu)先級）。18.promote用法：v.（1）促進，推進：proper exercise will promote physical and mental health for the old.適當鍛煉會促進老人身心健康。（2）提升，提拔: My husband has been promoted to headmaster.我的丈夫已被提升為校長?？键c：be promoted得到提升；promote ones product促銷商品典型考題：Do you hav

36、e any idea of how to _ the sales of this product.A. promote B. force C. drive D. strength答案為A.譯文：你有什么辦法來促銷這種產品嗎？promote 促進 ，提升 ；force壓迫 ； drive 驅動；strength加強記憶法：促進，提升，宣傳。19. emerge用法 ： vi. 顯現(xiàn), 浮現(xiàn), 暴露, 形成, (由某種狀態(tài))脫出, (事實)顯現(xiàn)出來new leaders who may emerge. 可能出現(xiàn)的新領導者們A multitude of heroic figures emerge.

37、大量英雄人物出現(xiàn)了。to emerge with the fins above water. 將鰭露出水面Sea mammals must emerge periodically to breathe. 海生哺乳動物必須不斷地浮現(xiàn)出海面呼吸New problem emerge as they discuss further. 隨著他們討論的深入新的問題也冒了出來。20.valid用法：a.（1）有根據(jù)的，站得住腳的：raise valid objections to a scheme. 對某一計劃提出有力的反對。（2）有法律效率的：valid for three months 三個月有效典型考

38、題：The trainticket is only _ within this week.A. sincere B. valid C. actual D. unusual答案為B 譯文：這火車票只在這周有效。sincere誠懇的；valid有效的；actual實際的；unusual不尋常的記憶法：validly ad.有效地；validity n.有效性，合法性21.enormous用法： adj.巨大的, 龐大的, <古>極惡的, 兇暴的：enormous profits巨大的利益wielded enormous power. 行使極大的權力。an enormous sum of

39、 money巨額資金an enormous plate of food很大的一盤食物a man of enormous strength力大無窮的人paid an enormous sum. 支付了一大筆款項22.exception用法：n.除外，例外：There is an exception to this grammatical rule. 這條語法規(guī)則有個例外?？键c：with an exception of例外；take exception(to)生氣典型考題：I enjoyed all his novels with the _ of his last.A. explosion B.

40、 expedition C. excursion D. exception答案為D 譯文：除過最后一部，我喜歡他的所有小說。explosion爆炸;expedition探險；excursion遠足；exception例外。記憶法：exceptional例外的；except for除以外23. worthwhile 用法：adj. 值得做的, 值得出力的：It is worthwhile seeing the film. 這電影值得一看。It is worthwhile making such an experiment. 做這樣的實驗是值得的。I think it worthwhile rea

41、d that book. 我認為那本書值得一讀。I guess we've seen everything that's worthwhile. 我想值得看的我們都看24.superior用法：a.優(yōu)良的，優(yōu)勢的(to)：This machine is superior in many respects to that.這臺機器在很多方面比那臺好?？键c：be superior to勝過，比好典型考題：His knowledge of French literature is_ to mine.A. superficial B. superior C. infinite D. i

42、nferior答案為B 譯文：他的法國文學知識比我的好。superficial表面的；superior比好；infinite無限的；inferior比差。記憶法：superiority n.勝過；inferiority n.次于引申：（反）inferior;（同）better25. exaggerate 用法：v. 夸大, 夸：To use hyperbole;exaggerate. 夸使用夸手法，夸To exaggerate a minor problem. 小題大作夸一個小困難To exaggerate a role;overplay. 演得過火過于夸地演某角色；演得過火It is imp

43、ossible to exaggerate the fact. 無論怎樣強調這事實，也不嫌過份。Don't exaggerate the parallelism between the two cases. 不要夸大那兩件事的相似性。IV 重要短語1. find ones way用法：（1）到達:Drunk as he was, Peter still found his way home.盡管彼得喝醉了，他依然能找到回家的路。（2）進入，流入:Shanghai is not an easy city to find your way around.是一個不容易找到路的城市。擴展：lo

44、se ones way迷路;work ones way奮力向前;fight ones way掙扎著向前2. on occasion用法：有時，間或;Steve spent almost all his time doing his research, but, on occasion, he would take his son to see a film.史蒂文幾乎把所有的時間都花在研究上，但有時也帶兒子去看電影。擴展：相當于Occasionally, 也可寫作on occasions.3. in due course用法：(1)在適當時機:your book will be publish

45、ed in due course.你的書會在適當時機出版。(2)最終:Be patient. Youll get your promotion in due course.耐心點。你最終會被提升的。擴展：in (during) the course of 在期間; of course當然4. make up for用法：補償，彌補：They hurried on to make up for lost time.他們加速行進以補回失去的時間。Hard work can make up for the lack of intelligence.勤能補拙。擴展：make up編造，化妝; be made up of 由組成5. pick up用法：（1）獲得：Where did you pick up that book? 你那本書是怎么來的？(2)學會：I have picked up a bit of surgery from him.我從他那里學會了一些外科手術的技術。擴展：pick out挑出; pick over一件一件整理6. hold onto (on)用法：