英語十六種時態(tài)表格總結

1、一般現(xiàn)在時、一般過去時時態(tài)名稱結構常連用的詞主要用法例句一般現(xiàn)在時1 be動詞用am/is/are表示，之后接名詞，形容詞或介詞。often;usually;every;sometimes;always;never;once/twice/ a week/month/year;on Sundays/Mondays/.;一般現(xiàn)在時表示沒有時限的持久存在的習慣性的動作或狀態(tài)，或現(xiàn)階段反復發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)，或一般真理陳述句：I am an office worker.He is so lazy.They are at home now.否定句： I am not Tim.She is not very

2、 beautiful.They are not in the office.一般疑問句：Are you an officeassistant? Is she beautiful?2行為動詞用V原形或V-s/es，引導疑問句和否定句，用do或dont；第三人稱時用does或doesnt,有does出現(xiàn)動詞用原形；第三人稱陳述句V后加s或es.陳述句：I work in Shanghai.He works at home.Davy never watches TV at home.否定句: I dont like the food in KFC.Davy doesnt like the food

3、in KFC either.一般疑問句:Do you want a cup of coffee? Does she live near thesubway station?一般過去時。1be動詞用過去式was或 were表示。yesterday;the day before yesterday;last week/month/year/.; ago;a moment ago;just now;on/in+過去的時間;在過去時間里所發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。陳述句：I was a big boss.He was beautiful.We were in Beijing last year.否定句:

4、 I was not at home at that moment.We were not at work yesterday.一般疑問句: Were you a teacher?Was she in the office last week?2行為動詞用V-ed，陳述句，疑問句和否定句借助于did,有did出現(xiàn)動詞用原形。陳述句：I worked in Sunmoon.We studied English there. He lived inHongKong.否定句: I didnt work here.They didnt see me. She liked English a lot.一

5、般疑問句: Did you go to America?Did he work in Sunmoon?一般將來時、過去將來時時態(tài)名稱結構常連用的詞主要用法例句一般將來時1 任何人稱+will+V原形.tomorrow,the day after tomorrow;soon;next week/month/year/.;the week/month/year/. after next;on/in +將來的時間；in+一段時間；.即將發(fā)生動作或狀態(tài)。陳述句：I will fly to Hong Kong tomorrow.He will go with us.We will arrive in S

6、hanghai next week.否定句:I will never believe you again.He will not come tonight.We will not buy a car next year.一般疑問句:Will you go there by train?Will he come tomorrow?Will they live a five-star hotel?2 is/am/are+going to+V原形，表示計劃打算做什么事情。陳述句：Im going to go to Hong Kong by air.否定句:We are not going to bu

7、y a house here.一般疑問句:Are they going to change their jobs?特殊疑問句:How are you going to tell him?過去將來時was/were going to +V原形多用在賓語從句中在過去將會發(fā)生的動作。陳述句：I was going to buy a computer.They told me that they were not going to go abroad.（間接引語）否定句:I was not going to buy a computer.任何人稱+would +V原形He said he would

8、come in Shanghai.I said I would buy you a car one day.現(xiàn)在進行時、過去進行時時態(tài)名稱結構常連用的詞主要用法例句現(xiàn)在進行時is/am/are+V-ingnow；at present;at the moment;Look!(放在句首);Listen! (放在句首);表示現(xiàn)在( 指說話人說話時) 正在發(fā)生的事情。陳述句：Im waiting for my boy friend.He is doing the housework at home now.We are enjoying ourselves.否定句:He is not playing

9、toys.一般疑問句:Are you having dinner at home?Is Tim cooking in the kitchen?特殊疑問句:What are you doing now?Where are they having a meal?過去進行時was/were+V-ingat that time;at this time yesterday;at+時間點+yesterday/last night;at that moment;過去一段時間正在發(fā)生的事情。陳述句：I was doing my homework at that time.We were having a p

10、arty while he was sleeping.否定句:He was not sleeping at 11 oclock last night.一般疑問句: Were you watching TV at that time?特殊疑問句: What were you doing at that moment?現(xiàn)在完成時、過去完成時時態(tài)名稱結構常連用的詞主要用法例句現(xiàn)在完成時have/has+ p.p（過去分詞）already；just；before;yet(否定句中)；ever；never；once/twice/for+一段時間；since +時間點；since+一段時間+ago;by+

11、現(xiàn)在時間；so far; up to now; till now; until now;recently/lately;during/over/in the past/last.用來表示之前已發(fā)生或完成的動作或狀態(tài)，其結果的確和現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系。動作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過去但它的影響現(xiàn)在還存在；也可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。陳述句：I have already told Davy. Davy has known this matter.He has lived here for nearly 10 years.否定句:I havent finished my homework.Tim hasnt come

