高中英語(yǔ)-過(guò)去完成時(shí)及其被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)ppt課件

1、過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去的過(guò)去 一、表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間或以前曾經(jīng)完成了的動(dòng)作或形狀。 當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去某一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在另一動(dòng)作之前，常用此時(shí)態(tài)。 By the time I got outside, the bus had already left. 二、表示動(dòng)作在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間之前開(kāi)場(chǎng)，不斷繼續(xù)到過(guò)去的這一時(shí)間，而且還能夠繼續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作。 三、表達(dá)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事，在已表達(dá)了發(fā)生的事后，反過(guò)來(lái)追述，補(bǔ)述更早發(fā)生的事。 四、表示過(guò)去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，計(jì)劃，意圖。構(gòu)造 had用于各種人稱(chēng)和數(shù)+過(guò)去分詞 1、When I came to Shanghai, he had been there for a long time

2、. 2、I didnt know a thing about the verbs, for I had not studied my lesson. 3、I had intended to call on you yesterday, but I had an unexpected visitor. 主語(yǔ)+had+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞 一定句:主語(yǔ)+had+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞+其他. 否認(rèn)句:主語(yǔ)+had+not+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞+其他. 疑問(wèn)句:Had+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞+其他? 一定回答:Yes,主語(yǔ)+had. 否認(rèn)回答:No,主語(yǔ)+hadnt. 特殊疑問(wèn)句:特殊疑問(wèn)詞或詞組+had+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞+其他?

3、 The bus had already left by the time I got there. The bus had not already left by the time I got there. Had the bus already left by the time I got there? what time had the bus already left?標(biāo)志詞 by then截至到那時(shí) by the end of+過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn) by +過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn), before+過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn) already, just, ever, never, yet when , as soon

4、 as, till/until hardlywhen, no soonerthan,exerrcise 1、He said he (work)in that factory since 1949. 2、I thought I (send)the letter a week before. 3、By the end of last month, I (live) in for 8 years. 4、He said that he (learn) some English before.had worked had sent had lived had learned 5、I arrived la

5、te, I (not expect) the road to be so icy. 6、She said that she (not be) to the Great Wall yet. 7、By the end of last year, they (build) many new houses. 8、By yesterday evening, she (finish) reading the book. 9、He said that he _ (see) you.hadnt expectedhadnt been had built had finished had seen 1、When

6、she got home, her children _ (sleep). 2、Before they arrived here, the film _ (star) already. 3、When I came in, he _ (finish) his homework. 4、What _ Jane _ (do) by the time he was seven? 5、He asked me where I _ (be) during the summer holidays. 6、 I _ (learn) 900 English words by the time I was ten. 7

7、、By the time my parents reached home yesterday, I _ (cook) the dinner already. 8、She _ (write) a number of books by the end of last year.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)造 (1)一定構(gòu)造：主語(yǔ)+ had been done +其他成分 (2)否認(rèn)構(gòu)造：主語(yǔ)+ had not been done +其他成分 (3)疑問(wèn)句構(gòu)造：had +主語(yǔ)+ been done +其他成分; 疑問(wèn)詞+ had +主語(yǔ)+ been done +其他成分 The task had been finis

8、hed before 12:00 yesterday. The task hadnt been finished before 12:00 yesterday. Had the task been finished before 12:00 yesterday? What time had the task been finished yesterday?過(guò)去完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的常用情況： (1)表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間以前曾經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作，常與by, before等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。 (2)在 told, said, knew, heard, thought等動(dòng)詞之后的賓語(yǔ)從句中，假設(shè)表示過(guò)去某一被動(dòng)動(dòng)

9、作時(shí)，用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。 (3)根據(jù)語(yǔ)意可以判別出動(dòng)作先后的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。 The classroom hadnt been cleaned before the teacher came. The boy was reminded that his homework had not been handed in. As the assignment had been done, he went on to search the Internet. 1、By the time he got to the school, the first period _(finish). 2、How

10、many buildings _ (destroy) when the hurricane ended? 3、He did what he _ (tell)to. 4、By the end of 1976, many buildings _(build) in the city.had been finished had been destroyedhad been toldhad been built 1、When Li Ming hurried home,he found that his mother _already_(send) to hospital. 2、I thought th

11、e letter _(send) by him a week before. 3、By the end of last year, many new houses_ (build) by them. 4、By yesterday evening, the book_ (finish) reading by her. 5、By the time my parents reached home yesterday, the dinner _(cook) already.總練習(xí) 1、When I got to school, the bell _(ring). 2、She found the key

12、 that she _(lose). 3、I returned the book that I _(borrow). 4、The classroom _ (clean) by students when the visitors arrived. 5、The house_ (paint) by us before we moved in. 7、Tom said the book_ (read) by him twice 8、When I arrived at the station, he _(leave). 1、醫(yī)生到時(shí)病人已死了。 When the doctor arrived the p

13、atient had died. 2、我醒了，由于我做了個(gè)噩夢(mèng)。 I woke up because I had had a bad dream. 3、我們到那里時(shí)，籃球賽曾經(jīng)開(kāi)場(chǎng)了。 When we got there the basketball match had already started. 4、據(jù)媒體報(bào)道，有上千人在地震中喪生。 The media reported more than 1,000 people had been killed in the earthquake.與如今完成時(shí)的區(qū)別 如今完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示相對(duì)于如今來(lái)說(shuō)已被完成的動(dòng)作。 過(guò)去完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示相對(duì)于

14、過(guò)去某一時(shí)辰來(lái)說(shuō)已被完成的動(dòng)作。 Eg：This polluted river has been cleaned. 這條被污染了的河流已被凈化。 析：該句表示到如今為止這條河流已被凈化。 Eg：He said this book had been translated into Japanese. 他說(shuō)這本書(shū)已被譯成日語(yǔ)。 析：該句表示到他說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)所表達(dá)的時(shí)間為止這本書(shū)已被譯成日語(yǔ)。 Eg：I have learned 1000 English words so far. 到目前為止我曾經(jīng)學(xué)會(huì)了 1000 個(gè)英語(yǔ)單詞。如今的時(shí)間 Eg：I had learned 1000 English wor

15、ds till then. 到那時(shí)為止我曾經(jīng)學(xué)會(huì)了 1000 個(gè)英語(yǔ)單詞。過(guò)去的時(shí)間與普經(jīng)過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)不同:過(guò)去完成時(shí)在時(shí)間上強(qiáng)調(diào)“過(guò)去的過(guò)去 而普經(jīng)過(guò)去時(shí)只強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去某一特定的時(shí)間。 比較:They had arrived at the station by ten yesterday. They arrived at the station at ten yesterday. 1、當(dāng)從句由 after，before，when或 as soon as引導(dǎo)時(shí)，主句和從句都可以用普經(jīng)過(guò)去時(shí)。 When he arrived, he called her. They locked the door before they left.