2010~2018年四川成都市中考英語(yǔ)真題專題匯編及詳細(xì)答案：閱讀理解

1、閱讀理解一填空題（共1 小題）1 （ 2017?成都）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容，補(bǔ)全表格中所缺信息請(qǐng)將答案按編號(hào)依次填入表格內(nèi)題號(hào)后橫線上Oct.16 is World Food Day The UN started the day in 1979 It's used to remind people not to waste food and fight hunger A big number of people in the world still don't have enough food to eat Food shortage（ 匱乏）is a big proble

2、m worldwide Right now， there are more than 1， 000 million hungry people in the world according to the UN Many children go to sleep hungry ， and 15 million of them die of hunger each yearThere are several reasons why there are food shortages First， there have been more droughts （干旱）and floods recentl

3、y Also ， a growing population makes feeding everyone moredifficult Another big reason is food waste Most people don't realize how much food they throw away every day Sometimes we cook too much ， or we don't use it before it goes bad The average （平均的）person throws away 50 kg of food every yea

4、r According to the UN ， more than onethird of all food produced worldwide goes to waste each year That is over1 ， 300， 000 million kilograms of food being wasted The amount of food wasted in Europe can feed 200 million people ， and the food wasted in Latin America can feed 300 million a year So thin

5、k twice next time you want to throw away food By cutting down on food waste ， we could help put food on the empty plates of some hungry children Only order as much food as you can eat in a restaurant If you can't eat all you order ， take the rest home Don't be too picky about food so that yo

6、u don't leave any on your plate Some food may not taste great， but your body needs it Keep an eye on what food you have at home Don't buy too much Don't cook too muchWhen you throw away food ， you are not just wasting the food itself Resource（s 資源） are also wasted while growing ， transpo

7、rting and cooking the food These things all take energy， timeand water第 1 頁(yè)（共 23 頁(yè)）Title : (1) Introduction on World Food DayThe UN's_ purpose to start this dayTo remind people not to waste food and fight hungerFacts of foodshortage Over 1, 000 million people are hungry each year . 15 million ch

8、ildren die of hunger each year .Reasons forfood shortage more droughts and floods now a growing population foodwasteworldwide(3)theamount of iteach yearThe average person throws away 50 kg of food.XOver1, 300, 000, 000, 000 kg of food is wasted.The food wasted in Europe can feed 200 , 000, 000 peopl

9、e, and the food wasted in LatinAmerica can feed 300 , 000, 000 people.Ways to stop food waste Only order as much as you can eat at a restaurant. Take the rest of food home if you can't eat all you've ordered . Don't be too picky about food . Be sure not to (4) keep or cook more food at h

10、ome than you need .(5)_ wasted resources energy.time waterincluded【解答】1.答案：Introduction .閱讀填空題.根據(jù)第一句Oct.16 is World Food Day . TheUN started the day in 1979 . It's used to remind people not to waste food and fight hunger . 聯(lián)第2頁(yè)(共23頁(yè))合國(guó)于 1979 年將十月十六日定為世界糧食日，這是用來提醒人們不要浪費(fèi)食物和饑餓作斗爭(zhēng)可知，標(biāo)題應(yīng)該是"世界糧食日

11、介紹"，填名詞Introduction 介紹2 答案：purpose 閱讀填空題根據(jù)第一句Oct.16 is World Food Day The UN started theday in 1979 It's used to remind people not to waste food and fight hunger 聯(lián)合國(guó)于1979 年將十月十六日定為世界糧食日，這是用來提醒人們不要浪費(fèi)食物和饑餓作斗爭(zhēng)可知，這里介紹的是聯(lián)合國(guó)成立這個(gè)節(jié)日的"目的",填名詞purpose目的.3 .答案：the amount.閱讀填空題.根據(jù)第四段第二行 The av

12、erage person throws away 50 kg of food 平均每日扔掉50 千克食物及第五段Over 1 ， 300， 000， 000， 000 kg of foodis wasted 超過 1300 億食物被浪費(fèi)可知， 表達(dá)的是每年食物浪費(fèi)的"數(shù)量" 填 the amount數(shù)量4 .答案：keep or cook.閱讀填空題.根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二行最后一句Keep an eye on what foodyou have at home Don't buy too much Don't cook too much 注意你家里的食物，不要買太多

13、，不要煮得太多可知，應(yīng)該是"保存或煮"太多食物，填keep or cook5 答案：wasted resources 閱讀填空題根據(jù)最后一段When you throw away food ， you arenot just wasting the food itself . Resources（資源）are also wasted while growing , transporting and cooking the food . These things all take energy, time and water.當(dāng)你扔掉食物時(shí)，你不 僅浪費(fèi)了食物本身，而且在食物

