2015年2月托福真題回憶及解析

1、2015 年 2 月托福真題回憶及解析【導語】執(zhí)起“奮斗”的筆，過去的夢想未完待續(xù); 揚起“堅持”的帆，繼續(xù)追尋夢想的航船; 高舉“努力”的旗，相信明天的更加美麗，朋友，鼓足勁繼續(xù)為夢想奮斗吧，加油!下面是無憂考網(wǎng)小編為你整理的 2015年 2月托福部分真題，希望可以幫到你！ 2015年 2月 托福在 1 日舉行了一場考試 2 月 1 日托福獨立口語真題回憶：Task 1: Which of the following is the most effective way of learning: studying from textbooks, having discussion with a

2、 group or reading articles written by others. Please use specific reasons to support your idea.今天的考題同樣是三選一，重復北美 2013 年 10 月 5 日的考題關(guān)于學習方式或 者方 法的話題是高頻考題。 TPO 中多次出現(xiàn)，如獨立完成作業(yè) / 跟其他人一起寫 作業(yè) （TPCX3 ）, 網(wǎng)絡學習 /傳統(tǒng)教室學習（ TPOf7 ）, 上網(wǎng)查資料 /查書（ TPOI3 ）, 研究報告 / 演講/小組項目哪個對學生最有益（ TPO28 ）, 人多的地方 /人少的地方 學習（ TPO29 ）。 去年 14

3、 年的考題也考過多次，如有問題是問老師 /問同學，上課記筆記 / 聽老師講（重 復兩次，雖然題目看似比較多，但是如果大家注意靈活 變通，很多題目的答案其實都可/聽以依葫蘆畫瓢，稍加變換就可以用在相關(guān)其它的 題目中。例如上述 TP03 , 選擇跟其他 人一起寫作業(yè)，理由是可以討論，遇到問題可以立即解決，問題不會積累；還可以說學 習其他人的想法，用多種方法來解 決問題，擴展思路；還可以說人多學習氣氛好，效率 高。完全相同的內(nèi)容可以套 用在傳統(tǒng)教室學習，小組項目，人多的地方學習等題目上， 當然對于今天的題目 也同樣適用。再舉一個例子， 14 年還考到了這樣兩道題道題：談 一談你跟其他 人不一樣的學習

4、方法，你想學習的一個人，其實可以套用上課記筆記 老師講 這題的答案： My friend usually pays more attention to what the teacher says during the class and takes notes after the class according to his own understanding. I think this is a very effective way of study because he can get a better grasp of the class and it improves his abil

5、ity to summarize information. This is something I can learn from. However, most of my classmates prefer to spend long time trying to take every single detail down on their notebook but end up not understanding the class quite well.其實托福口語的備考并沒有想象的困難與其在臨考前把時間花在所謂的機經(jīng)押寶上，還不 如平日里加強對于高頻話題的熟練度和大量的口頭練習來的實際，

6、這樣不管題目如何變化 都可以靈活應對。以下是今天考題的 sample answerI think having a discussion with a group is the most effective way of study compared with the other two because it is more of an active way to study.When I contribute my thoughts, I am also able to learn from different peopled ideas and opinions in a short ti

7、me, which sometimes can offer me a new perspective and broaden my horizon. For example, I joined a group discussion on gene-modified products last week. After the discussion, I learned a lot' t realize before. I think Ifrom other team members about the potential threat of consuming gene-modified

8、 produce for long time, something I didn benefited more from actively getting involved in a discussion than just simply reading the textbooks or other peopled articles.這個答案雖然只講了一個點，但是采用是 reasoning+example 的經(jīng)典模式，末尾 加入 了一句對比補充了一點內(nèi)容，也可以使答案更切題。Task2 Do you agree or disagree that people should wear cloth

9、es according to fashion?重復北美 2012 年 6 月 8 日考題。從目前的形式來看，接下來的考試依然還是會重復12 14 年的舊題。當然對于這種題目同意反對均可，只要言之有理即可。 以下是該題的 sample answer.I definitely think that people should not follow the fashion. First of all,Fashion always changes. So if people follow fashion closely, the clothes they bought will go out dat

10、e very quickly and they will always want to spend money buying new clothes, especially for girls, which is a vicious cycle for sure.Take mv cousin as an example. She is so obsessed with the fashion magazines and usually buys zillions of clothes from overseas every season, but she doesn' t even t

