牛津英語(yǔ)9b_unit1復(fù)習(xí)課件(judy)

1、 How much have you known about this unit? Can you remember these words correctly?1.吉他2.宇航員3.比較4.開(kāi)發(fā)，發(fā)展 n.5.漂浮6.移居者7.擁擠的8.專門地，特地9.藥片1. guitar2. astronaut3. compare4. develop development5. float6. settler7. crowded8. specially9. pillCan you remember these words correctly?10.機(jī)器人11.大氣，空氣12.想象，設(shè)想13.重力14.交

2、通工具15.氧氣16.帳篷17.討論(n.) v.18.人口10. robot11. atmosphere12. imagine13. gravity14. vehicle15. oxygen16. tent17. discussion discuss18. populationCan you remember these words correctly?19.行星20.外星人21.表面22.被污染的 v. / n. 23.流行的，時(shí) 髦的 n.24.令人愉快的25.航天飛機(jī)19. planet20. alien21.surface22. polluted pollute, pollution

3、23. fashionable fashion24. enjoyable25. space shuttle 1.在許多方面在許多方面2.在某些方面在某些方面3.照顧；照料照顧；照料4.被照顧；照料被照顧；照料5.火星上的生活火星上的生活6.夠到我的食物夠到我的食物7.能夠做某事能夠做某事8.幫助某人做某事幫助某人做某事9.呈現(xiàn)藥片的形狀呈現(xiàn)藥片的形狀10.使某人感到非常難受使某人感到非常難受11.使某人鎮(zhèn)定下來(lái)使某人鎮(zhèn)定下來(lái)12.使這個(gè)夢(mèng)想成為現(xiàn)實(shí)使這個(gè)夢(mèng)想成為現(xiàn)實(shí) in many waysin some wayscare for = take care of = look afterbe c

4、ared for = be taken care of = be looked afterlife on Marsget to my food = reach my foodbe able to do sth = can do sthhelp sb. with sth.= help sb. (to) do sth.in the form of pillsmake sb. feel very illmake sb. calm downmake this dream come true13.提供某物給某人提供某物給某人14.變得越來(lái)越擁擠變得越來(lái)越擁擠15.目前；現(xiàn)在目前；現(xiàn)在16.以以.速度速度

5、17.以光速的一半運(yùn)行以光速的一半運(yùn)行18.首先首先19.許多許多20.漂入太空中漂入太空中21.飄浮在空中飄浮在空中22.因住在那里而生病因住在那里而生病23.將將A連接到連接到B上面上面provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb.become more and more crowdedat present = at the moment = nowat the speed of travel at half the speed of lightfirst of alllarge numbers of = a large/great number

6、of = manyfloat away into spacefloat in the airget ill from living thereconnect A to B24.被連接到被連接到25.進(jìn)行考試進(jìn)行考試26.和和.一樣美味一樣美味be connected to take/have examsas tasty as 27.壓縮食品；干縮食品壓縮食品；干縮食品 dried food28.數(shù)碼相機(jī)數(shù)碼相機(jī)29.傷害某人傷害某人30.去火星的旅行去火星的旅行31.太空睡袋太空睡袋32.準(zhǔn)備做某事準(zhǔn)備做某事33.愿意做某事愿意做某事digital camerasdo harm to sb.

7、= harm sb.= be harmful to sbthe journey to Marsspace sleeping bagprepare to do sth.= get ready to do athbe willing to do sth.34.在太空旅行在太空旅行35.在地球的表面在地球的表面36.在電腦的控制下在電腦的控制下37. 以以.開(kāi)始開(kāi)始38.搬到地球之外搬到地球之外39.第一批居住在火星上的人第一批居住在火星上的人40.讓某人做某事讓某人做某事41.請(qǐng)某人做某事（讓某事被做）請(qǐng)某人做某事（讓某事被做）travel in space= space travelon the

8、 surface of Earthunder the control of computersstart with= begin withmove out of Earth=move away from earththe first settlers to live on Marshave/make/let sb. do sth.have sth. done42.擔(dān)心（做某擔(dān)心（做某事）事）43.某事讓某人擔(dān)心某事讓某人擔(dān)心44.害怕做某事害怕做某事worry about (doing) sth. = be worried about (doing) sth.sth. worry sb.be

