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1、)段首句1 .關(guān)于人們有不同的觀點(diǎn)。一些人認(rèn)為Therearedifferentopinionsamongpeopleasto.Somepeoplesuggestthat2 .俗話說(shuō)(常言道),它是我們前輩的經(jīng)歷,但是,即使在今天,它在許多場(chǎng)合仍然適用Thereisanoldsaying.Itstheexperienceofourforefathers,however,itiscorrectinmanycaseseventoday.3 .現(xiàn)在,它們給我們的日常生活帶來(lái)了許多危害。首先,;其次,。更為糟糕的是Today,whichhavebroughtalotofharmsinourdailyl

2、ife.First,Second,.Whatmakesthingsworseisthat.4 .現(xiàn)在,很普遍,許多人喜歡,因?yàn)?,另外(而且)。Nowadays,itiscommonto.Manypeoplelikebecause.Besides,.5 .任何事物都是有兩面性,也不例外。它既有有利的一面,也有不利的一面。Everythinghastwosidesandisnotanexception,ithasbothadvantagesanddisadvantages.6 .關(guān)于人們的觀點(diǎn)各不相同,一些人認(rèn)為(說(shuō)),在他們看來(lái),Peoplesopinionsaboutvaryfromperso

3、ntoperson.Somepeoplesaythat.Tothem,.7 .人類正面臨著一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題,這個(gè)問(wèn)題變得越來(lái)越嚴(yán)重。Manisnowfacingabigproblemwhichisbecomingmoreandmoreserious.8 .已成為人的關(guān)注的熱門話題,特別是在年青人當(dāng)中,將引發(fā)激烈的辯論。hasbecomeahottopicamongpeople,especiallyamongtheyoungandheateddebatesarerightontheirway.9 .在我們的日常生活中起著越來(lái)越重要的作用,它給我們帶來(lái)了許多好處,但同時(shí)也引發(fā)一些嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題。hasb

4、eenplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleinourday-to-daylife.ithasbroughtusalotofbenefitsbuthascreatedsomeseriousproblemsaswell.10 .根據(jù)圖表/數(shù)字/統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字/表格中的百分比/圖表/條形圖/成形圖可以看出。很顯然,但是為什么呢?Accordingtothefigure/number/statistics/percentagesinthe/chart/bargraph/line/graph,itcanbeseenthatwhile.Obviously,butwhy?(二)中間

5、段落句1 .相反,有一些人贊成,他們相信,而且,他們認(rèn)為。Onthecontrary,therearesomepeopleinfavorof_.Atthesametime,theysay.2 .但是,我認(rèn)為這不是解決的好方法,比如。最糟糕的是。ButIdontthinkitisaverygoodwaytosolve.Forexample,.Worstofall,_.3 .對(duì)我們國(guó)家的發(fā)展和建設(shè)是必不可少的,(也是)非常重要的。首先,。而且,最重要的是isnecessaryandimportanttoourcountrysdevelopmentandconstruction.First,.Wha

6、tsmore,.Mostimportantofall,.4 .有幾個(gè)可供我們采納的方法。首先,我們可以。Thereareseveralmeasuresforustoadopt.First,wecan5.面臨,我們應(yīng)該采取一系列行之有效的方法來(lái)一方面,另一方面,Confrontedwith,weshouldtakeaseriesofeffectivemeasuresto.Foronething,F(xiàn)oranother,6 .早就應(yīng)該拿出行動(dòng)了。比如說(shuō),另外。所有這些方法肯定會(huì)。Itishightimethatsomethingwasdoneaboutit.Forexample.Inaddition

7、.Allthesemeasureswillcertainly.7 .為什么?第一個(gè)原因是;第二個(gè)原因是;第三個(gè)原因是。總的來(lái)說(shuō),的主要原因是由于Why?Thefirstreasonisthat.Thesecondreasonis.Thethirdis.Forallthis,themaincauseofdueto.8 .然而,正如任何事物都有好壞兩個(gè)方面一樣,也有它的不利的一面,象。However,justlikeeverythinghasbothitsgoodandbadsides,alsohasitsowndisadvantages,suchas.9 .盡管如此,我相信更有利。Nonethe