14、的生長(zhǎng)、運(yùn)輸和烹飪過程中也浪費(fèi)了資源，這些都消耗了能量、時(shí)間和水分可知，介紹的是浪費(fèi)的資源，填wasted resources二閱讀理解（共7 小題）2（ 2018?成都）Today almost everyone has a smart phone So street phone booths are out of dateand seem to be uselessBut cities like Shanghai are trying to bring the old phone booths tolife Shanghai will make changes to 263 phone b

15、ooths in Xuhui District The Library Booth is one of the six new kinds of booths ， offering 60 booths for people to borrow and readAnother kind allows users to listen to audiobooks （ 有聲書） and even record their ownvoicesShanghai is not the only city trying to save the old phone booths London cares abo

16、ut them even more， because the red booths have long been a special scene in London since the 1930s when they were painted all red In recent years London has come up with many ideasto help phone booths stay useful The UK company British Telecom has added screens and 第 3 頁(yè)（共 23 頁(yè)）free WiFi to some boo

17、ths . Users can use them to surf online and search for maps and weather reports. The company also allows people to rent (租)some booths to change them as they want to . Since 2009, more than 1, 500 phone booths have been turned into flower shops , mini cafes, art museums and even shower rooms.In New

18、York City , three phone booths in Time Square are turned into places for immigrant (移民) voices. When visitors pick up the phone , they can listen to oral (口 述) histories of immigration from the newest New Yorkers . They can also open the books inside the booth to know more about the storytellers . O

19、r they can share a part of their own stories if they wish .Brazil made phone booths works of art. Sao Paulo paired 100 artists with 100 phone booths. Some artists painted on the booths, others made them sculptures- one was shaped like a brain and another wore a pair of shoes .Phone booths are findin

20、g creative ways to live on . Will they succeed ? Only time willtell.Condition of old phone booths :Seem uselessReason for being out of date :(2)use of smart phones卜I IIP L mT 11 g ffl HI IIIIa (1) new life of street phone boothsnew uses in Shanghaisix new kindsof booths60 library booths : Users can

21、borrow&readbooks.Audio booths : Users can listen toaudiobooks&record their own voices .various uses in LondonLondon tried(3) harderUsers can search for maps and weather reportsonline& use(4) free WiFi in the booths .thanShanghai to keep the old phone booths(3) useful because the red boot

22、hsare a special scene in thecityPeople renting the booths can turn them into flower shops mini cafes, art museums and so on.special use in NYThree phone booths in Time SquareVisitors can :? listen to oral histories of immigration& readbooks about these immigrants? share their own storiesNew look

23、 in Brazil(5) Each of the 100artistschanged the appearance of one phone boothSome artists painted on the boothsOthers made the booths sculptures.第10頁(yè)（共23頁(yè)）【解答】1. new life ; 考查名詞，根據(jù)語(yǔ)境"But cities like Shanghai are trying to bring theold phone booths to life .但像上海這樣的城市正試圖將舊電話亭帶入生活.故文章說的是street pho

24、ne booths的新生活.”故答案是 new life .2. use; 細(xì)節(jié)理解題； 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境"Today almost everyone has a smart phone booths are out ofdate and seem to be useless.今天幾乎每個(gè)人都有一部智能手機(jī)，電話攤位過時(shí)了，并且 似乎毫無用處.可知人們使用智能機(jī).可得出答案是use.3. harder;考查形容詞，根據(jù)語(yǔ)境 "London cares about them even more ,倫敦更關(guān)心他們，可以理解為倫敦嘗試的更加努力，"故答案是harder.4. u

25、seful; 考查名詞， 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境 "In recent years London has up with many ideas to help phone booths stay useful.近年來，倫敦有很多想法來幫助電話亭保持有用."故答案是useful.5. free WiFi; 考查名詞，根據(jù)語(yǔ)境 "The UK company British Telecom has added screens and free WiFi to some booths 英國(guó)電信公司在一些展廳增加了屏幕和免費(fèi)WiFi ."故答案是 free WiFi .6.

