英語專業(yè)畢業(yè)論文-A Comparative Study of Chinese and Western Body Language in Nonverbal Communication

1、自學(xué)考試畢業(yè)論文 A Comparative Study of Chinese and Western Body Language in Nonverbal Communication作 者：準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)：指導(dǎo)教師：學(xué)科專業(yè)：英語 2011年 11月 30日 CONTENTS Abstracts.2摘要.3Chapter One Introduction.41. The demarcation of the body language and its characters.5 The definition of the body language.51.2 The characters of th

2、e body language .62. The communicative function of body language.7 The replace function of body language.72.2.The supplementary function of body language.82.3. Emphasis and repetition function of body language.82.4.Negative function of body language.93. The similarity and difference of body language

3、.93.1 .the religious belief.103.2. The concept of values .103.3.the social norm.113.4. The national characters .'.124.The conclusion .13 4.1. The Chinese culture 's body language .134.2. Culture shock even culture gap .144.3.All peoples of the different cultures in the world .14References.15

4、 AbstractThe body language is a sign system, the information carrier for people to communicate ideas and express their feelings. In order to communicate smoothly, people often express their thoughts with the help of body language. The same to language, body language is a part of culture . Under the

5、different cultural backgrounds , the meaning of the body language is not the same . Many experts pay attention to the faults of linguistic performance under different culture backgrounds . The body language directly appeals to visual argan of people . It is very significative for people to communica

6、te with others . This text is mainly to analysis the general character and the differences through the contrast studies of Chinese and Foreign body language .KEY WORDS : Body language ；China and Foreign culture ； culture background ；body movements；gesture , kinesics . 摘 要體態(tài)語是一個(gè)符號(hào)系統(tǒng)，是人們交流思想，表達(dá)感情的信息載體

7、。為了交際的順利進(jìn)行，人們常借助體態(tài)語手段來表達(dá)所思所想。同語言一樣，體態(tài)語也是文化的一部分。在不同的文化背景下，體態(tài)語的意義也不相同。許多專家學(xué)者注重研究不同文化背景下言語行為產(chǎn)生語用失誤現(xiàn)象。體態(tài)語直接訴諸人們的視覺器官，在人際交往中具有相當(dāng)重要的意義。本文通過對(duì)中西體態(tài)語的對(duì)比研究，分析中西體態(tài)語的共性和差異及其產(chǎn)生的原因，對(duì)人們了解西方文化的特性，在跨文化交際中避免誤會(huì)和沖突具有重要的意義。關(guān)鍵詞：體態(tài)語；中西文化；文化背景；身體動(dòng)作；手勢(shì)；舉止神態(tài) The Difference between Chinese and Foreign Culture in Body Language

8、Recent years, the importance of nonlinguistic communication has been accepted by more and more experts and scholars . The American scholar made a study of percentage between verbal communication and nonlinguistic communication in the conversation of the same nation . As a result , he found that verb

9、al communication takes the part of 30% in the whole conversation , however , nonlinguistic communication shares as high as 70% . Summers watts think more absolutely that verbal communication only covers 35% in the face-to-face communication . The rest part is transmitted by nonlinguistic communicati

10、on . From this we can see that people can't communicate with eath other without nonlinguistic communication . Body language is the main part of research of nonlinguistic communication . It is also called gesture , body movement , mainly including posture , facial expression , tone quality , the

11、distance between the two speakers and so on . The produce and development of body language not only make nonlinguistic communication energetic , but add refreshment to psychology , ethology , sociology . What's more , it provides powerful guarantee for the effective process of cross-cultural com

12、munication . This essay first briefly introduces the importance and function of body language , then researches the culture differences between China and Foreign body language . Thus , people can make cross-cultural communication more effectively . At last , we conclude the illumination that the dif

13、ference of body language brings to foreign language learners . 1.The demarcation of the body language and its characters. 1.1. The definition of the body language .The words are related with body language are body language ,body movements ,gesture ,kinesics ,and so on .Scholars make a incisive study

14、 of body language.Howard Fast thinks the body language is used for people to communicate with each other . Summers Watts say kineaics is the body for the systematic study of the action potential, through formal study of these actions and code of conduct. Western dictionary new university defined ,Sy

15、stematic study of non-verbal body movements (such as blush, eye movements, etc.) and communication between disciplines. The word kinesics in A dictionary of linguistics and phonetics,Semiotics is used to refer to the systematic use of facial expressions and body gestures to convey meaning, especiall

16、y in combination with the language (such as a smile or a frown will change the understanding of a sentence), Hu Wenzhong is the famous scholar in the "Dictionary of Anglo-American culture in'' the body language of communication is defined as the transfer of information expressions and m

17、ovements in our Country. To sum up ,body language is action issued by the various parts of the body, emotions, such as eyes, gestures, facial expressions, posture, posture, and so rich and subtle emotion to convey information and cultural information.1.2. The Characters of the Body Language .First s

18、ubservience of body language Body language is supported, assist verbal language, verbal language to strengthen efforts to enhance the sound effects of language.According to study person average use 10 minutes to speaking .In face to face communication, there are some sound less than 35%,and 65% of t

19、he communication signal is silent . This indicates that although the body language is only supportive, but its role is irreplaceable.Reality of the body language In a complex social life ,language is often fraudulence and disguised .Body language is greater than the authenticity of the spoken langua

20、ge, body language, this feature is due to the habit of decision. Body language is the human consciousness and the subconscious mind, a reflection of people's inner feelings or emotional changes often reflected on the body. If people anxious to bite a finger, said his irritability. The otherness

