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1、第 4 講動(dòng)詞與動(dòng)詞短語1 Working with the medical team in Africa has_ the best in her as a doctor.(2020 江蘇, 25)A held outB brought outCpicked outD given out答案B解析句意為:在非洲與醫(yī)療隊(duì)的合作使她作為一名醫(yī)生的最佳素質(zhì)彰顯了出來。hold out伸出,堅(jiān)持; bring out 使顯現(xiàn),使表現(xiàn)出; pick out 挑選出,辨認(rèn)出; give out 分發(fā),發(fā)出。2 A quick review ofsuccesses and failuresat the e
2、nd of year will help _your yearahead.(2020 江蘇, 30)A shapeB switchCstretchD sharpen答案A解析句意為:到了年底,快速回顧一下自己的成功和失敗,這會(huì)有助于你為未來的一年做好規(guī)劃。 shape 影響 (某事物的發(fā)展 ),符合語境。 switch 轉(zhuǎn)換,轉(zhuǎn)變;stretch 變大,拉長;sharpen使變鋒利,使增強(qiáng)。3 Mr and Mrs Brown would like to see their daughter _ ,get married , and have kids.(2020 天津, 5)A settle
3、 downB keep offCget upD cut in答案A解析句意為: 布朗夫婦希望看到女兒安頓下來(settle down) ,結(jié)婚成家, 生兒育女。 keep off使避開,不接近;get up 起床,站起來;cut in 插嘴,打斷別人說話。4 He did not _ easily , but was willing to accept any constructive advice for a worthycause.(2020 江蘇, 25)A approachCcompromiseB wrestleD communicate答案C解析句意為:他不輕易妥協(xié),但他很樂意接受對
4、一項(xiàng)崇高事業(yè)的任何建設(shè)性的建議。compromise 妥協(xié),符合句意。5Many businesses started up by college students have _ thanks to the comfortable climatefor business creation.(2020江蘇,30)A fallen offCturned offB taken offD left off答案B解析句意為: 由于良好的創(chuàng)業(yè)環(huán)境,許多大學(xué)生的創(chuàng)業(yè)項(xiàng)目已經(jīng)成功。take off成功,起飛,符合句意。 fall off 跌落,下降; turn off 關(guān)掉; leave off 停止 (做
5、)某事,戒掉,均不符合題意。6 Parents should activelyurge theirchildrento_ the opportunitytojoinsportsteams.(2020 江蘇, 33)A gain admission toB keep track ofCtake advantage ofD give rise to答案C解析句意為: 父母應(yīng)積極督促孩子抓住機(jī)會(huì)加入運(yùn)動(dòng)隊(duì)。take advantage of 利用,符合句意。gain admission to 獲準(zhǔn)進(jìn)入; keep track of 與 保持聯(lián)系; give rise to 引起,導(dǎo)致, 均不符合題意
6、。7 We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our differences unite , rather than _ us.(2020 浙江,8)A divideB rejectCcontrolD abandon答案A解析句意為: 當(dāng)我們學(xué)會(huì)求同存異,而非對立分歧時(shí),我們會(huì)收獲頗多。divide分開; reject拒絕; control 控制; abandon 放棄,拋棄。根據(jù)句意可知選A 。8 When their children lived far away from them, these old people felt _ from t
7、he world.(2020浙江, 12)A carried awayCcut offB broken downD brought up答案C解析句意為:當(dāng)孩子們住得離他們很遠(yuǎn)時(shí),這些老人們感覺與外界隔離了。carry away 帶走,奪走;break down拋錨,垮掉;cut off切斷,隔離;bring up撫養(yǎng),提出。根據(jù)句意可知選C。9 When the time came to make the final decision for a course , I decided to apply for the one that_ my interest.(2020浙江,14)A li
