廣東自考《高級英語》課程考試大綱

1、廣東省高等教育自學考試高級英語（一）課程（課程代碼：07374）考試大綱目 錄I 課程性質與設置目的II課程內容和考核目標第一單元 HIT THE NAIL ON THE HEAD一、學習目的與要求二、課程內容三、考核知識點四、考核要求第二單元 BEWARE THE DIRTY SEAS一、學習目的與要求二、課程內容三、考核知識點四、考核要求第三單元 MY FRIEND, ALBERT EINSTEIN一、學習目的與要求二、課程內容三、考核知識點四、考核要求第四單元 THE INVISIBLE POOR一、學習目的與要求二、課程內容三、考核知識點四、考核要求第五單元 TV AND THE AM

2、ERICAN FAMILY一、學習目的與要求二、課程內容三、考核知識點四、考核要求第六單元 PREPARING FOR COLLEGE一、學習目的與要求二、課程內容三、考核知識點四、考核要求第七單元 GROUPING THE GIFTED：PRO一、學習目的與要求二、課程內容三、考核知識點四、考核要求第八單元 WHY NOTHING WORKS一、學習目的與要求二、課程內容三、考核知識點四、考核要求第九單元 WHERE IS THE NEWS LEADING US？一、學習目的與要求二、課程內容三、考核知識點四、考核要求第十單元 THINGS：THE THROW-AWAY SOCIETY一、學

3、習目的與要求二、課程內容三、考核知識點四、考核要求第十一單元 CULTIVATING A HOBBY一、學習目的與要求二、課程內容三、考核知識點四、考核要求第十二單元 THE ROLE OF CUSTOM一、學習目的與要求二、課程內容三、考核知識點四、考核要求第十三單元 WHAT LIFE MEANS TO ME (1)一、學習目的與要求二、課程內容三、考核知識點四、考核要求第十四單元 WHAT LIFE MEANS TO ME (2)一、學習目的與要求二、課程內容三、考核知識點四、考核要求第十五單元 I HAVE A DREAM一、學習目的與要求二、課程內容三、考核知識點四、考核要求 有關說

4、明與實施要求附錄：題型舉例I 課程性質與設置目的本課程是高等教育自學考試英語教育（本科）考試計劃中高級階段的精讀課程，為核心必考課程。該課程是為完成基礎階段學習之后的英語專業(yè)學生進一步提高英語語言技能而設置。設置本課程的目的可以歸納為如下幾方面：1 引導學生注意吸收語言材料、擴大文化知識，特別是有關英美的文化知識。2 通過對文章的思想內容、篇章結構、語言技巧的分析，提高學生用英文表述對文章的理解、分析及評述的能力。3 繼續(xù)強化語言基本功，努力發(fā)展學生綜合運用英語的能力。 II 課程內容與考核目標（考核知識、考核要求）第1單元 HIT THE NAIL ON THE HEAD一、學習目的與要求T

5、o grasp: 1. the importance of choosing the right word for ones purpose; 2. the double function of the correct choice of words; 3. semantic differences between words of the same root; 4. wrong choice of words caused by failure to recognize their connotations; 5. stylistic differences between synonyms

6、; 6. words of uniquely cultural load; 7. analogy. 二、課程內容：Hit the Nail on the HeadI. The purpose and the organization of the text:1. The passage begins with an analogy to illustrate the similarities between how to drive a nail home and how to use exact English words. In this way the author dramatizes

7、 the importance of choosing the right word for ones purpose; 2. Paragraphs 2-4 are devoted to the double function of the correct choice of words;3. Paragraphs 5-8 are devoted to semantic differences between words of the same root;4. Paragraph 9 is devoted to wrong choice of words caused by failure t

8、o recognize their connotations;5. Paragraph 10 is devoted to stylistic differences between synonyms;6. Paragraph 11 is devoted to words of uniquely cultural load;7. Paragraph 12 is devoted to the abundance of specific words in English for general notions;8. The passage ends with an emphasis on quali

9、ty rather than quantity in the mastery of words. II. Difficult points:1. How to understand the use of analogy; 2. How to associate the end-weight principle with the understanding of the authors purpose.三、考核知識點：1. words and phrases of this unit; 2. the importance of choosing the right word for ones p

10、urpose; 3. semantic differences between words; 4. the abundance of specific words in English for general notions. 四、考核要求： (一) 識記 能夠準確地用英語對本課的重點詞匯、短語或短句進行解釋與表述，例如：1. Hit the nail on the head: to be exactly right (in saying something); 2. drive home the nail: drive the nail into the wood precisely; 3.