11、ake a look at them the next year. This is really crazy and a total waste of money and time. And also, fashionable clothes are not necessarily suitable for everyone. If people follow fashion blindly, the clothes will just look tacky on them and people will lose their own identity.理由不要這個答案講了兩個點，重點講了第一

12、點并舉例，第二點只是作為補充在考場上， 貪多，能把一個觀點講清楚足矣，關(guān)鍵仍然在于細節(jié)和表達的流暢度。2 月 1 曰托福作文真題回憶：Do you agree or disagree: Movies and television have more negative than positive effects on young people behave.解析：這道題目是一道對比類的題目，這種題目在考試中占有很大的比例，也希望各位 考生在今后的備考中多多注意這類題型。兩者對比類的題目在尋找思路時，一般從利弊角度來考慮，選擇 a 的話，尋找 a 的好 處，或者 b 的弊端，這道題目其實更簡單化了

13、，本身的題目就是在問電視、電影的正 面和負面影響 f 所以解題角度并不難。同意和不同意都可以寫，比如同意電視的負面影響更大，我們可以寫電視的暴力內(nèi)容對年 輕人的影響，長時間看電視對年輕人的健康、學習、交流能力的影響，等等都可以來寫。 如果不同意，認為電視的正面影響更多，我們就可以圍繞電視的兩大功能educate &entertain 來寫。面是一篇文章，供各位考生參考。The fact that many teenagers love to watch television has become a huge concern for parents and educators. Alt

14、hough some people claim that televisions actually can be conducive to young people, serving as a reliable source of information as well as a main approach to reduce stress, I believe that the negative effects outweigh its benefits.First of all, television can expose teenagers to violence and intense

15、 images that can be detrimental to their emotional well-being. The increasing scenes of violence and pornography inevitably cause imitation among teenagers.Since they were in that particular stage of life, anything they are exposed to would generate serious impact in their mind. Not realizing the se

16、vere consequences of the aggressive behavior could generate, kids, especially young ones, may play kicking, punching and slapping for fun, but end up with doing this as a habit, thus gradually becoming annoying and not welcomed by others. Children are vulnerable and their minds absorb so much, so ex

17、posing them to violence, bad language or nudity can really damage them in the future. According to a recent survey conducted by Chinese AdolescentDelinquency Association, after polling hundreds of young criminals aged 12 to l8, most respondents claimed that they copied violent behavior learnt from t

18、elevision shows or movies. Thus to some extent, the media is responsible for some problematic teenagers* behavior.Additionally, television can also affects young people* s physical and mental health. Since the invention of television in 1926, television has brought billions of minutes of programming

19、 to living rooms all over theworld, and it' s almost too easy to be a couch potato for hours with the amount of television available today. Sitting in front of television, staring on the screen for like 6 hours straight, with their mouth being stuffed with snack, can definitely lead to a poor si

20、ght, sore shoulders, stiff neck and obesity. As seen from a report issued by EducationalAssociation, the number of students in middle school wearing glasses has shot up to 56%, 3 times higher than a decade ago. Also, television functioning as a main source of entertainment like a magnet, draws upon

21、people's attention, young people in particular, hence hugely reducing their outdoor activities. Though watching Ellen Show can let those teenagers have a good laugh and relax, even tearing up bits, it shows that after all 8 hours school study, watching entertaining programs does little positive

22、impact on health. Physical activities, like bike riding, which is helping the respiratory system and make the skeleton stronger and improve coordination, should be something that young people to do for the sake of maintaining healthy.Lastly, the trend that young people alienate themselves from commu

23、nicating with their family members should also be attributed to the popularity of television.Thus, gradually, the family relationship can be negatively affected. Though some people may claim that watching TV can be an activity that most families of today use to bond with each other, actually a typic

24、al scene in modern family is that 7 fifth grade boy looking at Super Spider in his room after school locked in the room, totally into this movie, without even noticing the knock from his mom on the door. What is more, they probably will have problems in interacting with others as they grow up, since

25、 TV time take up the activities that they are supposed to hang out with friends. So, in this respect, young people can behave more introverted.In a nu tshell, watch ing televisio n and movies can exert n egative effects on youth ' s emoti onal deve lopment, health and com muni cat ing ability.2月