9、afraid of doing sth. = be afraid to do sth.45.讓讓遠(yuǎn)離遠(yuǎn)離 / 驅(qū)趕驅(qū)趕.46.花費(fèi)某人一些時(shí)間做某事花費(fèi)某人一些時(shí)間做某事47.阻止某人做某事阻止某人做某事48.防止飄浮防止飄浮49.拍高質(zhì)量的圖片拍高質(zhì)量的圖片50.有許多存儲(chǔ)空間有許多存儲(chǔ)空間51.被儲(chǔ)存很多個(gè)月被儲(chǔ)存很多個(gè)月52.在太陽(yáng)系里在太陽(yáng)系里53. 很難發(fā)現(xiàn)很難發(fā)現(xiàn)54.最不重要的最不重要的keep away fromIt takes sb. some time to do sth.=sb spend some in doing sthkeep/stop/prevent sb. fr

10、om doing sth.prevent floatingtake high-quality imageshave lots of memory spacebe stored for many monthsin the solar systembe hard to findthe least important55.坐在窗戶旁邊坐在窗戶旁邊56.匆匆瀏覽；快速閱讀匆匆瀏覽；快速閱讀57.價(jià)值多少價(jià)值多少sit by the windowrun overbe worth = cost58.值得做某事值得做某事59.2100年火星生活指南年火星生活指南60.某個(gè)安靜的地方某個(gè)安靜的地方61.更喜歡

11、做某事更喜歡做某事62.（飛機(jī)）起飛；脫下（飛機(jī)）起飛；脫下63.確信某事；對(duì)某事有把握確信某事；對(duì)某事有把握64.確信做某事；有把握做某事確信做某事；有把握做某事be worth doing sth.a guide to living on Mars in 2100somewhere quietprefer to do sth.=would rather do sth=like doing better thantake offbe sure/certain ofbe sure/certain to do sth.be sure/certain + that 賓從賓從Sb need to d

12、o sth. 65. 某人需要做某事某人需要做某事67. 某物某物 /事需要事需要 (被做被做)Sth need(s) doing =Sth need(s) to be done 68. 車需要修理車需要修理 The car needs repairing .=The car needs to be repaired . 66. 他需要多鍛煉他需要多鍛煉He needs to exercise more. 69. 去過(guò)去過(guò) (人已回人已回)70. 去了去了（人不在）（人不在）have/has been tohave/has gone to71. 去去 了某地一段時(shí)間了某地一段時(shí)間(人在某地人在

13、某地)have/has been in 72. 他去過(guò)北京兩次了。他去過(guò)北京兩次了。He has been to Beijing twice73. 他去了北京，他去了北京，2天后回來(lái)。天后回來(lái)。He has gone to Beijing , he will be back in two days.74. 他去北京他去北京2 年了。年了。He has been in Beijing for 2 years.fix sth. to sth. 75.把把 固定在固定在76.被固定在被固定在sth. be fixed to sth.be specially designed to be comfor

14、table77.被專門設(shè)計(jì)得很舒適被專門設(shè)計(jì)得很舒適78. 一種流行的娛樂(lè)形式一種流行的娛樂(lè)形式a very popular form of entertainment79.低重力籃球比賽低重力籃球比賽 low-gravity basketball games80. 火星生活指南火星生活指南a guide to living on Mars81.沒(méi)有交通車輛引起的大氣污染沒(méi)有交通車輛引起的大氣污染no air pollution caused by traffic82. 用激光驅(qū)趕動(dòng)物用激光驅(qū)趕動(dòng)物 keep the animals away with laser light83. 他太緊張而

15、不能放松他太緊張而不能放松 He is too nervous to relax.84. 我們需要做的事做好了。我們需要做的事做好了。Everything we need to do is done.85. 公共交通系統(tǒng)公共交通系統(tǒng)the public transport system86. 供供選擇選擇for sb to choose from87. 會(huì)有各種款式供移民挑選會(huì)有各種款式供移民挑選88.與地球上的生活相比與地球上的生活相比89.人口仍然增長(zhǎng)快速人口仍然增長(zhǎng)快速There will be various designs for settlers to choose fromcom