8、less,Ibelievethatismoreadvantageous.10 .完全同意這種觀點(diǎn)(陳述),主要理由如下:Ifullyagreewiththestatementthatbecause1. ItmustbepointedoutthatitisoneofourbasicStatepoliciestocontrolpopulationgrowthwhileraisingthequalityofthepopulation.2. Itis(hasbeen)estimatedthattheworldspopulationcouldreach6billionbytheendofthecentu

9、ry.3. Itmustbekeptinmindthatthereisnosecretofsuccessbuthardwork.4. Itcanbeseenfromthisthatthereisnodifficultyintheworldwecanovercome.5. Asisknownmanistheproductoflabor.6. Itisacommonsayingthatmanwhohasasettledpurposewillsurelysucceed.7. Itisclearthattheenemyhasnodesireforpeace.8. Itishardtoimagineho

10、wEdisonmanagedtoworktwentyhourseachday.9. Itshardtosaywhethertheplanispracticable.10. Thereisnodoubtthatotherswillhelpyouifyouhaveanydifficulties.11. Itseemscertainthattheyhavemadeaseriesofexperiments.12. Itissaidthatbatshavebeenusingradarformillionsofyears.13. Totellthetruth,manymistakeswemadecould

11、havebeenavoided.14. Asweknow,itwasnotuntilrecentlythattheproblemwassolved.15. Itmustbeadmittedthatyouhaventdonewhatyoupromisedtodo.16. Inmyopinion,thiscomputerisdifferentfromthatoneyousaw.17. Itiscertainthatwehavealongwaytogo.18. Allthisshowsthatnothingcanpreventusfromreachingouraims.19. Asfaraswekn

12、ow,ittookhimmorethanayeartowritethebook.20. Ithasbeenprovedthateverysubstance,nomatterwhatitis,ismadeupofatoms.21. Ithasbeendecidedthatwearegoingtobuildarailwaywhosebasemustbecompletedwithinhisyear.22. Itisobvious(evident)thatthesuccessoftheinnovationdependsonourconcertedefforts.23. Tobefrank,whethe

13、ryoulikeitornot,youhavenootherchoice.24. ItisnaturalthatonemayhavetroubleexpressingcomplicatedideasinsimpleEnglish.25. Whatismoreimportant,theagreementtheyhavenegotiatedisbeingcarriedout.26. Wewillbesuccessfulaslongaswepersevere.27. Franklyspeaking,whatyoucallthetruthmaynotapplytothingshappeninghere

14、.28. Itistruethatwemustredoubleourefforts;otherwisewecannotcatchupwiththedevelopedcountries.29. Itakeitforgrantedthattheywillsupportthisidea.30. Inacertainsense,asuccessfulscientistisapersonwhoisneversatisfiedwithwhathehasachieved.31. Theoceansdonotsomuchdividetheworldasuniteit.32. Thereisnodenyingt

15、hefactthatthenewmanagementmethodhasgreatlyincreasedtheproduction.33. Thereisnodenyingthefactthatthenewmanagementmethodhasgreatlyincreasedtheproduction.34. Uponhearingtheunexpectednews,hewassosurprisedthathecouldntutteraword.35. Asthesayinggoes,nothingintheworldisdifficultforonewhosetshismindtoit.36.

