選修7_unit2_Learning_about_Language

1、精選ppt高二人教新課標版選修七高二人教新課標版選修七Unit 2 RobotsLearning about Language Bill felt great pleasure when he tried his new fax machine and it worked. 2. He felt pity for Claire because she was overweight and needed to lose about five kilos to look slim.3. Even though Jane told him many times to go away her brot

2、her still accompanied her to the doctor. Rewrite these sentences using words or phrases of similar meaning from the text to replace the underlined parts. satisfaction, tested outsympathyleave alone4. Her greatest wish was to look as elegant as Gladys Claffern.5. Please call me before you buy a new d

3、igital camera so I can go with you. 6. She looked at the computer screen carefully hoping to find some new emails in her mailbox. 7. It was ridiculous that his own mother would not talk to him about the affair. 8. He felt happy when his boss stated that he could set aside some time for exercise. des

4、irering upscannedabsurddeclared (News, 16/04/2321) Historical research shows that in the 22nd century many people told stories about how, at one time, people could buy robots as house decorators. The robots would _ the literature for the latest ideasin home decoration. Often the robots would _ desig

5、ns that were grander than their owners wanted. Brightly coloured _ and _ would be suggested together with brightly patterned walls and carpets. 2. Complete the following paragraph using the words and phrase in their proper forms. turn around scan awful alarm clerk cushion declare favour bedding scan

6、favourcushionsbeddingsSome of the _ in the shops thought that the designs were _. While some owners were firm with their robots suggestions, others would _ and walk out of the shop, feeling embarrassed. A few other robots would even get intophysical fights with their owners in public as their electr

7、ical systems sometimes would set off the shops_. After a while the government decided such behaviour was not appropriate and passed a law _ robots should not leave the house. So robots became household cleaners or industrial workers instead! clerksawfulturn aroundalarmsdeclaringGrammarPassive Voice一

8、、復習被動語態(tài)一、復習被動語態(tài)(Revise the Passive Voice)英語動詞有英語動詞有主動語態(tài)主動語態(tài) （the active voice）和和被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)（the passive voice）兩種形式。）兩種形式。主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者; 被語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者。如：被語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者。如：Everyone enjoys exciting sports. (主動語態(tài)主動語態(tài)) Exciting sports are enjoyed by everyone.(被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài))Music is being taught

9、( by Miss Li ) now.轉換規(guī)則：轉換規(guī)則：用公式表示為用公式表示為:(主動主動) S+V+O S(O)+V(be+ V-ed)+ by+O(S), 如：如：Miss Li is teaching music now. 一般一般進行進行完成完成現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在am/is/are given過去過去was/were given 將來將來shall/will be given時時式式二、常見主被動時態(tài)變化一覽表二、常見主被動時態(tài)變化一覽表am/is/are being givenhas/have been givenwas/were being givenhad been givenshal

10、l/will have been given1. English is spoken all over the world.2. The water is being turned into vapour.3. Those rooms have not been cleaned yet.4. He was seen to enter the room.5. At that time they were being shown how to run the machine.6. Radios had just been invented then, and people were talking

11、 about sending pictures by electricity.7. Madame Curie will always be remembered as the discoverer of the element radium.8. Before you come back, the building will have been finished.不定式被動式的用法不定式被動式的用法:不定式與其邏輯主語之間是不定式與其邏輯主語之間是被動關系時被動關系時,要用要用不定式的被動式。不定式的不定式的被動式。不定式的一般被動式一般被動式即即表示其邏輯主語是不定式動作的承受者表示其邏輯主

12、語是不定式動作的承受者,又表示又表示其動作與謂語動詞的動作同時發(fā)生或在其后發(fā)生其動作與謂語動詞的動作同時發(fā)生或在其后發(fā)生;不定式的不定式的完成被動式完成被動式即即表示其邏輯主語是不定式表示其邏輯主語是不定式動作的承受者，又表示其動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞的動作的承受者，又表示其動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞的動作之前。動作之前。e.g. He ordered the bridge to be built within the month.他命令在月內(nèi)建成這座橋。他命令在月內(nèi)建成這座橋。(一般被動式一般被動式)She was glad to have been given so much help.得到如此多的幫助

13、得到如此多的幫助, 她很高興。她很高興。(完成被動式完成被動式)三三. 動詞不定式的主動被動結構變化一覽表動詞不定式的主動被動結構變化一覽表一般式一般式進行式進行式完成式完成式主動主動to doto be doingto have done被動被動to be doneto have been done The meeting to be held is of great importance.(2) The bridge to be built next year is just between the one built last year and the one being built n

14、ow.(3) This house seems to have been built by a good architect.More examples:通常在通常在believe, suppose, say, report等動詞構成等動詞構成的句子中可以進行主動語態(tài)到被動語態(tài)以及的句子中可以進行主動語態(tài)到被動語態(tài)以及被動語態(tài)和動詞不定式的轉換。如：被動語態(tài)和動詞不定式的轉換。如：They say that Mike is sick in bed.It is said that Mike is sick in bed.Mike is said to be sick in bed.據(jù)說麥克臥床不

15、起據(jù)說麥克臥床不起.People believe that he was killed.It is believed that he was killed.He is believed to have been killed.大家相信他被殺了。大家相信他被殺了。精選ppt當不定式的邏輯主語是不定式所表示的動作的當不定式的邏輯主語是不定式所表示的動作的承受者時，不定式一般要采用被動形式。承受者時，不定式一般要采用被動形式。一、一、 不定式的被動形式有下列用法不定式的被動形式有下列用法:1. 作主語：作主語： It is an honor for me to be asked to speak h