8、mitedCreflectedB reservedD spoiled答案C解析句意為:當(dāng)最后決定選一門課程時(shí),我決定申請那門反映我興趣的課程。reflect反映,體現(xiàn),符合語境。limit限制;reserve 預(yù)訂,保留;spoil毀掉,溺愛。10Mary was silent during the early part of the discussion but finally she _ her opinion onthe subject.(2020天津, 8)A gave voice toB kept an eye onCturned a deaf ear toD set foot on
9、答案A解析句意為:瑪麗在討論初期保持了沉默,但最終還是提出了對這一話題的看法。give voiceto 意為 “表達(dá)對 的想法 ”,符合語境。 keep an eye on 照看,留意;turn a deaf ear to 對 充耳不聞; set foot on 進(jìn)入,參觀。11 I hate it when she calls me at work I m always too busy to _ a conversation withher.(2020天津,14)A carry onB break intoCturn downD cut off答案A解析句意為:我討厭工作時(shí)她給我打電話 我
10、一直很忙,沒時(shí)間與她進(jìn)行談話。carry on意為 “進(jìn)行, 繼續(xù) ” ,符合語境。 break into 打斷,闖入; turn down 調(diào)低,拒絕; cut off 停止,中斷。12Schools should be lively places where individuals are encouraged to _ to their greatestpotential.(2020江蘇,22)A accelerateCperformB improveD develop答案D解析句意為: 學(xué)校應(yīng)該是鼓勵(lì)個(gè)人發(fā)展他們最大潛力的、充滿活力的地方。accelerate 加速;improve 改
11、善; perform 執(zhí)行; develop 發(fā)展。13The universitystarted some new language programs to _ the country s Silk RoadEconomic Belt.(2020江蘇, 27)A apply toB cater forCappeal toD hunt for答案B解析句意為: 大學(xué)開始開設(shè)一些新的語言項(xiàng)目,以迎合國家的絲綢之路經(jīng)濟(jì)帶。apply to 適用于,申請; cater for 迎合,滿足所需;appeal to 呼吁,上訴; hunt for 搜尋。14The whole team _ Cristi
12、ano Ronaldo ,and he seldom lets them down.(2020 江蘇, 29)A wait onB focus onCcount onD call on答案C解析句意為:整個(gè)球隊(duì)依靠克里斯蒂亞諾羅納爾多,而他很少讓他們失望。wait on 服侍,等待; focus on 集中于,關(guān)注; count on 依靠,指望; call on 拜訪,號召,呼吁。15 Studies have shown that the right and left ear _ sound differently.(2020 浙江, 5)A produceB pronounceCproc
13、essD download答案C解析句意為: 研究表明左右耳處理聲音的方式不同。process 加工,處理,符合語境。 produce生產(chǎn),制作,創(chuàng)作;pronounce 發(fā)音; download 下載。16 If steel is heavier than water , why are ships able to _ on the sea? (2020 浙江, 16)A floatB drownCshrinkD split答案A解析句意為: 如果鋼鐵比水重的話, 那為什么輪船能夠浮在海面上?float漂浮,符合語境。drown 淹沒, (使 )溺死; shrink( 使 ) 收縮, (使
14、)縮小; split ( 使 )裂開, (使 )破裂。17 If you come to visit China ,you will_ a culture of amazing depth and variety.(2020 徽,安22)A developB createCsubstituteD experience答案D解析句意為:如果你來訪問中國,你將體驗(yàn)到有著驚人的深度和多元化的文化。develop開發(fā); create 創(chuàng)造; substitute 替代; experience 經(jīng)歷,體驗(yàn)。18The team are working hard to _ the problem so t
15、hat they can find the best solution.(2020 北,湖23)A faceB preventCraiseD analyze答案D解析句意為:這個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)正在努力分析這個(gè)問題,以便他們能找到最好的解決方法。根據(jù)題干中的 find the best solution 可知,在找到最好的解決方法之前應(yīng)該是先努力 “分析 (analyze)” 問題。 face 面對; prevent 阻止; raise 提高。19In order not to be heard ,she pointed her finger upwards to _ that someone was m