16、pared with life on EarthThe population is still increasing quicklythree-eighths90.八分之三八分之三91.住在火星上的缺點(diǎn)住在火星上的缺點(diǎn)disadvantages of living on Mars92.被固定在墻上被固定在墻上be fixed to the walls93.以一個(gè)討論開(kāi)始以一個(gè)討論開(kāi)始start with a discussion94. 每一元人民幣兌換每一元人民幣兌換10火星幣火星幣get about M$10 for every ￥195.開(kāi)發(fā)出植物開(kāi)發(fā)出植物develop plants 9

17、6.設(shè)想某事設(shè)想某事imagine sth97.設(shè)想做某事設(shè)想做某事 imagine doing sth98. 我原以為你喜歡火星。我原以為你喜歡火星。 I thought you liked Mars.99. 太空旅行會(huì)讓人不舒服太空旅行會(huì)讓人不舒服Space travel will make people feel ill.Daniel is thinking about what life will be like in the future.100.Daniel在考慮未來(lái)的生活將會(huì)像什么樣子。在考慮未來(lái)的生活將會(huì)像什么樣子。101. 在月球上野營(yíng)在月球上野營(yíng)camp on the mo

18、on102.夢(mèng)想做某事夢(mèng)想做某事dream about doing sth103.隨身攜帶某物隨身攜帶某物take sth with sb104. 你選擇的理由你選擇的理由reasons for your choices105. 故障故障的原因的原因causes of problems111. 搭一個(gè)帳篷搭一個(gè)帳篷 put up a tent110. 討厭做某事討厭做某事hate doing sth106. 我可以問(wèn)你一些問(wèn)題嗎？我可以問(wèn)你一些問(wèn)題嗎？Can I ask you some questions ?107. 寫(xiě)一個(gè)生活在火星上的指南寫(xiě)一個(gè)生活在火星上的指南 write a guid

19、e to living on Mars108. 錢將不會(huì)是很重要的錢將不會(huì)是很重要的.Money will not be important. 109. 你覺(jué)得你覺(jué)得.怎么樣？怎么樣？How do you like/ find?=What do you think of hatehate表示“不喜歡”或“不愿意”，相當(dāng)于not like后可接不定式或動(dòng)詞-ing形式；接不定式時(shí)一般表示一種具體的概念，接動(dòng)詞-ing形式時(shí)一般表示一種籠統(tǒng)的概念。e.g.Mother hates to move out of the house. I hate troubling people.hate后接名詞時(shí)

20、表示“憎恨”，語(yǔ)氣很強(qiáng)，意思不同于dont likeHe hates that man.care for=take care of / look aftercareful(adj.) careless(adj.)carefully(adv.) carelessly(adv.)carefulness(n.) carelessness(n.)care 不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)1.How do you like? 與 What do you think of? How do you like this film? = What do you think of this movie?2.I thought yo

21、u liked Mars.我原以為你喜歡火星。you liked Mars是賓語(yǔ)從句，作thought的賓語(yǔ)。thought是think的過(guò)去式，這里thought表示“原以為”的意思，也就是說(shuō)現(xiàn)在的狀況和當(dāng)初以為的不一樣，注意thought后的賓語(yǔ)從句要用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。e.g. I thought he would come. 我原以為他會(huì)來(lái)。I cant get to my food.get to my food相當(dāng)于reach/eat/have/touch my food,這里get to 的意思是“接觸、觸及、觸動(dòng)”，e.g. Our teachers words get to me.I

22、decide to study hard.get to 作到達(dá)講時(shí)，后跟地點(diǎn)名詞，注意當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)為home、here、there等副詞時(shí)，不要加to。e.g.Ill call you as soon as I get to Beijing. By the time I got there, the train had left.at the moment相當(dāng)于now，“現(xiàn)在，此刻”She is the most popular singer at the moment.常與moment搭配的詞組：in a moment 立刻，馬上，一會(huì)兒（常與將來(lái)時(shí)連用）for the moment 暫時(shí) 目前a

23、t this/that moment在此、那時(shí)developv.（1）發(fā)展，發(fā)育，發(fā)達(dá)（2）沖洗，使顯影I think those photographs will look nice when theyre developed.我想這些照片沖洗好之后一定很不錯(cuò)。6.分?jǐn)?shù)表示法：three-quarters四分之三，分子是基數(shù)詞，分母是序數(shù)詞，分子大于1時(shí)，分母用復(fù)數(shù)。注意四分之幾的分母用quarter，二分之一用half (1) Two thirds of the students in their class are boys. (3) Three-fifths of the water