26、Each of; 考查代詞，根據(jù)語(yǔ)境 "Sao Paulo paired 100artists with 100phone booths 圣保 羅100名藝術(shù)家配100個(gè)電話亭，可知每一個(gè)都"故答案是each of.3. （2016?成者B） Humans have five senses： sight, hearing, smell, taste and touch. They collect information for the brain . For example , the eyes collect information on pictures and the

27、 ears collect information on sounds .Sometimes a person loses a sense. Their other senses become better. For example , a blind person has much better senses of hearing and touch.SightThe eyes can only see with light. Light carries the picture of something into the eyes so humans can see it. But do y

28、ou know that the picture is upside down ? The brain has to turn the picture the right way up again .HearingSounds travel through the air like waves （波）.Human ears are like cups. They catch sound waves for the brain and the brain translates them as different sounds .SmellHumans smell with their noses

29、 . Most people can recognize about 10, 000 kinds of smell . This is amazing!Humans each have five million receptor cells （感受名田胞）in their noses . Noses are not only for smelling . They also clean and warm the ail that people breathe in . How does the nose prevent the dirty air from getting into the b

30、ody ? Well, it sneezes （打噴嚏）!TouchThere are receptor cells for the sense of touch all over the body . This is different from the other senses Touch receptor cells are in the lowest part of the skin . They help the body to have all kinds of feelings like pain , cold and heat. Some parts of the body （

31、like the finger） are more sensitive（敏感的）than other parts of the body （like the back） because they have more touch receptor cells.TastePeople can taste food because they have about 10, 000 taste buds(味蕾)on their tongues. Old taste buds die and new ones come out every two weeks. But when people get ol

32、der, this happens less often. That's why old people often complain their food is tasteless . Scientists also find that smokers have fewer taste buds . Do you want food to taste good ? Well, don't smoke! For hundreds of years, people knew the basic tastes were sour, sweet, salty and bitter (苦

33、).In 2002, a fifth taste, umami (delicious taste) joined the list. Now, a study from Purdue University in the US found that fat could actually be the sixth basic taste .To be considered a basic one, a taste needs to beable to active certain receptor cells in the mouths. A study has shown that humans

34、 have fat receptors in the mouths . Not long after that , a scientist made a study to test a second question : can people taste the difference between fat and other tastes?Richard Mattes gave the testers six different kinds of things . Each kind had a taste： sweet, salty, sour, bitter, umami or the

35、newcomer fat. Mattes asked the people to pick out tastes by their differences. This was to test whether or not fat would be picked out from the group . Most of tlie testers could clearly find out the different taste of fatThen how does fat taste ? "It's terrible . "Mattes said . "

36、However , the taste can be pleasant in asmall amount, just as we enjoy the bitterness of chocolate ."senses(111)parts of thebody/collectors/organsfacts about the sensessighteyesPictures of real things are completely different in (112) brain fromthose carried by light into the eyes .hearingearsS

37、ound waves caught by ears must go through a process like (113) _translating so that we can hear different sounds.smellnoseThe fhnctions of nose are smelling , cleaning and warming the air people breathe in. Sneezing is the way to (114) take out the dirty air we breathe in .touch(115)People feel pain

38、 , cold and heat (116)because of the fnction of theskinreceptors. So the more touch receptors we have, the more sensitive we are.tastetongueOld taste buds die and new ones come out every 2 weeks.Losing a certain amount of taste buds (117) causes that the old and the smokers have a bad sense of taste

39、 They can't enjoy tasty food like others.(118)basicsour sweet salty bitter umamitastesone newlyfound tasteA scientific study has proved people have fat receptorsin the mouth . One (119) morestudy shows: people can clearly (120) tellthe taste of fat from other tastes .【解答】111. parts of the body/c

40、ollectors/organs .考查總稱.根據(jù)表格中 eyes, ears, nose, tongue 者B是身體的部分，所以填 parts of the body/collectors/organs .112. brain .考查名詞. 根據(jù)原文 Sight 部分的 Light carries the picture of something into the eyes so humans can see it But do you know that the picture is upside down ? The brain has to turn the picture the r

41、ight way up again .可知由光形成的影像和人腦中的影像是不同的.故 填 brain.113. translating .考查動(dòng)詞.根據(jù)原文 Hearing 部分的"They catch sound waves for the brain and the brain translates them as different sounds ."可知它們抓住聲波并對(duì)大腦將它們轉(zhuǎn)化為 不同的聲音.故填 translating .114. take out.考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ).根據(jù)原文 Smell 部分的 How does the nose prevent the dirt

42、y air from getting into the body ? Well, it sneezes (打噴嚏)！可知打噴嚏可以清除吸入的不干 凈的空氣.故填 take out.115. skin .考查名詞.根據(jù) Touch 部分的 Touch receptor cells are in the lowest part of the skin. They help the body to have all kinds of feelings like pain , cold and heat., 可知觸摸感受器細(xì)胞在皮膚的最低點(diǎn)，它們幫助身體有各種各樣的感覺，像疼痛、寒冷和熱故填skin1