26、1日托福大陸閱讀真題回憶:第一篇： The Rise and the Fall of Chaco Phenomenon考生回憶：大約了建造，然后在collective work11世紀的時候，在某個 canyon出現(xiàn)了大量的13世紀的時候被遺棄了。建造這種。它所在的位置如今是很干很惡劣的地方，于是housegreat houses ，后來停止很費木材和人力，需要17世紀的人們推測這個地方是從前是個綠洲，不然的話人們是不會過來蓋房子的。后來因為過度砍伐導致生態(tài)環(huán) 境嚴重惡化所以被遺棄。后來在19世紀的時候，人們又有新的證據(jù)證明此處其實從來沒houses 處在一有過森林，所以樹木一定是從遠處運輸過

27、來，同時建筑學家研究發(fā)現(xiàn)這些個網(wǎng)狀結(jié)構(gòu)的中心，可能是一個regio nal ce nter，同時周圍有居民的房子，又發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些遺跡和遺留的器皿，所以推斷這些house是一個非常重要的labor community ，同時又很重要的宗教用途。地質(zhì)學研究發(fā)現(xiàn)在那段時間大量的水資源存在于那個地方，宗教用途 的推斷受到質(zhì)疑。研究者認為可能是因為這個地方很適宜發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)，所以人們才遷移過 來。機經(jīng)詞匯:signifyin dicateceasesto pdis persescatterfun ctio npurp oseponderthink aboutfun dame ntalbasicman date

28、requirepromoteen courageallegesupposecon troversialDebatableneon clusivenot decisiveelaboratewell deve lop第一篇： The Rise and the Fall of Chaco Phenomenon后來?？忌貞洠捍蠹s11世紀的時候，在某個 canyon出現(xiàn)了大量的great houses , 止了建造，然后在13世紀的時候被遺棄了。建造這種house很費木材和人力，需要collectivework。它所在的位置如今是很干很惡劣的地方，于是17世紀的人們推測這個地方是從前是個綠洲，不然的話

29、人們是不會過來蓋房子的。后來因為過度砍伐導致生態(tài)環(huán)境嚴重惡化所以被遺棄。后來在19世紀的時候，人們又有新的證據(jù)證明此處其實從來沒有過森林，所以樹木一定是從遠處運輸過來，同時建筑學家研究發(fā)現(xiàn)這些houses處在一個網(wǎng)狀結(jié)構(gòu)的中心，可能是 regio nal ce nter,同時周圍有居民的房子，又發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些遺跡和遺留的器皿，所以推斷這些house是一個非常重要的labor community ,同時又很重要的宗教用途。地質(zhì)學研究發(fā)現(xiàn)在那段時間大量的水資源存在于那個地方，宗教用途的推斷受 到質(zhì)疑。研究者認為可能是因為這個地方很適宜發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)，所以人們才遷移過來。解析：本文圍繞 Chaco P he

30、no me non的興衰這個現(xiàn)象的原因展開論證，屬于主要討論M現(xiàn)象-因果”的歷史類文章。文章按照時間發(fā)展的順序先后探討好幾種理論，以及支持這些理論的科學證據(jù)。一般而言，先出現(xiàn)的理論會被推翻，必須注意這些理論被推翻的理由，在 提出理由之前往往在文章中會出現(xiàn)明顯的轉(zhuǎn)折詞，這轉(zhuǎn)折之后的內(nèi)容是托?？碱}的高頻考 點。此外，做題時需注意記錄筆記，對于結(jié)構(gòu)化閱讀及最后一題的解答有很大好處。由于條理清晰，最后一題盡量考慮從正面選出，排除為輔第二篇： Greek' s Sacred Groves and Parks考生回憶：古希臘很崇尚自然，覺得自然是神圣的。樹木神馬的都有sp iritualmea n

31、ing。第一段講古希臘哲學家研究人與自然的關(guān)系，引用了某哲學家的話，說明了 nature與spirit 之間的聯(lián)系。中間有一段說樹木的重要性，不僅是在希臘文明，也在其他文明中也存在著對樹木的崇拜。因此那些Sacred Groves 被認為是神明的居所，古希臘人用了很多的方法來保護它。然后還說了Sacred Groves的地址通常在一些小地方（洞穴之類），并且不是像某哲學家所說的很虛幻的存在。希臘人相信神靈的確居住在此處。周圍的植被樹林都收到保護，并且有條理頒布，破壞自然會遭受神的制裁。經(jīng)過Sacred Groves 的動物也會被拿去祭祀。解析：很多考生反映本文比較難。主要原因是當作者提到古希臘