24、in the bottle was drunk by me. (4) One quarter / A fourth of the teachers are having a meeting now. 注意：當(dāng)分?jǐn)?shù)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)視其后面的名詞而定，如名詞是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，如名詞是單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。prevent prevent from =stop from =keepfrom (from為介詞，后加ing) 阻止，預(yù)防某人干某事 比如:l prevent him from going out.我阻止他出去。variousveris 各種各樣的，許多的He

25、 refused to go there with various reasons.varietyvrat 常用作名詞，意為“變化，多樣性，種種，各種”。短語(yǔ)：a variety of 各種各樣的The shopping-centre sells a variety of pare的用法：comparewith表示“把與相比（同類相比）”， compareto表示“把比做（異類相比，比喻）”。 (1) Dont compare me with you. Im not the same as you. (2) Children are often compared to the young tr

26、ees. (3) Compared with him, I can play the piano much better. 9.population的用法： (1) Whats the population of Beijing? -相當(dāng)于：How many people are there in Beijing? (2) Wuxi has a population of about 800,000. (3) Sichuan has a large population. / 或：The population in Sichuan is very large. (人口少：用small) pop

27、ulation是一個(gè)集合名詞,它的用法有時(shí)較為特殊,所以很容易用錯(cuò)。下面談一下它的用法。 一、population常與定冠詞the連用,作主語(yǔ)用時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。例如: The worlds population is increasing faster and faster. 全世界的人口增長(zhǎng)得越來(lái)越快。 At the beginning of the twentieth century, the worlds population was about 1,700 million. 在二十世紀(jì)初,全世界的人口大約是十七億。 二、當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是表示人口的百分之幾、幾分之幾時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

28、用復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如: About seventy percent of the population in China are farmers. 中國(guó)大約有百分之七十的人口是農(nóng)民。 三、有時(shí)population可用作可數(shù)名詞,其前可用不定冠詞。例如: China has a population of about 1.3 billion. (=There is a population of about 1.3 billion in China.) 中國(guó)大約有十三億人口。 New York is a big city with a population of over 10 million. 紐

29、約是一個(gè)有一千多萬(wàn)人口的大城市。 在表示多個(gè)地區(qū)的人口時(shí),population要用復(fù)數(shù)形式populations。例如: Many parts of the world, which once had large populations and produced plenty of crops, have become deserts. 世界上很多地區(qū)一度人口眾多,種植大量的農(nóng)作物;現(xiàn)在,這些地區(qū)已經(jīng)變成了沙漠。 四、表示人口的多或少,不用much或little,而要用large或small。例如: India has a population. 印度人口眾多。 Singapore has a

30、 small population. 新加坡人口少。 五、詢問(wèn)某國(guó)、某地有多少人口時(shí),不用How much.?,而用How large.?;在問(wèn)具體人口時(shí)用What.?。例如: -How large is the population of your hometown? 你們家鄉(xiāng)有多少人口? -The population of our hometown is nearly twice as large as that of yours. 我們家鄉(xiāng)的人口是你們家鄉(xiāng)人口的將近兩倍。 -What is the population of Canada? 加拿大的人口有多少? -The popula

31、tion of Canada is about 29 million. 加拿大的人口大約有二千九百萬(wàn)。 六、population還表示某地、某類的動(dòng)、植物或物品的總數(shù)。例如: In India, however, the population of tigers has increased, from 2,000 in 1972 to about 5,000 in 1989. 然而在印度,老虎的總數(shù)已從1972年的2,000只增長(zhǎng)到了1989年的大約5,000只。connectconnect.to(with).表示“把.與.連起來(lái)”強(qiáng)調(diào)兩個(gè)有形物體的連接，介詞用to或with都可以。Lets

32、connect the wire to the telephone.讓我們把電線和電話機(jī)連接起來(lái)。The bridge connected the city to the town on the other side.這座橋把這座城市與另一邊的城鎮(zhèn)連接了起來(lái)。當(dāng)表示“與.有聯(lián)系”或“與.有關(guān)”時(shí)，用be connected with.,這里介詞不用toAre you connected with the matter？=Do you have anything to do with the matter？你與那件事有關(guān)嗎?Are you connected with her？=Are you