21、of body language Body language and language ,is formed in a culture within a set of clear and definite hipping symbols .As the different of culture backgrounds, body language's form of expressions and their minings are not the same. Such as China, said people often praise a thumbs-up, put up lit

22、tle finger express contempt; Japanese with a thumbs-up, said, "Father", put up little finger, said, "lover" and a thumbs-up in the UK, said people should take the car. Raised his hands, palms outward, the gesture that please the audience quiet in the UK, in Greece it is humiliati

23、ng.2.The communicative function of body language 2.1.The replace function of body language The use of the performance of oral language or written language in expressing emotion in the case, to the emotional significance of the corresponding alternative body language or written language, oral languag

24、e, such as the deaf using sign language, port terminals and seagoing ships on the use of semaphore, sports competitions in the arbitration decision to use language, command of the traffic police booth on The surrogate function of body language can not or inconvenient to the flow of sign language, bo

25、dy language are all alternative.2.2.The supplementary function of body language Sometimes verbal language expression is pale ,non-verbal language can be described language behavior modification and play the role. According to foreign psychologists determination: people express thoughts and feelings,

26、 55% of the content needs to use all parts of the body posture and movement, 38% with the sound, while only 7% use of language. Through the eyes, facial muscle movements, gestures, posture and many other silent language of body language will sound visualization, emotional, vivid, in order to achieve

27、 the head start, the effect of twist of wondering, and can fully compensate for the lack of sound language.2.3. Emphasis and repetition function of body language.Body language can emphasis and repetition some information ,in the words communication has the strong supporting ,head and hands movements

28、 often played on the words spoken emphasis.Example ,the speaker said ,we must clean unhealthy tendencies ,at the same time ,his head leading forward ,holding out his hand push heavily down to express attitude is all . 2.4.Negative function of body language Language can be insincere, but body languag

29、e is the true revelation of one's inner feelings,Non-verbal behavior can be completely expressed by the meaning of language behavior with the opposite,sometimes non-verbal language of the language more authenticity .For instance ,the child refused to other to his food ,he may say ''I don

30、't eat '',in fact, the eyes are tightly staring at the food but also quietly smack, that means want to eat.3. The similarity and difference of body language In communication, speaker, according to their respective culture always statute(cultural norms) by a certain pattern of behavior. A

31、s FeiXiaotong say the Culture and not in the depths of the often laws system in, but people in poverty between daily daily life. A lifted up his hand, and a full up,see that is natural, do not add artificial, but in fact they are not all arbitrary Place is from the a set of value from imperceptible

32、since childhoodThe control system. "So, culture greatly influences and restricts The behavior of people, body language tends to reflect the difference between Chinese and western culture different.3.1 .The religious belief Religious culture is an important part of culture in social life , it th

33、rough to the western all aspects of the social life, and social life in plays a dominant, affecting people's life style and method of cognition. With a religious color gestures often appear in their daily life. Westerners in enters the church or encounter often in the cross when grateful, respec

34、t ,or when it will obey hand on his chest .Chinese nation have no unitive religious faith ,but Buddhism make far reaching influence in social life .When people in a dangerous situation or crisis has dissolve ,often put up their hands in the chest and read thanks goodness .3.2. The concept of values

35、.Westerners advocating equality, freedom, think that the individual has the supreme.The internal value and dignity. Therefore, the relationship between the people is horizontal .Structure, namely the equality and not on the level of the relationship between structure, and the time reflected in behav

36、iour As in conversation, westerners position is very informal, sometimes very .To a half lying in a chair, extend the crossing or will put them on the table leg with people to talk. In the Chinese view, that motion is lack of accomplishment, without arrogance the ritual performance.Because of China&

37、#39;s rule by Confucianism for more than two thousand years, and Gang Chang Ethics has penetrated the national heart, form the disvalued nature, heavy Groups of the individual value light.In communication often show,modest and comity, raise your hand carry sufficient a pay attention to "bearing

38、 dignified" and "proper behaviour.3.3.The social norm China's early in the shang period in the formation of the civilization etiquette, its most influential is "the male and female have differences", so in both sexes interaction, and body contact, and other aspects of the bod

39、y language have strict "standard". Heterosexual follow "The men and women ShouShouBuQin", even if the couple, in public but can't watchNow overly affectionate; And same sex can literally happened between body contact, and each other Hug shoulder, arm under the arm or waist. W

40、esterners see the scene are very shocked, thought that this is open "gay" behaviour and the western nationality. Because the etiquette system "relaxation lax" and show nothing with the style, heterosexual don't afraid to touch the body, and in social games the men and women e

41、mbracing and kissing is common.Besides China and the western society standard difference is also manifest in the people. We emphasize autonomy, privacy. So in publicTotal occasions between people and people always keep a certain "comfortable" distance. The Chinese people families are in th

42、e family as the center of the system, and formed a "polymerization type" behavior model type, the Chinese the pursuit of harmony, the social, like close contact with people.3.4. The national Characters National character is all ethnic groups in the long historical culture development proce

43、ss formation in the relatively stable characteristics, this characteristic that all ethnic groups have their special color. Body language differences can reflect different national character.We take the Chinese and western the pose that walk for example. The former Soviet union had spread a joke tha

44、t America was walking like the land under the feet they all, the British was walking like disdain ignore who is his feet land owners. While the westerners may will walk of the Chinese people pose as well behaved, tend to get shy, or fear of publicity. This can see that westerners advocating independ

45、ence, equality, outgoing, self-confidence, frank, literally exposed type character. On the other hand, China is formal state, a precise rank order, the system of music education, in this culture background, discovering Chinese people formed the humility, restraint, heavy etiquette, still ethics, express reservatio