16、ovingabout upstairs.(2020 湖北,24)A whisperB signalCdeclareD complain答案B解析句意為:為了不讓別人聽到自己的聲音,她豎起手指示意有人正在樓上走動(dòng)。根據(jù)題干中的 pointed her finger upwards可知,她只是豎起手指示意,并沒有出聲。signal 意為 “ 示意 ” ,所以答案選 B 項(xiàng)。 whisper 低語; declare 宣布; complain 抱怨。20 If you have any doubts about your health , you d better_ your doctor at on
17、ce.(2020 天津, 11)A convinceB consultCavoidD affect答案B解析句意為: 如果你對自己的健康狀況有所懷疑的話,你最好馬上咨詢醫(yī)生。 consult 請教,咨詢,找 (醫(yī)生 )診治,符合語境。convince 使相信,使明白; avoid 避免; affect 影響。1有些動(dòng)詞,如feel, look ,taste 等,既可用作系動(dòng)詞,又可用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,怎么判斷呢?系動(dòng)詞常跟形容詞作表語;實(shí)義動(dòng)詞則常用副詞作狀語;系動(dòng)詞一般不用進(jìn)行時(shí),但在表示語意客氣、生動(dòng)、親切時(shí),可用進(jìn)行時(shí)。The newly-invented drinkingtastes qui
18、te unique.這種新研制的飲料嘗起來挺獨(dú)特的。(系動(dòng)詞 )The chef is tasting the fish carefully.廚師正在仔細(xì)地品嘗這條魚。(實(shí)義動(dòng)詞)2run out/run out of的區(qū)別:run out是不及物動(dòng)詞短語,無被動(dòng)語態(tài),主語通常是表示時(shí)間、食物、金錢等的名詞;run out of是及物動(dòng)詞短語,相當(dāng)于use up,主語通常為人。My money ran out .我的錢花完了。I ran out ofmy money.我把錢花完了。3具體語境中對動(dòng)詞“熟詞生義”的考查。如下列單詞的“熟詞生義”:ache 渴望; address 在上寫地址; a
19、ppreciate 理解,意識到; count 有價(jià)值; cover 足以支付; develop 逐漸形成; draw 推斷出; escape被忘掉; fail 使失望, 衰退; invite 招致; observe 遵守,慶祝; push 督促; promise 預(yù)示; part 分手,放棄; read 寫著; relate 講述; say 假設(shè); walk 遛等。4常見的基礎(chǔ)詞匯如get, take, put, break,look , call 等構(gòu)成的短語一直是高考考查的重點(diǎn)。如: If the new safety system had been put to use , the a
20、ccident would never have happened. 句中 put.to use 是固定搭配,意為“利用 /使用”。 As their children lived far away from them, these old people felt cut off from the world. 此句中的 cut off 意為“隔絕,隔離”。1Roger trained hard for the tournament for months , but unfortunately he had to _ due toa knee injury.(2020A pull outCtr
21、y out答案A32)B work outD give out解析句意為: Roger 為了這次錦標(biāo)賽艱苦訓(xùn)練了好幾個(gè)月,但不幸的是,由于膝傷,他不得不退出。 work out 計(jì)算出,鍛煉;try out 試驗(yàn),選拔; give out 散發(fā),分發(fā),用完。pull out退出, (使 )離開,符合語境,故選A 項(xiàng)。2 If you want frequently.(2020to go further in the new sport, the best way is to _ and practise more南通、揚(yáng)州、泰州、淮安三模,22)A dive inB drop outCcatc
22、h onD spring up答案A解析句意為:如果你想在這項(xiàng)新的運(yùn)動(dòng)上走得更遠(yuǎn),最好的方法就是熱切地投入和更加頻繁地練習(xí)。 dive in 熱切地加入, 符合句意。 drop out 退出, 輟學(xué); catch on 流行起來; spring up突然出現(xiàn)。故選A 項(xiàng)。3 Ifyou manage to survivethe crisis , thinkabout how it will help you _ newchallenges.(2020 鎮(zhèn)江期末, 30)A give upB take upChold upD put up答案B解析句意為: 如果你設(shè)法在危機(jī)中幸存下來,思考一下它