16、 Ourgoalmustbeattained.Ourgoalcanunquestionablybeattained.37. Notingcanpreventusfromrealizingthefourmodernizations.38. NowinChina,moreandmorefamiliescanaffordtobuyhigh-gradegoods,suchaswashingmachines,TVsets,videoorders.39. NomatterhowdifficultEnglishmaybe,youshoulddoyourbesttolearnit.40. Itcanbesai

17、dthatwithoutknowledgeofscienceandtechnology,itisimpossibletobuildsocialistmodernizations英語(yǔ)寫作中典型的病句實(shí)例逐一加以剖析1 不一致(Disagreements)所謂不一致不光指主謂不一致,它還包括了數(shù)的不一致時(shí)態(tài)不一致及代詞不一致等例1.Whenonehavemoney,hecandowhathewantto.(人一旦有了錢,他就能想干什么就干什么)剖析:one是單數(shù)第三人稱,因而本句的have應(yīng)改為has;同理,want應(yīng)改為wants.本句是典型的主謂不一致改為:Onceonehasmoney,he

18、candowhathewants(todo)2 修飾語(yǔ)錯(cuò)位(MisplacedModifiers)英語(yǔ)與漢語(yǔ)不同,同一個(gè)修飾語(yǔ)置于句子不同的位置,句子的含義可能引起變化對(duì)于這一點(diǎn)中國(guó)學(xué)生往往沒(méi)有引起足夠的重視,因而造成了不必要的誤解.例1.IbelieveIcandoitwellandIwillbetterknowtheworldoutsidethecampus.剖析:better位置不當(dāng),應(yīng)置于句末句子不完整(SentenceFragments)在口語(yǔ)中,交際雙方可借助手勢(shì)語(yǔ)氣上下文等,不完整的句子完全可以被理解可是書面語(yǔ)就不同了,句子結(jié)構(gòu)不完整會(huì)令意思表達(dá)不清,這種情況常常發(fā)生在主句寫完以

19、后,筆者又想加些補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明時(shí)發(fā)生例1.Therearemanywaystoknowthesociety.ForexamplebyTV,radio.newspaperandsoon.剖析:本句后半部分forexamplebyTV,radio,newspaperandsoon.不是一個(gè)完整的句子,僅為一些”不連貫的詞語(yǔ),不能獨(dú)立成句改為:Therearemanywaystoknowsociety,forexample,byTV,radio,andnewspaper.4 懸垂修飾語(yǔ)(DanglingModifiers)所謂懸垂修飾語(yǔ)是指句首的短語(yǔ)與后面句子的邏輯關(guān)系混亂不清例如:Attheageoft

20、en,mygrandfatherdied.這句中"attheageoften"只點(diǎn)出十歲時(shí),但沒(méi)有說(shuō)明"誰(shuí)"十歲時(shí).按一般推理不可能是mygrandfather,如果我們把這個(gè)懸垂修飾語(yǔ)改明確一點(diǎn),全句就不那么費(fèi)解了改為:WhenIwasten,mygrandfatherdied.例1.Todowellincollege,goodgradesareessential.剖析:句中不定式短語(yǔ)“todowellincollege的邏輯主語(yǔ)不清楚”改為:Todowellincollege,astudentneedsgoodgrades.5 詞性誤用(Misuse

21、ofPartsofSpeech)詞性誤用”常表現(xiàn)為:介詞當(dāng)動(dòng)詞用;形容詞當(dāng)副詞用;名詞當(dāng)動(dòng)詞用等例1.Nonecannegativetheimportanceofmoney.剖析:negative系形容詞,誤作動(dòng)詞。改為:Nonecandenytheimportanceofmoney.6 指代不清(AmbiguousReferenceofPronouns)指代不清主要講的是代詞與被指代的人或物關(guān)系不清,或者先后所用的代詞不一致。試看下面這一句:Marywasfriendlytomysisterbecauseshewantedhertobeherbridesmaid.(瑪麗和我姐姐很要好,因?yàn)樗?/p>

22、要她做她的伴娘。)讀完上面這一句話,讀者無(wú)法明確地判斷兩位姑娘中誰(shuí)將結(jié)婚,誰(shuí)將當(dāng)伴娘。如果我們把易于引起誤解的代詞的所指對(duì)象加以明確,意思就一目了然了。這個(gè)句子可改為:Marywasfriendlytomysisterbecauseshewantedmysistertobeherbridesmaid.例1.Andwecanalsoknowthesocietybyservingityourself.剖析:句中人稱代詞we和反身代詞yourself指代不一致。改為:Wecanalsoknowsocietybyservingitourselves.7 不間斷句子(Run-onSentences)什么