11、 deft blow: effortlessly skillful blows; 4. hit the nail on the head: hitting it accurately on the head; 5. so with language: This is also true with language; 6. scrupulous: painstaking; 7. we shall be rewarded by the satisfaction: we shall be satisfied if we can find the right words; 8. bad carpent

12、ry of language: poor mastery of language; 9. rife: common; widespread (of bad things); 10. malapopism: wrong use of a word sounding like the correct one; 11. as if the meaning were held against its will: as if the meaning of the word imprisoned used by the journalist here in the sentence were agains

13、t its original meaning; 12. to be alive to: to be sensitive to; 13. to disprove: to refute. 能夠準確地對本課Language Work（練習冊）中詞匯或短語辨析部分進行判斷與選擇，例如：1. A clumsy (heavy, stupid, unskillful) workman is likely to find fault with his tools. 2. As John was a deft (skilful, clever, ready) mechanic, he was hired by

14、the joint-venture in no time.（二）領會 能夠對本課難句進行轉寫，能分析不同句子型式間的內在關系，句子轉寫后其語義不變。 例如：1. Choosing words is a part of the process of realization, of defining our thoughts andfeelings for ourselves, as well as for those who hear or read our words.可轉寫為：To define our thoughts and feelings for ourselves as well

15、as for those whohear or read our words, we choose our words carefully, which is a part of the process of realization.2. It is hard work choosing the right words, but we shall be rewarded by the satisfactionthat finding them brings.可轉寫為：We shall be rewarded for our hard work in choosing right words w

16、hen we feelsatisfied after finding them.（三）簡單應用 能夠運用所學的語法知識與語用知識分析問題，完成完形填空與改錯等任務。完形填空任務例如：Above all we should try to c_ an interest in words. They are the most f_ things. The study of words, of their origins and shifting meanings, can tell us a great deal a_ human life and thought. Compare English

17、words w_ words in your own language. Can you translate the English word club, for example, i_ your own language? The French couldnt, and so they took over the English word, but they pronounce it d_. Can you find an exact English e_ for chic (French), weltanschauung (German), ahimsa (Hindi), safari (

18、Swahili)?（四）綜合應用能夠靈活運用所學的語言語法知識與文化知識分析和解決問題，完成閱讀理解與段落劃線部分翻譯等任務。1) 閱讀理解側重的是對文章的思想內容、篇章結構的分析與理解以及對語言的綜合運用。2）段落翻譯側重語言的綜合運用，翻譯時要求語言使用準確、語句通順流暢、意義完整。本課重點學習內容例如：(1)英語中有大量的詞匯，是一門十分靈活的語言，陳述事物有很多種方法,但即使是意義接近的詞語之間也有不同程度的微妙差別。作為學生，對于這些差別必須了如指掌。通過使用字典，最重要的是通過閱讀，他可以增強對這些細微差別的判斷力，提高準確表達自己思想的能力。(2) 你曾見過一個笨手笨腳的人把釘子

19、釘進箱子里嗎？他先把釘子敲到一邊，然后又敲到另一邊，可能把它完全敲彎了，結果釘子只釘進了一半。但是一個靈巧的木工每次都能準確的敲到釘頭上，只需熟練有力的幾下，就能把釘子釘進去。語言也是這樣，好的語言工匠會選擇能確切表達意思的詞。一個力求文字精練明晰的作家是不會滿足于含糊的字眼，不嚴密的詞語，模棱兩可的表述和含混的形容詞的。他會盡力每一次都找到完全符合他要求的詞。第2單元 BEWARE THE DIRTY SEAS一、學習目的與要求To grasp: 1. the thesis statement: the Mediterranean is the most polluted sea in th

20、e world; 2. the causes and consequences of the pollution in general; 3. cause-effect. 二、課程內容：Beware the Dirty SeasI. The organization of the text: 1. Paras.1-4 introduce the topic. Para.1 is devoted to the thesis statement: The Mediterranean is the most polluted sea in the world. Paras.2-4 are devot