12、 yet.We havent heard any news about him一般疑問句: Has he worked here since he came here?特殊疑問句: How long have you worked in this company?特別注意：1.have/has always been+名詞/形容詞/介詞：總是或一直是什么樣子。He has always been a good father. I have always been busy.They have always been in America.2.have/has gone to:去了某地（未歸）H

13、e has gone to Beijing.They have gone to the cinema.3. have/has been to:表示去過或到過某地I have been to Canada. Have you been to Hong Kong?Where have you been? I have never been here.過去完成時had +過去分詞過去的過去：by+過去的時間(在XX之前，不遲于)；表“過去某動作或時間以前”的時間狀語。動作發(fā)生在過去的過去。陳述句：He said he had told Davy.（間接引語）He left the offi

14、ce after he had called Davy.By the end of the day we had sold over 2000 tickets.否定句:She hadnt had dinner before she went out.一般疑問句:Had she learnt English before she moved here?特殊疑問句:how many English words had he learnt by the end of last year?英語時態(tài)舉例 Simple Present 一般現(xiàn)在時 Simple Past 一般過去時Simple Futur

15、e 一般將來時 句子結構:主語+V I study English everyday. 我每天都學習英語. 句子結構:主語+V-ed Two years ago, I studied English in America. 兩年前,我在美國學英語.句子結構:主語+will+V.   If you are having problems, I will help you study English. 如果你在學習英語當中,遇到問題,我將幫助你. 句子結構:主語+be going to+V Im going to study&#

16、160;English next year. 我明年將開始學習英語. Present Continuous 現(xiàn)在進行時 Past Continuous 過去進行時Future Continuous 將來進行時 句子結構:主語+be+doing I am studyingEnglish now. 我正在學習英語. 句子結構:主語+was/were+doing I was studying English when you called yeaterday. 你昨天給我打電話的時候,我正在學習英語.句子結構:主語+will be+doing I will b

17、e studying English when you arrive tonight. 明晚你來的時候,我會正在學習英語. 句子結構:主語+be going to+be+doing Im going to be studying English when you arrive tonight. 同上. Present Perfect 現(xiàn)在完成時 Past Perfect 過去完成時Future Perfect 將來完成時 句子結構:主語+have/has done I have studied English in several different c

18、ountries. 在一些國家,我已經(jīng)學習了英語. 句子結構:主語+had done I had studied a little English before I moved to the U.S. 在我搬去美國之前,我已經(jīng)學習了一點英語.句子結構:主語+will+have done I will have studied every tense by the time I finish this course. 在我完成這個課程的時候,我已經(jīng)能完成英語時態(tài)的學習了. 句子結構:主語+be going to+have done Im going to

19、have studied every tense by the time I finish this course. 同上. Present Perfect Continuous 現(xiàn)在完成進行時 Past Perfect Continuous 過去完成進行時Future Perfect Continuous 將來完成進行時 句子結構:主語+have/has been doing I have been studying English for ten years. 我已經(jīng)學習英語有十年的時間了.句子結構:主語+had been doing I had b

20、een studying English for ten years before I moved to the U.S. 在我搬去美國之前,我已經(jīng)學習了十年的英語了.句子結構:主語+will have been doing I will have been studying English for over three hours by the time you arrive. 明晚你來的時候,我已經(jīng)學習英語3個小時了. 句子結構:主語+be going to have been doing Im going to have been studying Engl

21、ish for over three hours by the time you arrive 同上.詳細講解-一般現(xiàn)在時 通常以動詞原形表示。主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時，用現(xiàn)單三形式。動詞be和have(表示“擁有”)各人稱的單數(shù)形式為：第一人稱單數(shù)         第二人稱單數(shù)         第三人稱單數(shù)Have      Have         Have         Has Be

22、       Am         Are         i s 一般現(xiàn)在時的否定式、疑問式和簡單回答形式如下： 動詞be 與 have（表示“擁有”）：否定式直接把not放在動詞之后，疑問式直接把動詞放在主語之前，見下表： 否定式&疑問式 Be         Have         Be         Have

23、 I am not (Im not)         I have not (havent)         Am i?         Have i? You are not (arent)         You have not (havent)         Are you?         Have you? He

24、is not (isnt)         He has not (hasnt)         Is he ?         Has he ? 動詞be 的否定疑問式和簡單回答： 否定疑問式         肯定回答         否定回答 Am I not (arent i)?         Yes, you are.