33、in touch with her？你和她有關(guān)系嗎？1Therewillbevariousdesignsforsettlerstochoosefrom.將有許多種設(shè)計(jì)可供移居者選擇。將有許多種設(shè)計(jì)可供移居者選擇。tochoosefrom意思是意思是“從從中挑選中挑選”。e.g.我有很多雙鞋子可以選擇，但我決定不了選哪雙。我有很多雙鞋子可以選擇，但我決定不了選哪雙。Ihavemanypairsofshoes_(tochoosefrom),butIdontknowwhichpair_.(tochoose)2Thejourneymighttakeonlyaveryshorttimeinspacesh

34、uttlesthattravelathalfthespeedoflight.用以光速一半速度飛行的太空穿梭機(jī)進(jìn)行的旅程用以光速一半速度飛行的太空穿梭機(jī)進(jìn)行的旅程可能只要花很短的時(shí)間?？赡苤灰ê芏痰臅r(shí)間。分析：此句是分析：此句是that連接的定語(yǔ)從句。連接的定語(yǔ)從句。that引導(dǎo)的定引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞spaceshuttles,從句中的動(dòng)詞的從句中的動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)由先行詞人稱和數(shù)由先行詞spaceshuttles決定。決定。shuttle n. （織機(jī)的）梭子；航天飛機(jī)；（縫紉機(jī)的）滑梭；短程穿梭運(yùn)行的飛機(jī)（或火車，汽車） Theres shuttle service b

35、etween Shanghai and Hong Kong.在上海和香港之間有往返航班。vt.& vi. 穿梭般來(lái)回移動(dòng) ,頻繁往來(lái)（于兩地之間），往返運(yùn)送A bus shuttles passengers back and forth from the bus station to the train station.一輛公共汽車在汽車站和火車站之間往返運(yùn)送旅客。at the speed of.以.的速度at half/twice the speed of.以.一半/兩倍的速度at low/high speed 以低速/高速at top/full speed全速4.Everystud

36、entwillhaveacomputerathomeconnectedtointer-planetarynetwork.每個(gè)學(xué)生在家每個(gè)學(xué)生在家里有一臺(tái)連接星際網(wǎng)絡(luò)的電腦。里有一臺(tái)連接星際網(wǎng)絡(luò)的電腦。connectto意思是意思是“與與連接連接”。這里的。這里的connectedto是過(guò)去分詞后置作定語(yǔ)是過(guò)去分詞后置作定語(yǔ),修飾修飾computer。當(dāng)然我們也可以用當(dāng)然我們也可以用connectto結(jié)構(gòu)表示結(jié)構(gòu)表示“把把和和連接起來(lái)連接起來(lái)”。e.g.江陰大橋把江陰和靖江連接了起來(lái)江陰大橋把江陰和靖江連接了起來(lái).JiangyinBridge_Jiangyin_Jingjiang.(connec

37、tsto)ExercisesI 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：Earth is becoming more and more _ (crowd).Every year, large numbers of tourists _ (come) to visit Beijing.This pair of boots looks very _ (fashion).There will be no _ (pollute)on Mars.The news maker her _ (feel) sad.1._ (science)are working hard to make the dr

38、eam become true. can, could, may, might都都可以用來(lái)表示請(qǐng)求或給予許可以用來(lái)表示請(qǐng)求或給予許可。但用法上有一些區(qū)別可。但用法上有一些區(qū)別：1. can與與could can常用于口語(yǔ)中，表示非正式的請(qǐng)求，請(qǐng)求對(duì)象一般是家人或朋友。如：Can I borrow your bike, Simon? 西蒙，我可以借一下你的自行車嗎？ Of course. 當(dāng)然可以。Can I have some milk, Mum? 媽媽，我可以喝點(diǎn)牛奶嗎？ Yes, you can. 好的。 could是can的過(guò)去式，在口語(yǔ)中，could常用來(lái)代替can向?qū)Ψ礁竦靥岢稣?qǐng)