21、ed to the causes and consequences of the pollution in general.2. Paras.5-10 are devoted to the first main cause-sewage. Paras.5-7 are devoted to the improper treatment of sewage by many Mediterranean countries. Paras.8-10 are devoted to the consequences, such as contamination of sea water and fish;

22、greater likelihood of disease.3. Paras.11-13 are devoted to the second main causeindustries, such as untreated wastes emitted from factories along the coast and from factories located far inland.4. Paras.14 and 15 are devoted to other causes of pollution, such as pesticides, detergents, fertilizers

23、and oil.5. Paras.16-20 are devoted to factors that lead to the severity of the case, such as narrow and shallow outlet of the Strait of Gibraltar, weak coastal currents and feeble tides, long-standing practice of dumping wastes into the sea, and multiplication of pollution and increasing number of t

24、ourists.6. Paras.21 and 22 are devoted to the conclusion: efforts made to solve the problem. II. Key points for comprehension:1. The association of the evolution of the Mediterranean culture with the development of the western civilization;2. The significance of discussing the pollution of the Medit

25、erranean.三、考核知識點：1. words and phrases of this unit;2. the thesis statement: The Mediterranean is the most polluted sea in the world;3. the causes and consequences of the pollution in general;4. cause-effect.四、考核要求（一）識記 能夠準確地用英語對本課的重點詞匯、短語或短句進行解釋與表述，例如：1. nurtured: care for;2. fall victim to: suffere

26、d because of;3. the abilities and attitudes that evolved around it: the bad pollution caused by the industry that developed gradually and the ignorance of environmental protection that developed among the people around the sea;4. stifle: stop from breathing properly;5. lurks: exists unseen;6. foul:

27、make dirty and smelly;7. effluents: waste liquid;8. landlocked: enclosed by land;9. cleanse: made clean and pure;10. remorseless: merciless; 能夠準確地對本課Language Work（練習冊）中詞匯或短語辨析部分進行判斷與選擇，例如：1. When the wind died down, the sailboat drifted toward the beach.a. headed b. floated c. hurried d. returned2.

28、The roof of the house was practically failing in and the front steps were rotting away. a. virtually b. essentially c. always d. basically 3. The plans for the new office and building were _ a few weeks ago. a. drawn to b. drawn out c. drawn up d. drawn in（二）領會 能夠對本課難句進行轉寫，能分析不同句子型式間的內在關系，句子轉寫后其語義不變

29、。 例如：1. The result is that the Mediterranean, which nurtured so many civilizations, is gravely ill-the first of the seas to fall victim to the abilities and attitudes that evolved around it.可轉寫為：Having nurtured so many civilizations, the Mediterranean, as a result, is gravely ill and becomes the fir

30、st of the seas to fall victim to the abilities and attitudes that evolved around it.2. But it will be a long time before the measures they approved take effect in cleaning up the sea. 可轉寫為：A long time will be needed for the measures they approved to take effect in cleaning up the sea.（三）簡單應用 能夠運用所學的

31、語法知識與語用知識分析問題，完成完形填空與改錯等任務。完形填空任務例如：Typhoid, paratyphoid, dysentery, polio, viral hepatitis and food poisoning are e_ in the area, and there are periodic o_ of cholera. The mournful litany of disease is c_ by sewage. Eighty-five per cent of the waste from the Mediterraneans 120 c_ cities is pushed i

32、nto the waters w_ their people and visitors bathe and fish. What is more, most cities just drop it in straight o_ the beach; rare indeed are the places like Cannes and Tel Aviv w_ pipe it even half a mile offshore.Less than 100,000 of Greeces four million coastal people have their s_ properly treate

33、d and Greece, as our map shows, is one of the cleaner c_ of the northern shore.（四）綜合應用能夠靈活運用所學的語言語法知識與文化知識分析和解決問題，完成閱讀理解與段落劃線部分翻譯等任務。1) 閱讀理解側重的是對文章的思想內容、篇章結構的分析與理解以及對語言的綜合運用。2）段落翻譯側重語言的綜合運用，翻譯時要求語言使用準確、語句通順流暢、意義完整。本課重點學習內容例如：（1）每年有上億的游客被吸引到地中海度假，這個占世界旅游業(yè)貿易額三分之一的度假勝地最受人們的歡迎，但同時其遭受的污染也是最為嚴重的。（2）地中海只占全