23、口Urun-onsentence?青看下面的例句。例1.Therearemanywayswegettoknowtheoutsideworld.剖析:這個(gè)句子包含了兩層完整的意思:Therearemanyways.以及”“Wegettoknowtheoutsideworld.簡(jiǎn)單地把它們連在一起就不妥當(dāng)了。改為:Therearemanywaysforustolearnabouttheoutsideworld.或:Therearemanywaysthroughwhichwecanbecomeacquaintedwiththeoutsideworld8 措詞毛病(TroublesinDiction)

24、Diction是指在特定的句子中如何適當(dāng)?shù)剡x用詞語(yǔ)的問(wèn)題,囿于教學(xué)時(shí)間緊迫,教師平時(shí)在這方面花的時(shí)間往往極其有限,影響了學(xué)生在寫作中沒(méi)有養(yǎng)成良好的推敲,斟酌的習(xí)慣。他們往往隨心所欲,拿來(lái)就用。所以作文中用詞不當(dāng)?shù)腻e(cuò)誤比比皆是。例1.Theincreasinguseofchemicalobstaclesinagriculturealsomakespollution.(農(nóng)業(yè)方面化學(xué)物質(zhì)使用的不斷增加也造成了污染。)剖析:顯然,考生把obstacles障礙",障礙物"誤彳substance物質(zhì)”了。另外"theincreasinguse不斷增加的使用)"應(yīng)改為

25、"abusiveuse濫用)"。改為:Theabusiveuseofchemicalsubstancesinagriculturealsocauses/leadstopollution.9 累贅(Redundancy)言以簡(jiǎn)潔為貴。寫句子沒(méi)有一個(gè)多余的詞;寫段落沒(méi)有一個(gè)無(wú)必要的句子。能用單詞的不用詞組;能用詞組的不用從句或句子。如:Inspiteofthefactthatheislazy,Ilikehim.本句的"thefactthatheislazy系同謂語(yǔ)從句,我們按照上述能用詞組的不用從句"可以改為:Inspiteofhislaziness,Ili

26、kehim.例1.Forthepeoplewhoarediligentandkind,moneyisjustthethingtobeusedtobuythethingtheyneed.剖析:整個(gè)句子可以大大簡(jiǎn)化。改為:Diligent,caringpeopleusemoneyonlytobuywhattheyneed.十不連貫(Incoherence)不連貫是指一個(gè)句子前言不對(duì)后語(yǔ),或是結(jié)構(gòu)上不暢通。這也是考生常犯的毛病。例1.Thefreshwater,itisthemostimportantthingsoftheearth.剖析:Thefreshwater與逗號(hào)后的it不連貫。It與thi

27、ngs在數(shù)方面不一致。改為:Freshwateristhemostimportantthingintheworld.十一綜合性語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤(ComprehensiveMisusage)所謂“綜合性語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤”,是指除了上述十種錯(cuò)誤以外,還有諸如時(shí)態(tài),語(yǔ)態(tài),標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào),大小寫等方面的錯(cuò)誤。seat,cloth,live,goetc例1Today,Moneytoeverybodyisveryimportance,our寫作絕招一(如何寫好開頭和結(jié)尾)一開頭萬(wàn)能公式:1開頭萬(wàn)能公式一:名人名言有人問(wèn)了,“我沒(méi)有記住名言,怎么辦?尤其是英語(yǔ)名言?”,很好辦:編!原理:我們看到的東西很多都是創(chuàng)造出來(lái)的,包括我們