32、的哲學、宗教與文明的時 候出現(xiàn)了很多非常陌生而艱澀的生詞與概念，因此出現(xiàn)因為詞匯與背景知識的生疏而嚴重 影響對于文章理解的情況。所以備考的時候，同學們最好多花時間去精讀自己的背景知識 薄弱的 TPO 文章，盡量減少在考試之中遇到大量生詞恐懼帶來的內(nèi)耗。推薦閱讀：Ancient Rome and GreeceThere is a quality of cohesiveness about the Roman world that applied neither to Greece nor perhaps to any other civilization, ancient or modern.

33、Like the stone of Roman wall, which were held together both by the regularity of the design and by that peculiarly powerful Roman cement, so the various parts of the Roman realm were bonded into a massive, monolithic entity by physical, organizational, and psychological controls. The physical bonds

34、included the network of military garrisons, which were stationed in every province, and the network of stone-built roads that linked the provinces with Rome. The organizational bonds were based on the common principles of law and administration and on the universal army of officials who enforced com

35、mon standards of conduct. The psychological controls were built on fear and punishment on the absolute certainty that anyone or anything that threatened the authority of Rome would be utterly destroyed.The source of Roman obsession with unity and cohesion may well have lain in the pattern of Rome* s

36、 early development. Whereas Greece had grown from scores of scattered cities, Rome grew from one single organism. While the Greek world had expanded along the Mediterranean seas lanes, the Roman world was assembled by territorial conquest Of course, the contrast is not quite so stark: inAlexander th

37、e Great the Greeks had found the greatest territorial conqueror of all time; and the Romans, once they moved outside Italy, did not fail to learn the lessons of sea power. Yet the essential difference is undeniable. The key to the Greek world lay in its high-powered ships; the key to Roman power lay

38、 in its marching legions. The Greeks were wedded to the sea; the Romans, to the land. The Greek was a sailor at heart; the Roman, a landsman.Certainly, in trying to explain the Roman phenomenon, one would have to place great emphasis on this almost instinct for the territorial imperative. Roman prio

39、rities lay in the organization, exploitation, and defense of their territory. In all probability it was the fertile plain of Latium, where theLatins who founded Rome originated, that created the habits and skills of landed settlement, landed property, landed economy, landed administration, and a lan

40、d-based society. From this arose the Roman genius for military organization and orderly government. In turn, a deep attachment to the land, and to the stability which rural life engenders, fostered the Roman virtues: gravitas, a sense of responsibility, pietas, a sense of devotion to family and coun

41、try, and, a sense of the natural order.Modern attitudes to Roman civilization range from the infinitely impressed to the thoroughly disgusted. As always, there are the power worshippers, especially among historians, who are predisposed to admire whatever is strong, who feel more attracted to the mig

42、ht of Rome than to the subtlety of Greece.At the same time, there is a solid body of opinion that dislikes Rome. For many, Rome is at best the imitator and the continuator of Greece on a larger scale. Greek civilization had quality; Rome, mere quantity. Greece was original; Rome, derivative. Greece

43、had style; Rome had money. Greece was the inventor; Rome, the research and development division. Such indeed was the opinion of some of the more intellectual Romans. "Had the Greeks held novelty in such disdain as we" asked Horace in his epistle, "what work of ancient date would now e

44、xist?"Rome' s debt to Greece was enormous. The Romans adopted Greek religion and moral philosophy. In literature, Greek writers were consciously used as models by their Latin successors. It was absolutely accepted that an educated Roman should be fluent in Greek. In speculative philosophy a

45、nd the sciences, the Romans made virtually no advance on early achievements.Yet it would be wrong to suggest that Rome was somehow a junior partner inGreco-Roman civilization. The Roman genius was projected into new spheres especially into those of law, military organization, administration, andengi

46、neering. Moreover, the tensions that arose within the Roman stateproduced literary and artistic sensibilities of the highest order. It wasno accident that many leading Roman soldiers and statesmen were writers ofhigh caliber.第三篇： Dinosaur and Parental Care考生回憶：通過化石判斷恐龍的 parental care 是很難的，因為這是一種行為，