23、將如何幫助你接受新的挑戰(zhàn)。takeup 接受, 拿起,舉起,占據(jù) (空間或時(shí)間 ),開始從事, 符合句意。 give up 放棄; hold up 舉起,支撐,耽擱,延誤;put up 舉起,升起,設(shè)立,建造,提供住宿,張貼,懸掛。故選B 項(xiàng)。4 You wouldn tnormally _ these twowriters ; their styles arecompletelydifferent.(2020 泰州中學(xué)摸底考試,27)A distinguishB associateCadjustD divorce答案B解析句意為: 你通常不會(huì)把這兩位作家聯(lián)系在一起,他們的風(fēng)格完全不同。 as
24、sociate 把 聯(lián)系在一起,使有關(guān)系,符合題意。distinguish 區(qū)別,區(qū)分; adjust 調(diào)整,校準(zhǔn); divorce 離婚,使分離。5Sharing a flat with someone helps ease ones loneliness, but living alone _ me ,for Ican play music as loud as I want.(2020泰州中學(xué)摸底考試,30)A caters toB refers toCappeals toD responds to答案C解析句意為:和某人共享一個(gè)公寓有助于緩解孤獨(dú)感,但獨(dú)居對我更有吸引力,因?yàn)槲铱梢詫⒁?/p>
25、樂播放到我想要的那樣響。appeal to sb.對某人有吸引力,符合句意。cater to 款待,為 服務(wù); refer to 參考,指的是;respond to 響應(yīng),回應(yīng)。6As its economy is maturing ,China s _ a greater role in critical issues like climate anddevelopment.(2020南京三模,30)A definingCguaranteeingB assumingD assuring答案B解析句意為:隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的成熟,在像氣候和發(fā)展那樣的重要問題上中國正在承擔(dān)更大的作用。 define定義,
26、使明確; guarantee 保證,擔(dān)保;assure保證,確保。均不符合語境。assume承擔(dān),呈現(xiàn),假定,認(rèn)為,assume a greater role承擔(dān)更大的作用,符合題意,故選B 項(xiàng)。7 The recently released filmKong : Skull Island successfully _ the audience to theadventure with Dolby 3-D technology.(2020南京三模,35)A transportsCtransformsB adjustsD relates答案A解析句意為: 最近上映的電影金剛 骷髏島 成功地用杜比
27、三維立體技術(shù)把觀眾帶入了這次冒險(xiǎn)經(jīng)歷中。adjust 調(diào)節(jié),適應(yīng); transform 使改觀,使變形;relate 聯(lián)系,均不符合語境。transport 在此處表示 “使產(chǎn)生身臨其境的感覺” ,符合語境,故選A 項(xiàng)。8In the virtual laboratory environment created in the VR app,students can _ a particularexperiment before doing them in a real lab.(2020蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市二模, 29)A revealB reserveCpreviewD provide答案C解析句意
28、為:在用虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)應(yīng)用程序創(chuàng)設(shè)的虛擬實(shí)驗(yàn)室環(huán)境中,學(xué)生們可以在真正的實(shí)驗(yàn)室實(shí)驗(yàn)之前預(yù)先進(jìn)行某個(gè)特定的實(shí)驗(yàn)。根據(jù)before doing them in a real lab可知,此處指預(yù)先進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn), preview 預(yù)展,預(yù)演,符合語境。故選C 項(xiàng)。9 The Palace of Versailles, France s nationaltreasure, has _many changes in itscentury-long history while keeping its beauty.(2020蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市二模, 23)A gone throughB taken onCled toD
29、showed off答案A解析句意為:凡爾賽宮,法國的國寶,在它一個(gè)世紀(jì)的歷史中,經(jīng)歷了許多變化卻依然美麗。 take on 呈現(xiàn),接納; lead to 導(dǎo)致; show off 炫耀。 go through 經(jīng)歷,經(jīng)受,此處注意動(dòng)賓搭配, go through changes 經(jīng)歷變化,符合語境,故選A 項(xiàng)。10Owingto The Chinese Poetry Competition , publications on classical Chinese literature are_ a significant share of storage space at the bookst