25、         No, you arent Are you not (arent you)?         Yes, I am.         No, Im not. Is he not (isnt he)?         Yes, he is.         No, he isnt 動詞be 與 have(表示“擁有”)：否定式直接把not放在動詞之后，疑

26、問式直接把動詞放在主語之前，見下表： 否定式         疑問式 Be         Have         Be         Have I am not (Im not)         I have not (havent)         Am i?         Ha

27、ve I ? You are not (arent)         You have not (havent)         Are you ?         Have you? He is not (isnt)         He has not (hasnt)         Is he ?         Has he ?&

28、#160;動詞have(表示“擁有”) 的否定疑問式和簡單回答： 否定疑問式         肯定回答         否定回答 Have I not (havent i)?         Yes, you have.         No, you havent. Have you not (havent you)?         Yes, I have. &#

29、160;       No, I havent. Has he not (hasnt he)?         Yes, he has.         No, he hasnt. 注意：have 作為行為動詞則只能按照行為動詞的規(guī)則變化。 行為動詞（以study為例）一般現(xiàn)在時的否定式、疑問式和簡單回答（注意要加助動詞do/does） 否定式         疑問式 I do not (dont

30、) study         Do I study You do not (dont) study         Do you study He does not (doesnt) study         Does he study 否定疑問句式         簡單回答（肯定/否定） Do I not (Dont I) study?        

31、 Yes, I do. No, I dont. Do you not (Dont you) study?         Yes, you do. No, you dont. Does he not (Doesnt he) study?         Yes, he does. No, he doesnt.詳細講解-現(xiàn)在進行時、一般過去時由助動詞be 現(xiàn)在分詞構成。其中be有人稱和數(shù)的變化，有三種形式：第一人稱單數(shù)用am, 第三人稱單數(shù)用is, 其他用are。 現(xiàn)在進行時的否定式是：

32、直接在助動詞be后面加上not；疑問式是：把助動詞be提到主語之前。以study 為例： 否定式     疑問式 I am not studying     Am I studying? You are not studying,     Are you studying? He is not studying.     Is he studying? 一般過去時 一般過去時通

33、常由動詞過去式表示。一般過去時的否定式、疑問式和簡單回答形式要用助動詞do 的過去式did, 同時注意實義動詞要用原形。以study 為例，其否定式、疑問式和簡單回答形式如下： 否定式     疑問式 I did not (didnt) study.     Did I study? You did not (didnt) study.     Did you study? He did not (didnt) study. 

34、    Did he study? 否定疑問式     簡單回答 （肯定/否定） Did I not (Didnt I) study?     Yes, you did. No, you didnt. Di you not (Didnt you) study?     Yes, I did. No, I didnt. Did he not (Didnt he) study?   

35、0; Yes, he did. No, he didnt.詳細講解-過去進行時、過去完成時過去進行時由助動詞be 的過去式 現(xiàn)在分詞構成。其中be有人稱和數(shù)的變化，第一、第三人稱單數(shù)用was，其他用were. 1）過去進行時動詞主要表示在過去某一時刻或某一段時間內(nèi)正在進行或持續(xù)進行的動作。過去進行時經(jīng)常與過去時配合使用。例如： This time yesterday, we were having an English lesson. 昨天這個時候，我們正在上英語課。 The teacher was giving us a lesson when Tom

36、 walked into the room.  老師在給我們上課時，湯姆走進教室。 While we were having supper, all the lights went out. 我們吃飯的時候，燈滅了。 He was reading while she was setting the table. 她擺桌子時，他在讀書。 It was getting dark. The wind was rising. 天漸漸黑下來了。風勢增強了。 2）過去進行時動詞常用always, continually, frequently 等

37、詞連用，表示過去經(jīng)常發(fā)生的行為。這種用法表明帶有的感情色彩。例如： The two brothers were frequently quarreling when they were young. 兩兄弟小時候常吵架。 In Qing Dynasty, China was always making concessions to western powers. 清朝時，中國總是對西方列強妥協(xié)。 過去完成時 一律用had + 過去分詞構成。 用法： 1）表示發(fā)生在過去某一時間或動作之前的事情，即“過去的過去”。用過去完成時，必須有一個

38、過去的時間或動作來作參照，說明在此之前某事已發(fā)生。如果兩個動作都是在過去發(fā)生的，先發(fā)生的用過去完成時，后發(fā)生的用一般過去時。例如：She told me she had been there three times before. 她告訴我她以前到過那里三次。（“去過”發(fā)生在“告訴”之前） How long had he taught here by the end of last term? 到上學期末為止，他在這里教學多長時間啦？ （“教學”發(fā)生在上學期末結束之前） When we arrived, the football match had already begu

39、n. 我們到的時候，足球賽已經(jīng)開始了。 She had visited China twice before she came this year. 她今年來中國之前已訪問過中國兩次了。 2）過去完成時動詞可以表示過去某一時刻之前發(fā)生的動作或呈現(xiàn)的狀態(tài)，這一動作一直持續(xù)到過去這一時刻或?qū)⒗^續(xù)下去。例如： By the middle of last month, I had lived in Beijing for five years. 到上月中旬，我已在北京住了五年了。 By six oclock they had worked for eight h