34、球海洋面積的百分之一，但其表面卻漂浮著覆蓋全球洋面的半數(shù)以上的石油和柏油。成千上萬的工廠把有毒物質傾倒進地中海，沿岸的幾乎每個城鎮(zhèn)和村莊都開閘向地中海排放未經(jīng)處理的污水。第3單元 MY FRIEND, ALBERT EINSTEIN一、學習目的與要求To grasp: 1. the chief personalities of man;2. Einsteins chief personalities: modesty, simplicity, etc;3. description developed by examples.二、課程內容：My Friend, Albert EinsteinI.

35、 Key points for discussion:1. In Hoffmanns opinion “simplicity” is the best word to describe the essence of Einsteins character. The abstract notion of simplicity is explained by a phrase in the first paragraph. Which is it?2. From the two anecdotes related in paras.2-4, what impression of Einstein

36、have you got?3. What, according to the author, is Einsteins most outstanding trait as a scientist?4. Why did Einstein insist on working hard when he was so badly shaken by his wifes death?5. How do you interpret the sentence in para.11: “To help him, I steered the discussion away from routine matter

37、s into more difficult theoretical problems?6. What revelation is made through Einsteins comment on Beethoven and Mozarts works? II. Difficult sentences for paraphrasing 1. This knack for going instinctively to the heart of a matter was the secret of his major scientific discoveriesthis and his extra

38、ordinary feeling for beauty; (para.1) 2. The intensity and depth of his concentration were fantastic. When battling a recalcitrant problem, he worried it as an animal worries its prey; (para.9) 3. A dreamy, faraway and yet inward look would come over his face. There was no appearance of concentratio

39、n, no furrowing of the browonly a placid inner communion; (para.10) 4. Each of these assumptions, by itself, was so plausible as to seem primitively obvious. But together they were in such violent conflict that a lesser man would have dropped one or the other and fled in panic. (para.14)三、考核知識點：1. w

40、ords and phrases of this unit;2. the chief personalities of man;3. Einsteins chief personalities: modesty, simplicity, etc;4. description developed by examples.四、考核要求（一）識記 能夠準確地用英語對本課的重點詞匯、短語或短句進行解釋與表述，例如：1. knack: talent;2. as to: as for;3. plead with: continually request;4. was in awe of: had a fe

41、eling of respect mixed with fear and wonder for;5. approaching him: speaking to him (for the first time);6. working on: conceiving;7. inflection: tone;8. awry: turned towards one side;9. endearing request: request that inspires affection and love from others;10. vestiges: visible traces;11. infant p

42、rodigy: child with exceptional talents;12. dullard: mentally dull or stupid person;13. abreast of: side by side with;14. masterwork: masterpiece;15. worked out: produced;16. worried it as an animal worries its prey: never gave it up as an animal chases and bites its prey;17. quaint: strange;18. twir

43、ling a lock of: twisting and winding a lock of. 能夠準確地對本課Language Work（練習冊）中詞匯或短語辨析部分進行判斷與選擇，例如：1. I hope to obtain your forgiveness, to _ your ill opinion. a. lessen b. reduce c. decrease d. diminish2. The number of nations allied with Germany _ as the war continued. a. dropped b. decreased c. reduc

44、ed d. diminished（二）領會 能夠對本課難句進行轉寫，能分析不同句子型式間的內在關系，句子轉寫后其語義不變。 例如：1. If I had to convey the essence of Albert Einstein in a single word, I would choose simplicity. 可轉寫為：Simplicity would be the right choice if I had to convey the essence of Albert Einstein in a single word.2. From that innocent questi

45、on would arise, ten years later, his theory of relativity. 可轉寫為：That innocent question would be the cause of his theory of relativity ten years later.（三）簡單應用 能夠運用所學的語法知識與語用知識分析問題，完成完形填空與改錯等任務。完形填空任務例如：Einstein f_ his entrance examinations at the Swiss Federal Polytechnic School, in Zurich, but was a