30、ore.(2020 蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市二模,31)A taking upB dividing upCbreaking upD putting up答案A解析句意為:得益于中國詩詞大會(huì)節(jié)目的播出,有關(guān)中國經(jīng)典文學(xué)的出版物占據(jù)了書店存儲空間的重要位置。 take up 占據(jù); divide up 分割; break up 解散; put up 提出。根據(jù)句意可知,答案為 A 。11 Friendship does not merely _ a sharing of activities; it is a sharing of self on a verypersonal level.(2020 蘇州調(diào)研
31、, 23)A involveCassociateB requestD deliver答案A解析句意為:友誼并不僅僅包含一起參加活動(dòng);它還是一種從非常個(gè)人的角度對自我的分享。 involve包含,需要,使成為必然部分(或結(jié)果),符合句意。request 要求,請求;associate聯(lián)系,聯(lián)想;deliver遞送,運(yùn)送,發(fā)表(講話 ),接生。12I think the experiment supports my theory ,but I need to _ the results a couple of timesto make sure that no mistakes were made
32、 while collecting the data.(2020蘇州調(diào)研, 27)A get overB take overChand overD go over答案D解析句意為:我認(rèn)為這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)支持我的理論,但是我需要仔細(xì)檢查幾次結(jié)果以確保在收集數(shù)據(jù)的時(shí)候沒有犯錯(cuò)。go over 仔細(xì)檢查,溫習(xí),復(fù)習(xí),符合句意。get over 克服,戰(zhàn)勝,恢復(fù); take over 接收,接管,控制; hand over 交給,遞給,移交。13 I regret to tell you that the council did not _ our plan. Oh, what a shame! (2020
33、南京、鹽城一模, 29)A smile onB concentrate onCsee throughD live through答案A解析句意為: 我遺憾地告訴你委員會(huì)不贊同我們的計(jì)劃。 哦,真可惜!smile on對 加以稱贊,對 青睞,符合句意。 concentrate on 專心于 ,集中精力在 上; see through 看穿,識破; live through 經(jīng)歷過,經(jīng)受住,經(jīng)歷 而幸存。14The computer program of the 1970s was unable to _ between letters and numbers.(2020南通一模,31)A dis
34、criminateB concludeCnegotiateD compensate答案A解析句意為: 20 世紀(jì) 70 年代的電腦程序無法區(qū)分字母和數(shù)字。discriminate 歧視,區(qū)別,辨別;conclude 斷定,結(jié)束;negotiate 協(xié)商,談判;compensate 彌補(bǔ),補(bǔ)償。discriminate betweenletters and numbers 區(qū)分字母和數(shù)字,符合題意,故選A 項(xiàng)。15 He could have put pressure on us to adopt his proposal. Yes,but he didn t _.(2020 蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市一模,
35、25)A make his wayB get his wayCgive his wayD feel his way答案B解析句意為: 他本可以對我們施加壓力來采納他的提議。 是的,但是他并沒有為所欲為。 make one s way 前進(jìn),行進(jìn); get one s way 隨心所欲, 為所欲為; 沒有 give one s way 這種形式,只有 give way to “ 給 讓路,被 所取代 ” ; feel one s way 摸索著前進(jìn)。根據(jù)句意選B 項(xiàng)。16A recent research shows smoking and drinking _ with your body s ability to processoxygen, thus greatly affecting your health.(2020蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市二模,27)A identifyB co
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