28、欣賞的文章也是,所以盡管編,但是一定要聽起來(lái)很有道理呦!而且沒(méi)準(zhǔn)將來(lái)我們就是名人呢!對(duì)吧?經(jīng)典句型:Aproverbsays,"Youareonlyyoungonce.(適用于已記住的名言)Itgoeswithoutsayingthatwecannotbeyoungforever.(適用于自編名言)更多經(jīng)典句型:Aseveryoneknows,Noonecandenythat2。開頭萬(wàn)能公式二:數(shù)字統(tǒng)計(jì)原理:要想更有說(shuō)服力,就應(yīng)該用實(shí)際的數(shù)字來(lái)說(shuō)明。原則上在議論文當(dāng)中不應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)虛假數(shù)字的,可是在考試的時(shí)候哪管那三七二十一,但編無(wú)妨,只要我有東西寫就萬(wàn)事大吉了。所以不妨試用下面的句型:

29、Accordingtoarecentsurvey,about78.9%ofthecollegestudentswantedtofurthertheirstudyaftertheirgraduation.看起來(lái)這個(gè)數(shù)字文鄒鄒的,其實(shí)都是編造出來(lái)的,下面隨便幾個(gè)題目我們都可以這樣編造:Honesty根據(jù)最近的一項(xiàng)統(tǒng)計(jì)調(diào)查顯示,大學(xué)生向老師請(qǐng)假的理由當(dāng)中78%都是假的。TravelbyBike根據(jù)最近的一項(xiàng)統(tǒng)計(jì)調(diào)查顯示,85%的人在近距離旅行的時(shí)候首選的交通工具是自行車。Youth根據(jù)最近的一項(xiàng)統(tǒng)計(jì)調(diào)查顯示,在某個(gè)大學(xué),學(xué)生的課余時(shí)間的70%都是在休閑娛樂(lè)。Five-dayWorkWeekBette

30、rthanSix-dayWork?根據(jù)最近的一項(xiàng)統(tǒng)計(jì)調(diào)查顯示,98%的人同意每周五天工作日。更多句型:Arecentstatisticsshowsthat二結(jié)尾萬(wàn)能公式:1結(jié)尾萬(wàn)能公式一:如此結(jié)論說(shuō)完了,畢竟要?dú)w納一番,相信各位都有這樣的經(jīng)歷,領(lǐng)導(dǎo)長(zhǎng)篇大論,到最后終于冒出個(gè)“總而言之”之類的話,我們馬上停止開小差,等待領(lǐng)導(dǎo)說(shuō)結(jié)束語(yǔ)。也就是說(shuō),開頭很好,也必然要有一個(gè)精彩的結(jié)尾,讓讀者眼前一亮,這樣,你就可以拿高分了!比如下面的例子:Obviously(此為過(guò)渡短語(yǔ)),wecandrawtheconclusionthatgoodmannersarisefrompolitenessandrespe

31、ctforothers.如果讀者很難“顯而見之”,但說(shuō)無(wú)妨,就當(dāng)讀者的眼光太淺罷了!更多過(guò)渡短語(yǔ):tosumup,inconclusion,inbrief,onaccountofthis,thus更多句型:Thus,itcanbeconcludedthat,Therefore,wecanfindthat幾年的英語(yǔ)寫作基礎(chǔ)試卷在考查內(nèi)容和試題類型上改動(dòng)不大,保持了命題的連貫性??疾閮?nèi)容包括三大部分:句子的組成、段落的寫作、應(yīng)用文寫作。題型有重寫句子、改寫病句、識(shí)別主題句、重新組合段落、識(shí)別與段落內(nèi)容無(wú)關(guān)的句子、寫信六種。本文將按題型順序?qū)Χ?00年試題的考核知識(shí)點(diǎn)與解題思路進(jìn)行分析和探討,同時(shí),

32、也將對(duì)考生答題中的典型錯(cuò)誤作一剖析,希望能有益于準(zhǔn)備參加今年考試的同學(xué)。第一大題重寫句子(本大題共10小題,每小題1.5分,共15分)Rewriteeachofthefollowingsentencesaccordingtotherequirement.考核知識(shí)點(diǎn):考查loosesentence與periodicsentence之間的轉(zhuǎn)換。試題:2. Ifeltliketakingawalkafterwatchingthesunset.(periodicsentence)3. Whiletheywerewaitinginlinefortheconcerttickets,therainstopp