39、求，用法上比can正式，可以用于向老師或長(zhǎng)輩提出請(qǐng)求，這時(shí)could不表示過(guò)去，回答一般還是用can。如：a) Could I use your computer, please? 請(qǐng)問(wèn)，我可以用一下你的電腦嗎？ Yes, you can. 可以。b) Could I hand in our homework later, Mr Lin? 林老師，我可以稍后交作業(yè)嗎？ No, you cant. 不，不行。2. may與與might may也可以用來(lái)征求對(duì)方意見(jiàn)，意為“可以”，相當(dāng)于could，用法也比can更正式，更禮貌，一般用于向陌生人或所尊敬的人請(qǐng)求許可。如：May I ask you

40、a question? 我可以 問(wèn)你一個(gè)問(wèn)題嗎？ Yes, please. 可以，請(qǐng)問(wèn)。b) May I come in, Mr Wu? 吳老師，我可以進(jìn)來(lái)嗎？ No, you may not. 不行。 might是may的過(guò)去式，它也可以用來(lái)表示征求對(duì)方意見(jiàn)，不過(guò)很少用。might在語(yǔ)氣上比may更婉轉(zhuǎn)，但不如may表現(xiàn)得那么自信，這時(shí)might不表示過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，肯定回答時(shí)通常用may。如：a) Might I join you? 我可以加入你們嗎？ Yes, you may. 可以。b) Might I have a look at your new plan? 我可以看一下你的新計(jì)劃嗎？

41、No, you may not. 不，不行。Exercises:1. May I go surfing alone this afternoon, Dad? No, you _. It is dangerous. (2005 江蘇南京) A. may not B. cant C. neednt D. dont 1. 選B。 他父親的回答 說(shuō)了No 就應(yīng)該直接否定就 You cant 你不可以選A的話的意思是 你可能不行,還有商量的余地。2. Can I get you a drink? _. I have already got one. (2005 甘肅) A. Thats very nic

42、e of you. B. No, you dont have to. C. Yes, please. D. With pleasure. 2. 選B。這里can I 句子是征求意見(jiàn)，所以排除A、D。再根據(jù)下句I have already got one.說(shuō)明 “不需要”, 故可排除C。3. Lin Lings mother wanted to know _. (2005 四川) A. if she studied hard at school B. how did she study at school C. what did she study at school 3. 選A。 此處為賓語(yǔ)從

43、句，且從句的語(yǔ)序應(yīng)為陳述句語(yǔ)序。 4. Do you want to know _in the future? A special mirror invented by the French scientists can help you. (2006 山東萊蕪) A. what you will look like B. what will you look like C. how do you look like D. how you look like 4. 選 A。 這里是賓語(yǔ)從句，應(yīng)該用陳述句語(yǔ)序，排除B,C；“看上去怎樣”疑問(wèn)詞應(yīng)該用what， 作為介詞like 的賓語(yǔ)，排除D。5

44、. It is said that the gravity on Mars is only about _ of the gravity on Earth. (2006 江蘇蘇州) A. three-eighths B. third-eight C. three-eights D. third-eight 5. 選A。 這里考查的是分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)。賓賓 語(yǔ)語(yǔ) 從從 句句Hedoesntsayanything.Hesayshe is from Italy.HeaskedifI was Chinese.Hedidntsaya word.(代詞作賓語(yǔ)代詞作賓語(yǔ))(名詞作賓語(yǔ)名詞作賓語(yǔ))(句子作句子作sa

45、y的的賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ))賓語(yǔ)從句屬于名詞性從句，在句中作主句的賓語(yǔ)。Itwatcheswhat I did.由從屬連詞由從屬連詞thatthat引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句注：注：that that 在句中無(wú)意義，在句中無(wú)意義，在從句中不能充當(dāng)成分在從句中不能充當(dāng)成分,在口語(yǔ)當(dāng)中往往在口語(yǔ)當(dāng)中往往省略省略用法：用法：常用在一些動(dòng)詞后，比如常用在一些動(dòng)詞后，比如 think, think, believe believe 和和knowknow等。等。 有時(shí)也用于一些有時(shí)也用于一些形容詞，如形容詞，如certain, sure certain, sure 等等。把下列句子合并成一句。把下列句子合并成一句。