43、16. because of.考查介詞短語(yǔ).根據(jù) Touch receptor cells are in the lowest part of the skin. They help the body to have all kinds of feelings like pain , cold and heat. 可知觸摸感 受器細(xì)胞在皮膚的最低點(diǎn)，因?yàn)樗鼈儙椭眢w有各種各樣的感覺，像疼痛、 寒冷和熱前后兩句為因果關(guān)系，because of為介詞短語(yǔ)，后面接名詞或者代詞.故填because of.117. causes.考查動(dòng)詞.根據(jù)原文 Old taste buds die and new

44、ones come out every two weeks But when people get older， this happens less often That's why old people often complain their food is tasteless 說明味蕾的減少會(huì)導(dǎo)致老人嘗不出味道故填cuases118. basic tastes 考查名詞根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第四段的For hundreds of years， people knew thebasic tastes were sour， sweet， salty and bitter （苦） 可知，酸甜苦辣

45、是基本的味道故填basic tastes119. more 考查副詞根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段的A study has shown that humans have fat receptorsin the mouths Not long after that ， a scientist made a study to test a second question： can people taste the difference between fat and other tastes ？推斷出另一個(gè)更多的研究證明人們可以區(qū) 分出脂肪故填more120. tell.考查動(dòng)詞.根據(jù)原文倒數(shù)第二段的This w

46、as to test whether or not fat would bepicked out from the group Most of the testers could clearly find out the different taste of fat.得知這是為了測(cè)試是否將挑出脂肪，大部分的測(cè)試人員可以清楚地找出不同味道的 脂肪，應(yīng)填tell4 （ 2015?成都）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容，補(bǔ)全表格中所缺信息請(qǐng)將答案按編號(hào)依次填入表格內(nèi)的題號(hào)后橫線上Have you ever noticed that you seem to learn faster in certain cl

47、asses but slowly in others ？ Maybe you think it's because of the different difficulties of subjects ， but the real reason is that our learning types are different Now， you may wonder what a learning type is and how to find yours There are mainly three different learning types ： Visual ， Auditory

48、 and Kinesthetic You can be a combination （混合）of learning types ， but most people have one main type Visuallearners learn best by seeing If you seem to easily remember information from pictures ， charts and videos， you are likely a visual learner Auditory learners learn best by hearing If you seem 第

49、 10 頁(yè)（共 23 頁(yè)）to remember things by hearing them , then you are likely an auditory learner .Kinesthetic learners learn best by doing . If you seem to learn best by working with your hands or testing out what you are shown , you are likely a kinesthetic learner .So now that you know your personal lear

50、ning style , the trick is to find out how to use your new found knowledge to help you in your classes .Tips for Visual Learners*Pay attention!For visual learners , this is very important!If your teacher uses a PowerPoint , watch the pictures carefully and find out what they might include and their h

51、idden meanings .*Take notes by drawing charts and connecting ideas instead of just copyingdown a list. This way , your brain will easily connect the different concepts （概念）.You can even draw pictures if you find that works better for you .*Mark your notes or your note cards in different colors . Thi

52、s will help yourbrain in keeping all of the information separate . Different colors show different types ofinformation or importance .*Download the PowerPoint if your teacher puts it on QQ . This way , you can review them before an exam .Tips for Auditory Learners*Again , pay attention!If you aren&#

53、39;t listening while the lecture is happening , then as an auditory learner, you're missing the easiest way for you to learn .*If your teacher allows you to record the lecture , record it for futurelistening .*If you find that talking notes stops you from listening , ask a friend if you can borr

54、ow his or her notes or write down everything you remember right after the lesson .Tips for Kinesthetic Learners*Again , pay attention!If you aren't listening while the lecture is happening , then as an auditory learner, you're missing the easiest way for you to learn .*If your teacher allows

55、 you to record the lecture , record it for futurelistening .*If you find that talking notes stops you from listening , ask a friend if you can borrow his or her notes or write down everything you remember right after the lesson .*The first point is paying attention once again!For kinesthetic learner

56、s , it's especially important to take notes either by writing or typing , in order to actively get information as you receive it .*Make use of laboratories and other class activities . Focus on what you'relearning from the experience and pay close attention to the process that you go through

57、 .*Visualize!That is to imagine yourself picking up information and putting itin to a category (類另U) . This may sound silly , but in this way you're"doing"somethingwithout actually physically doing it .*Rewrite notes and reread information . Try to translate the information intoexample

58、s. This can help kinesthetic learners remember what they need to know .The writer's writing purpose : (1)To tell the readers to know their personal learning stylesand how to use the knowledge to help in their classes(2) learningtypes(3)waysadviceVisuallearn best by seeingIn class： If your teacher uses a PowerPoint, watch the pictures carefully and try to (4) understand them completely . Draw charts or pictures on