46、_ a year later. There he went beyond his regular w_ to study the masterwork of physics o_ his own. Rejected when he a_ for academic positions, he ultimately found work, in 1902, a _ a patent examiner in Berne, and there in 1905 his genius b _ into fabulous flower.（四）綜合應用能夠靈活運用所學的語言語法知識與文化知識分析和解決問題，完

47、成閱讀理解與段落翻譯等任務。1) 閱讀理解側重的是對文章的思想內容、篇章結構的分析與理解以及對語言的綜合運用。2）段落翻譯側重語言的綜合運用，翻譯時要求語言使用準確、語句通順流暢、意義完整。本課重點學習內容例如：（）接二連三發(fā)生的政治事件使他已經(jīng)失去平靜的生活雪上加霜。納粹在德國上臺執(zhí)政后，他的理論被官方宣布是錯誤的，僅因為這些理論是由一個猶太人所提出的。他的財產(chǎn)被充公，據(jù)說還有人出錢收買他的人頭。（）當美國的科學家擔心納粹分子會研制出原子彈，試圖提醒美國當局要提防潛在的危險時，當局卻幾乎不予理會。絕望之余，他們起草了一封信，讓愛恩斯坦簽名，然后直接寄給羅斯?？偨y(tǒng)。第4單元 THE INVIS

48、IBLE POOR一、學習目的與要求To grasp: 1. the organization of the text; 2. the use of transitional words and phrases.二、課程內容：The Invisible PoorI. Key points for discussion:1. How do you account for Harringtons use in para.2 of the first person singular, which is not found anywhere else in the passage?2. What, a

49、ccording to Harrington, has rendered poverty less visible in rural Amercia?3. How has urban development contributed to the reduced awareness of the existence of the poor?4. What have mass-production and age to do with the invisibility of poverty?5. How do you understand the statement “the poor are p

50、olitically invisible”?6. The passage is an extract from a book written in the early 1960s. Do you think things have improved since then? II. Difficult sentences for paraphrasing1. Beauty and myths are perennial masks of poverty; (para.5)2. This new segregation of poverty is compounded by a well-mean

51、ing ignorance. (para.10)三、考核知識點：1. words and phrases of this unit;2. the organization of the text;3. the use of transitional words and phrases.四、考核要求：（一）識記 能夠準確地用英語對本課的重點詞匯、短語或短句進行解釋與表述，例如：1. the invisible poor: the ignored poor;2. perennial reasons: long lasting;3. beaten track: main high way;4. tu

52、rnpikes: motorways;5. rutted roads: deep narrow tracked roads;6. run-down: dilapidated;7. exempt from: free from;8. quaint inhabitants; 9. across the track: Across the tracks to the poor place;10. hovel: dirty places to live in;11. This process has been magnified with the poor throughout the country

53、: The process of the existence of social classes becoming difficult to discern has been exaggerated considering the poor throughout the country; 12. stylishly: fashionably; 13. lurid: shocking; 14. dispossessed: the poor (who are deprived of possessions); 15. reservoir: extra supply. 能夠準確地對本課Languag

54、e Work（練習冊）中詞匯或短語辨析部分進行判斷與選擇，例如：1. Although the main speaker was almost _ we were quiet throughout the ceremony. a. audible b. inaudible c. unaudible d. disaudible 2. I thought it was very rude of her to give such an _ talk. a. modest b. immodest c. unmodest d. modestless （說明：此處的和選項是有意為之，不是錯誤，主要考學生對

55、詞匯否定的構成是否掌握）（二）領會 能夠對本課難句進行轉寫，能分析不同句子型式間的內在關系，句子轉寫后其語義不變。 例如：1. It is one of the cruelest ironies of social life in advanced countries that the dispossessed at the bottom of society are unable to speak for themselves.可轉寫為：The dispossessed at the bottom of society are deprived of their right to speak

56、 for themselves, which is one of the cruelest ironies of social life.2. It is not a matter of planning, though it almost seems as if the affluent society had given out costumes to the poor so that they would not offend the rest of society with the sight of rags. 可轉寫為：The affluent society almost seems to have given out costumes to the poor so that they would not offend the rest of society with the si