47、被化石保存下來。介紹了兩種 care 的方法，一種是 egg in nest ，另外一種是喂食。 egg M 恐龍是 egg in nest 。說在 egg mountain , 每個下蛋點 的點都是等寬的，說明很有可能是群居，在一起 下單然后共同保護幼崽。然后又討論了mountain 發(fā)現(xiàn)有一些化石證明egg mountain 中有一種龍 D 中有新發(fā) 現(xiàn)，其幼崽的沒辦法牙齒上有一層 protection material ,只有 feeding 才會開 J 成，這 意味著成年龍會帶東西回來喂幼崽，與人類嬰兒做了一個類比，但是這個證據(jù)不 能直接證明。而且在類似的一些動物幼崽身上是新生兒就有這

48、個不一定是被喂食才有。于是研究者以進化的角度來推測會不會是新物種的 parental care , 找了現(xiàn)代的生物鳥和鱷魚來作證，因 為他們屬于同一祖先，而這兩種現(xiàn)代生物都有很 多 care 的方式，因此推斷恐龍是有parental care 。解析：這篇文章屬于生物學的文章。本文討論到的內(nèi)容一共涉及了考古學、演化生物學與動物行為學三個學科，是一篇背景知識常廣泛的文章。從文章段落結(jié)構(gòu)看，本文主旨十分清晰，主題明確，對相關(guān)背景的描述比較洋盡，不會出現(xiàn)像第二篇文章那樣因為背景知識 的生疏而嚴重影響對于文章理解的情況。需要注意的是，必須提前對相關(guān)類型的 TPO 文章的生詞熟悉，盡量減少生詞恐懼帶來的

49、Dinosaurs 和 TPO 11 的 Begging by Nestlings。內(nèi)耗。推薦 TPO 08 的 Extinction of The推薦閱讀：Extinction of the DinosaursPaleontologists have argued for a long time that the demise of the dinosaurswas caused by climatic alterations associated with slow changes in thepositions of continents and seas resulting from

50、plate tectonics. Off and onthroughout the Cretaceous (the last period of the Mesozoic era, during whichdinosaurs flourished), large shallow seas covered extensive areas of thecontinents. Data from diverse sources, including geochemical evidence preservedin seafloor sediments, indicate that the Late

51、Cretaceous climate was milder than today' s. The days were not too hot, nor the nights too cold. The summers were not too warm, nor the winters too frigid. The shallow seas on the continents probably buffered the temperature of the nearby air, keeping it relatively constant.At the end of the Cre

52、taceous, the geological record shows that these seaways retreated from the continents back into the major ocean basins. No one knows why. Over a period of about 100,000 years, while the seas pulled back, climates around the world became dramatically more extreme: warmer days, cooler nights; hotter s

53、ummers, colder winters. Perhaps dinosaurs could not tolerate these extreme temperature changes and became extinct.If true, though, why did cold-blooded animals such as snakes, lizards, turtles, and crocodiles survive the freezing winters and torrid summers? These animals are at the mercy of the clim

54、ate to maintain a livable body temperature. If s hard to understand why they would not be affected, whereas dinosaurs were left too crippled to cope, especially if, as some scientists believe, dinosaurs were warm-blooded. Critics also point out that the shallow seaways had retreated from and advance

55、d on the continents numerous times during theMesozoic, so why did the dinosaurs survive the climatic changes associated with the earlier fluctuations but not with this one? Although initially appealing, the hypothesis of a simple climatic change related to sea levels is insufficient to explain all t

56、he data.Dissatisfaction with conventional explanations for dinosaur extinctions led to a surprising observation that, in turn, has suggested a new hypothesis.Many plants and animals disappear abruptly from the fossil record as one moves from layers of rock documenting the end of the Cretaceous up in

57、to rocks representing the beginning of the Cenozoic (the era after the Mesozoic).Between the last layer of Cretaceous rock and the first layer of Cenozoic rock, there is often a thin layer of clay. Scientists felt that they could get an idea of how long the extinctions took by determining how long i

58、t took to deposit this one centimeter of clay and they thought they could determinethe time it took to deposit the clay by determining the amount of the element iridium (Ir) it contained.It has not been common at Earth* s since the very beginning of the planet' s history. Because it usually exists in a metallic state, it was preferentially incorporated in Earth* s core as the planet cooled and consolidated. It is found in high concentrations in some meteorites, in which the solar system ' s or