33、ed.(loosesentence)答案:2. Afterwatchingthesunset,Ifeltliketakingawalk.3. Therainstoppedwhiletheywerewaitinginlinefortheconcerttickets.解題關(guān)鍵:(1)明確兩種句型的特點(diǎn):就語(yǔ)義結(jié)構(gòu)而論,periodicsentence(掉尾句)中主要信息在后,次要信息在前,使句子的重心置于句尾,旨在造成懸念,引人入勝;而loosesentence(松散句)則正相反,將句義重心放在句首,使主要信息一目了然。就語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)而言,periodicsentence(掉尾句)將句子成分中的修飾部

34、分放在主要成分(一般為主謂結(jié)構(gòu))之前;而loosesentence(松散句)則反之。(2) 第二題原句主要信息為Ifeltliketakingawalk,放在次要信息Afterwatchingthesunset之前,原句是loosesentenc(e松散句),變換句型只要將主次信息換位即可。第三題原句的主要信息為therainstopped,次要信Jl、為whiletheywerewaitinginlinefortheconcerttickets,原句是periodicsentence(掉尾句),變換成loosesentence(松散句),需主次信息換位。simplesentence的能力。試

35、題:5.Theletterisfrommyforeignfriend.Theletterarrivedtoday.(simplesentence)9.Myroommatewaswaitingformeatthedoor.Hehadabookinhishand.(simplesentence)答案:5.Theletterfrommyforeignfriendarrivedtoday.9.Myroommatewithabookinhishandwaswaitingformeatthedoor.解題關(guān)鍵:(1)明確simplesentence(簡(jiǎn)單句)的構(gòu)成:simplesentence(簡(jiǎn)單句)包

36、含一個(gè)主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(S+V)的結(jié)構(gòu)。(2)將兩個(gè)短句的共同主語(yǔ)作為合并后的simplesentence(簡(jiǎn)單句)的主語(yǔ),并將其中包含主要信息的短句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞確立為simplesentence(簡(jiǎn)單句)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,另一短句轉(zhuǎn)化為修飾成分。(3)第5題原句中第一個(gè)短句為次要信息,介詞短語(yǔ)frommyforeignfriend可作為修飾成分。第9題原句中,第一個(gè)短句包含主要信息,其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞waswaiting可作為合并后的simplesentence(簡(jiǎn)單句)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,第二個(gè)短句Hehadabookinhishand,可轉(zhuǎn)化為with引導(dǎo)的介詞短語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu),作修飾成分。考生典型答題錯(cuò)誤分析(錯(cuò)誤)T

37、heletterwhicharrivedtodayisfrommyforeignfriend.(分析)錯(cuò)誤有二:一、未將原句中包含主要信息的短句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞arrived作為合并后的simplesentence(簡(jiǎn)單句)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞;二、含有定語(yǔ)從句的句子不是simplesentence(簡(jiǎn)單句),而是complexsentence(復(fù)合句)。Theletterarrivedtodayisfrommyforeignfriend.(分析)這是一個(gè)病句,句中出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)沒(méi)有合適方式連接的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,根本不符合語(yǔ)法規(guī)則(錯(cuò)誤)Myroommate,whohadabookinhishand,waswaiting

38、formeatthedoor.(分析)此句中whohadabookinhishand是定語(yǔ)從句,而simplesentence(簡(jiǎn)單句)中不能含有從句。三,考核知識(shí)點(diǎn):考查獨(dú)立短句與compoundsentence之間的轉(zhuǎn)換試題:1.Jerryisagoodstudent.Hestudieshardandgraspsconceptswell.(compoundsentence)6.Wecouldtakeataxi.Wecouldwalktotherestaurant.(compoundsentence)10.Ineededbuttertomakethecookiebetter.Icouldnt