46、 Heisdoinghishomework.Hesays.2.TheyhavebeentoBeijing.Hethinks. 3.Youspokeatthemeeting.Theybelieve.He says (that) he is doing his homework.He thinks (that) they have been to Beijing.They believe (that) you spoke at the meeting.由從屬連詞由從屬連詞 whether,if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句注：注：if/ whether “是否是否”，說(shuō)明對(duì)陳，說(shuō)明對(duì)陳述的事物不明確

47、或不清楚。常用在述的事物不明確或不清楚。常用在ask, wonder, can (could) you tell me 等后。等后。只能用只能用whether不能用不能用if的情況的情況1.在介詞后面在介詞后面We are worried about whether it will rain tomorrow.They asked me whether to go skating.2.在動(dòng)詞不定式前在動(dòng)詞不定式前He asked whether I did homework or not.Tell me whether youd like to walk or take a bus.3.當(dāng)與當(dāng)

48、與or not連用，或連用，或提出兩種選擇提出兩種選擇時(shí)時(shí):4.賓語(yǔ)從句提前時(shí)：賓語(yǔ)從句提前時(shí)：Whether this is true or not, I cant say.由連接代詞由連接代詞who,whom,whose,which,what who,whom,whose,which,what 和連接副詞和連接副詞 where,how,why,when where,how,why,when引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句的賓語(yǔ)從句注：注：代詞或副詞連接主句和從句，代詞或副詞連接主句和從句，并在從句中擔(dān)任句子成分，具有一定的意義，并在從句中擔(dān)任句子成分，具有一定的意義，不可省略。不可省略。 Doyoukn

49、ow_theylistenedtoyesterdayevening?A.whatB.whenC.whyD.how2.Pleasetellme_lastyear.A.wheredoesyoursisterworkB.wheredidyoursisterworkC.whereyoursisterworksD.whereyoursisterworked3.Didyouknow_?A.whohewaslookingafterB.whowashelookingforC.whoheislookingforD.whoheislookingafter4.Couldyoutellme_?A.whenwillth

50、eyleaveBeijingB.whenwouldtheyleaveBeijingC.whentheywillleaveBeijingD.whendidtheyleaveBeijing一、賓語(yǔ)從句的概念 賓語(yǔ)從句屬于名詞性從句，在句中作主句的賓語(yǔ)。eg. We know Mr Green teaches English. She asked if these answers were right.二、賓語(yǔ)從句三要素引導(dǎo)詞（連接詞）語(yǔ) 序時(shí) 態(tài)e.g. Ihear(that)_.Hesaid(that)_.1.Theteachertoldus(that)_.hewillbebackinanhou

51、r hemissedusverymuch theearthmoves由從屬連詞由從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句注注：that 在句中無(wú)詞匯意義，在從句中不能在句中無(wú)詞匯意義，在從句中不能充當(dāng)成分，在口語(yǔ)當(dāng)中往往省略充當(dāng)成分，在口語(yǔ)當(dāng)中往往省略aroundthesun thatthat不能省略的幾種情況不能省略的幾種情況 在由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中，由于連詞that只起引導(dǎo)功能，無(wú)具體意義，不擔(dān)當(dāng)任何成份，因此在口語(yǔ)或非正式的文體中常可省略。然而，大凡規(guī)則總有例外的情況，在下列that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中，that則不能省略。1. 從句的主語(yǔ)是從句的主語(yǔ)是that。如：。如： He

52、says that that is a real kings hat. 他說(shuō)那是一個(gè)真的王冠。2. that從句中含有主從復(fù)合句。如：從句中含有主從復(fù)合句。如： Im afraid that if youve lost it, you must pay for it.3. 主從句之間有插入語(yǔ)時(shí)。如：主從句之間有插入語(yǔ)時(shí)。如： It says here, on this card, that it was used in plays. 卡片上寫(xiě)著，它是古代演戲用的。4. 若出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)或兩上以上的由若出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)或兩上以上的由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，且引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，且由并列連詞連接時(shí)，只有第一個(gè)連詞由

53、并列連詞連接時(shí)，只有第一個(gè)連詞that可以省略?？梢允÷?。如： She said (that) she would come and that she would also bring her son. 她說(shuō)她要來(lái)，還要帶她的兒子來(lái)。if，whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句. if和和whether引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，作引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，作“是否是否”講，一般情況下，二者沒(méi)有區(qū)別，可以換用。講，一般情況下，二者沒(méi)有區(qū)別，可以換用。但但if常用于口語(yǔ)中，常用于口語(yǔ)中，whether比較正式。比較正式。如： Millie asked if/whether he liked this sweate