40、ours. 到六點為止，他們已工作八小時了。When I came to Shanghai, he had been there for a long time. 我到上海時，他在那里很長時間了。 3）過去完成時動詞常用于間接引語和虛擬語氣，我們以后會詳細講述。 4）此外，過去完成時常用于 no soonerthan 和 hardly(scarcely) when 這兩個句型，前面部分用過去完成時，后面部分用一般過去時。例如： No sooner had he stolen the purse than he was caught red-handed. = He

41、 had no sooner stolen the purse than he was caught red-handed. 他剛偷到錢包就被當場抓獲。 Saddam had hardly realized what was happening when he was captured. = Hardly had Saddam realized what was happening when he was captured. 薩達姆還沒有意識到在發(fā)生什么事情就被抓獲了。詳細講解-過去完成進行時 、一般將來時過去完成進行時had been + 動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞。 用法：表示一直

42、持續(xù)到過去某個時間的行為動作，此行為動作或剛結束、或還沒結束（可以從上下文看出）。這一時態(tài)經(jīng)常與一般過去時一起使用。例如： When he came in, I had been trying to repair the TV for a couple of hours. 他進來的時候，我一直在努力修理電視機好幾個小時了 The roads were dangerous. It had been raining for two whole days. 道路很危險。雨一直下了兩整天。 They were tired because they had been dig

43、ging since dawn. 他們累了，因為從天亮開始他們就一直在挖。 The boy was delighted with the new mountain bike. He had been hoping for one for a long time. 那男孩得到一輛新山地自行車很高興。很長時間來他一直希望有一輛。 一般將來時 一般將來時動詞表示將來發(fā)生的動作或情況。主要有以下幾種表現(xiàn)形式： （1）shall/will + 動詞原形 表示單純的將來，不涉及主語的主觀意愿。第一人稱I, we用shall 或will，其余用will. 其

44、否定式、疑問式和簡單回答形式如下：否定式         疑問式 I shall/will not study.         Shall I study? You will not study.         Will you study? He will not study.         Will he study? 否定疑問式        

45、簡單回答（肯定/否定） Shall I not (shant i) study?         Yes, you will. No, you wont. Will you not (Wont you) study?         Yes, I shall/will. No, I shant/wont. Will he not (Wont he) study.?         Yes, he will. No, he wont. 例

46、如： I shall be twenty years old next year. 我明年二十歲。 The sky is black. I think it will rain. 天黑下來了。我想可能會下雨。You will meet him at the station this afternoon. 你下午會在車站碰到他。 The train will arrive soon. 火車快要到了。 When shall we see you next time? 我們下次什么時候能看見你呢？ He probably wont go with u

47、s. ?他大概不能和我們一起去。 注意： 1）shall, will的縮寫形式為ll, 如Ill, youll, hell 和shell等。 2）will 用于第一人稱時，可以表示將來的意愿、決心、允諾、命令等；shall用于第二、三人稱時，可以表示說話人的將來的意愿。例如： I will give you a new pen for your birthday. 我將送你一支新鋼筆作為生日禮物。（允諾） I will take the college entrance examination. 我將參加大學入學考試。（決心） Sha

48、ll I open the window?  我打開窗戶好嗎？（征求允諾） You shall have the book as soon as I get it. 我一拿到書就給你。（說話人的允諾） The enemy shall not pass.  決不讓敵人通過。（說話人的保證） I will do my best to help you.  我愿意盡力幫助你。（意愿） Nobody shall be late for the meeting. 任何人開會都不能遲到。（說話人的命令）&#

49、160;（2）be going + 動詞不定式 1）這種結構表示主體現(xiàn)在打算在最近或?qū)硪瞿呈?。這種打算往往是事先考慮好的。例如： My brother is going to learn English next year.  我哥哥準備明年學英語。 I am going to meet Tom at the station at six. 我六點鐘要到火車站去接湯姆。 She is not going to be there.  她不會到那兒去的。 When are you going to fin

50、ish your work?  你的工作什么時候做完？ He is going to stay a week.  他準備呆一星期。 We are going to call a meeting to discuss it. 我們準備開個會來討論一下。 2）這種結構還可以表示說話人根據(jù)已有的跡象認為非?？赡芗磳l(fā)生某事。例如： Look at these black clouds？it is going to rain. 看這些烏云？要下雨了。 I think it is going to snow. 我看要下雪。 I am afraid I am going to have a bad cold. ?恐怕我要得重感冒。詳細講解-將來進行時將來進行時shall/will be + 現(xiàn)在分詞用法：將來進行時動詞表示在將來某一段時間內(nèi)將會發(fā)生的動作。 This time ne