39、findany.Iusedvegetableoilinstead.(compoundsentence)答案:1.Jerryisagoodstudent,forhestudieshardandgraspsconceptswell.6.Wecouldtakeataxiorwecouldwalktotherestaurant.10. Ineededbuttertomakethecookiebetter,butIcouldntfindany,soIusedvegetableoilinstead.解題關(guān)鍵:( 1) 明確compoundsentence(并歹U句)的特點(diǎn):compoundsentence

40、(并歹U句)是由并歹1J連詞或特定的標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)將意義相關(guān)、結(jié)構(gòu)完整的兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的simplesentence(簡(jiǎn)單句)連接起來(lái)構(gòu)成的。( 2) 理順獨(dú)立短句間邏輯關(guān)系:是承遞、轉(zhuǎn)折、選擇、還是因果?確定好后在并列連接詞and,nor,but,yet,or,for,so之中選一個(gè)出來(lái)連接各分句。( 3) 第1題中,兩分句間的關(guān)系為前因后果,所以選擇for引出解釋原因的分句。第6題中,兩分句為選擇關(guān)系,可用or連接。第10題較為復(fù)雜,前兩個(gè)分句是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,可用but或yet連接;它們又與第三個(gè)分句形成前因后果的關(guān)系,所以選擇so引出結(jié)果??忌湫痛痤}錯(cuò)誤分析(錯(cuò)誤)Jerryisagoodstu

41、dentforhestudieshardandgraspsconceptswell.(分析)用for引導(dǎo)表示原因的分句時(shí),它前面一定要用comma(逗號(hào))。(錯(cuò)誤)ForJerryisagoodstudent,hestudieshardandgraspsconceptswell.(分析)除了因果關(guān)系不妥外,for的位置也不正確。用for連接兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句時(shí),前句表示結(jié)果或結(jié)論,后句說(shuō)明產(chǎn)生前述結(jié)果的原因,所以for只能出現(xiàn)在后句中。(錯(cuò)誤)Wecouldtakeataxiorwalktotherestaurant.(分析)此句仍是一個(gè)simplesentence(簡(jiǎn)單句)而不是compoundse

42、ntence(并歹U句),compoundsentence(并列句)必須包含兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的simplesentence(簡(jiǎn)單句)四,考核知識(shí)點(diǎn):考查compoundsentence與complexsentence之間的轉(zhuǎn)換試題:4. Thetaperecorderwasnotworkingright,soIreturnedittothestore.(complexsentence)答案:5. Becausethetaperecorderwasnotworkingright,Ireturnedittothestore.解題關(guān)鍵:(1) 了解complexsentence(復(fù)合句)的構(gòu)成:com

43、plexsentence(復(fù)合句)包含一個(gè)主句及一個(gè)或多個(gè)從句。從句分為名詞性從句、形容詞性從句和副詞性從句。(2) 第4題原句是compoundsentence(并列句),兩個(gè)分句為因果關(guān)系,要把compoundsentence(并列句)重寫成complexsentence(復(fù)合句)時(shí),只需將第一個(gè)分句改為由從屬連接詞because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句即可。考生典型答題錯(cuò)誤分析Ireturnedthetaperecordertothestore,foritwasnotworkingright.(分析)for雖然也可引導(dǎo)表示原因的分句,但它是并列連接詞,用在compoundsentence(并列

44、句)中,這點(diǎn)與because、as、since等引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連接詞不同。五,考核知識(shí)點(diǎn):考查對(duì)compound-complexsentence的掌握和運(yùn)用。試題:7.Ifyouwantmetocleanyourwindows,pleasegivemeaweeksnotice.Iamverybusythismonth.(compound-complexsentence)答案:7. Ifyouwantmetocleanyourwindows,pleasegivemeaweeksnotice,forIamverybusythismonth.解題關(guān)鍵: 1) 了解compound-compl