54、r. 米莉問(wèn)他是否喜歡這件羊毛衫。 The fisherman wants to know if/whether it will rain. 漁民想知道天是否會(huì)下雨。 . if和和whether引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，要注意賓引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，要注意賓語(yǔ)從句三要素，即連詞、語(yǔ)序和時(shí)態(tài)。由語(yǔ)從句三要素，即連詞、語(yǔ)序和時(shí)態(tài)。由于于if和和whether連接的是一般疑問(wèn)句，因此連接的是一般疑問(wèn)句，因此要注意把從句語(yǔ)序改為陳述句語(yǔ)序。要注意把從句語(yǔ)序改為陳述句語(yǔ)序。如： Does Mr Zhao live in Room 208? Could you tell me? Could you tell me if/

55、whether Mr Zhao lives in Room 208? 其次要注意時(shí)態(tài)變化： 1. 若主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句用任何所需時(shí)態(tài)。若主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句用任何所需時(shí)態(tài)。如： He wants to know if/whether they had a good journey home. 他想知道他們回家旅途是否愉快。2. 若主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句則用跟過(guò)去相關(guān)的時(shí)若主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句則用跟過(guò)去相關(guān)的時(shí)態(tài)。即一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)變?yōu)橐话氵^(guò)去時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。即一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)變?yōu)橐话氵^(guò)去時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)變?yōu)檫^(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)、一般將來(lái)時(shí)為過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)、現(xiàn)變?yōu)檫^(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)、一般將來(lái)時(shí)為過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)變

56、為過(guò)去完成時(shí)。在完成時(shí)態(tài)變?yōu)檫^(guò)去完成時(shí)。如： Did the train leave? She didnt know. She didnt know if/whether the train had left. . if和和whether的區(qū)別。的區(qū)別。 二者在下列幾種情況下不能換用：1. 賓語(yǔ)從句置于句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，應(yīng)用賓語(yǔ)從句置于句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，應(yīng)用whether，不用，不用if。如： Whether this is true or not, I cant say. 這是否對(duì)，我不能說(shuō)。2. 賓語(yǔ)從句與賓語(yǔ)從句與or not直接連用時(shí)，應(yīng)用直接連用時(shí)，應(yīng)用whether， 不能用不能用if

57、。如： I dont know whether or not he will come tomorrow. 我不知道他明天是否要來(lái)。3. 與動(dòng)詞不定式連用時(shí)，只能用與動(dòng)詞不定式連用時(shí)，只能用whether。如： She cant decide whether to go to America. 她不能決定是否去美國(guó)。4. 從句作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，只能用從句作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，只能用whether。如： I worry about whether I hurt her feeling. 我擔(dān)心是否傷了她的感情。5. 賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是否定形式時(shí)，只能用賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是否定形式時(shí)，只能用if，不能用，不

58、能用whether。如： Tom wants know if he wont come here tomorrow. 湯姆想知道他明天是否不來(lái)這兒。6. if意為意為“假如，如果假如，如果”時(shí)，可以引導(dǎo)條件狀時(shí)，可以引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，而語(yǔ)從句，而whether沒(méi)有這個(gè)用法。沒(méi)有這個(gè)用法。如： If Simon comes here tomorrow, Ill call you. 假如西蒙明天來(lái)這兒，我將打電話告訴你。選擇填空。選擇填空。1. I dont know if Mr. Wang _on a field trip. If he _ on a field trip tomorrow, p

59、lease call me. A. goes; will go B. will go; goes C. will go; will go D. goes; goes 2. She asked me if I knew _. A. whose pen was it B. whose pen it was C. whose pen it is D. whose pen is itExercises:3. They wondered if the teacher _ us English the next term. A. would teach B. had taught C. will teac

60、h D. taught4. The boy asked _ any noise from outside. A. whether had I heard B. whether I had heard C. whether have I heard D. whether I have heard5. I havent decide _ to go out or stay at home. A. if B. when C. why D. whether6. I want to know _ he loves you. A. that B. what C. if D. who7. I wondered _