45、exsentence(并歹U復(fù)合句)的構(gòu)成:顧名思義,compound-complexsentence(并列復(fù)合句)是由復(fù)合句并列而形成的。具體地說(shuō),compound-complexsentence(并列復(fù)合句)可以是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句與一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句用并列連接詞連接起來(lái)的,也可以是兩個(gè)主從復(fù)合句的并列。 2) 2)第7題原句中的第一個(gè)句子是含有條件狀語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句,第一句與第二句是前因后果的關(guān)系,將兩句話用并列連接詞for連接起來(lái),即可合并為一個(gè)compound-complexsentence(并列復(fù)合句)??忌湫痛痤}錯(cuò)誤分析(錯(cuò)誤)Pleasegivemeaweeksnoticeifyouw

46、antmetocleanyourwindows,becauseIamverybusythismonth.(分析)此句仍是complexsentence(復(fù)合句),因?yàn)閎ecause為從屬連接詞。在表示原因的連接詞中,只有for是并列連接詞,用于連接兩個(gè)具有并列關(guān)系的分句。閱卷中發(fā)現(xiàn),相當(dāng)多的考生沒(méi)有掌握好連接詞for的用法。六,考核知識(shí)點(diǎn):考查對(duì)parallelstructure概念的掌握和運(yùn)用試題:8. Minnieboughtatickettotheplay.Shewentoutfordinner.Shearrivedatthetheaterby8:00.(parallelstructur

47、e)答案:8. Minnieboughtatickettotheplay,wentoutfordinner,andarrivedatthetheaterby8:00.解題關(guān)鍵:( 1) 明確parallelstructure(平行結(jié)構(gòu))的特點(diǎn):parallelstructure(平行結(jié)構(gòu))是把兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上意思并列的成分用同等的語(yǔ)法形式表示出來(lái)。平行的結(jié)構(gòu)可以是單詞、詞組、從句,也可以是句子。(2)第8題原有的三個(gè)短句中,主語(yǔ)均為Minnie,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞bought、wentout、及arrived是意思并列的成分,可以成為平行結(jié)構(gòu)??忌湫痛痤}錯(cuò)誤分析(錯(cuò)誤)Minnieboughtatick

48、ettotheplay,arrivedatthetheaterby8:00,andwentoutfordinner.(分析)Minnie買票、外出吃飯、到達(dá)劇院是按照時(shí)間順序先后發(fā)生的,次序不能隨意更改。(錯(cuò)誤)Minnieboughtatickettotheplay,wentoutfordinner,thenarrivedatthetheaterby8:00.(分析)then不是并列連接詞,不能取代and。上一講,我們對(duì)第一種題型"重寫句子"的考核知識(shí)點(diǎn)與解題思路進(jìn)行了分析和探討,并對(duì)考生答題中的典型錯(cuò)誤作了剖析。本講我們將研究第二種題型"改寫病句",

49、病句中的一些語(yǔ)病在中國(guó)學(xué)生的英文寫作中十分常見,值得認(rèn)真推敲語(yǔ)寫作基礎(chǔ)考試題型:英語(yǔ)寫作基礎(chǔ)自學(xué)考試大綱的規(guī)定“本課程試卷采用的題型主要包括:判斷題、改錯(cuò)題、改寫題、概要寫作、應(yīng)用文寫作等”。判斷題、改錯(cuò)題、改寫題等主要考核應(yīng)考生對(duì)句子(TheSentence)和段落(TheParagraph)基本知識(shí)點(diǎn)如改寫句子包括改寫掉尾句(periodicsentence)、平行結(jié)構(gòu)(parallelstructure)等和判斷主題句(topicsentence)等掌握情況;例如:.Revisethefollowingsentencesaccordingtotherequirement1 .Thepla

50、nbegantoshakenoticeablyassoonasitliftedofftherunway.(periodicsentence)2 .JamesJoyce'sUlysses,alongandcomplicatednovelandwhichisonourreadinglist,hasbeenbannedbytheschoolboard.(parallelstructure)n.Readthefollowingparagraphcarefullyandselectthebesttopicsentencefromthefourpossibleanswersthatfollowtheparagraph.Topicsentence:.Actually,thisideaisfarfromthetruth.TheAborigineshavebeenabletosurviveforcenturiesintheharshenvironmentofthedesertbecausetheirminds

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