16、ere.2. 作賓語：作賓語： She asked to be sent to work in Xinjiang.3. 構成復合賓語：構成復合賓語： He wanted the letter to be typed at once. She didnt like herself to be praised like that.精選ppt4. 構成復合謂語：構成復合謂語： The books are not allowed to be taken out of the room.5. 作定語：作定語： Are you going to the meeting to be held in the

17、teachers office?6. 作狀語：作狀語： She was too young to be assigned such work.精選ppt二、不定式有時還可以有完成式的被動式二、不定式有時還可以有完成式的被動式, 在句中作在句中作主語、賓語、定語主語、賓語、定語, 或者構成復合賓語、復合謂語等?；蛘邩嫵蓮秃腺e語、復合謂語等。It is a good thing for him to have been criticized. (主語主語)She preferred to have been given heavier work to do. (賓語賓語)He thought it

18、 an honor to have been invited to the party. (復合賓語復合賓語)The book is said to have been translated into many languages. (復合謂語復合謂語)She was the first woman to have been elected to such a post. (定語定語)精選ppt三、不定式的主動形式表示被動三、不定式的主動形式表示被動 在在 there be 結構中。結構中。例如：例如：There is a lot of homework to do. (也可用也可用to be

19、 done)There is no time to lose (to be lost).2. 在在“npron + be + adj + to do”結構中。結構中。 常用的形容詞有常用的形容詞有easy, difficult, hard, impossible, nice, pleasant, light, heavy, fit, interesting, important, expensive, cheap, dangerous 等。等。如：如：He is hard to convince. He is an impossible person to work with精選ppt3. 在

20、在“tooto do; enoughto”結構中。結構中。如：如： The problem is too difficult to work out/ (to be worked out) The house is big enough to live in.4. 在在“with+n+to do”結構中。結構中。例如：例如： With nothing to do, he lay in bed With so many exercises to do, I cant go to the cinema精選ppt5. 當不定式的邏輯主語在句中出現(xiàn)時。當不定式的邏輯主語在句中出現(xiàn)時。如：如：I hav

21、e a letter to type today(I是是to type的邏輯主語的邏輯主語)Do you have anything to say? (you是是to say的邏輯主語的邏輯主語)6. 當不定式隱含在當不定式隱含在 for sb to do結構中時。結構中時。例如：例如：This is the best book to read (=for usyou to read)The important thing to do is to lock the door when we leave the house7. 一些作表語用的不定式的主動形式。常見的這類一些作表語用的不定式的主動

22、形式。常見的這類動詞有動詞有 let (出租出租), rent, hire, blame 等。等。例如：例如：The house is to letI felt l was to blame.精選pptNOTICE動詞不定式主動語態(tài)形式的使用要比被動動詞不定式主動語態(tài)形式的使用要比被動語態(tài)形式的使用普遍語態(tài)形式的使用普遍, 有時有時(尤其在口語中尤其在口語中)雖然意思上是被動的雖然意思上是被動的, 也往往用主動語態(tài)也往往用主動語態(tài)形式來表示。形式來表示。 I have three motors to repair today. The task is difficult to finish o

23、n time.精選ppt The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier _ it more difficult. (MET99) A. not make B. not to make C. not making D. do not make 2. Ive worked with children before, so I know what _ in my new job. (MET2000) A. expected B. to expect C. to be expecting D. expects 3. Having a tr

24、ip abroad is certainly good for the old couples but it remains _ whether they will enjoy it. (MET2001) A. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. seen不定式與高考題不定式與高考題B B B 精選ppt4. Charles Babbage is generally considered _ the first computer. (MET1993) A. to invent B. inventing C. to have invented D. having

25、invented5. Allen had to call a taxi because the box was _ to carry all the way home. (MET2003) A. much too heavy B. too much heavy C. heavy too much D. too heavy muchC A 精選ppt6. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _. (MET95)A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D.

26、 do not to7. There are five pairs _, but Im at a loss which to buy. (1999上海高考上海高考) A. to be chosen B. to choose from C. to choose D. for choosingA B 精選ppt8. _ late in the afternoon, Bob turned off the alarm. (2001年北京春季高考年北京春季高考) A. To sleep B. Sleeping C. Sleep D. Having sleep 9. With a lot of diffi

27、cult problems _, the newly-elected president is having a hard time. (2002年上海春季高考年上海春季高考) A. settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settledA C 精選ppt10. She will tell us why she feels so strongly that each of us has a role _ in making the earth a better place to live. (2003上海春季高考上海春季高考) A. to have

28、played B. to play C. to be played D. to be playing11. In order to gain a bigger share in the international market, many state-run companies are trying _ their products more competitive. (2002上海春季高考上海春季高考) A. to make B. making C. to have made D. having madeB A 精選ppt12. The teacher asked us _ so much

29、noise. (2003北京春季高考北京春季高考) A. dont make B. not make C. not making D. not to make13. All these gifts must be mailed immediately _ in time for Christmas. (05年遼寧卷年遼寧卷) A. in order to have received B. in order to receive C. so as to be received D. so as to be receivingD C 精選ppt 14. I would love _ to the

30、party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report. A. to go B. having gone C. going D. to have gone15. Robert is said _ abroad, but I dont know what country he studied in. A. to have studied B. to study C. to be study D. to have been studying16. It is said in Australia there is more

31、land than the government knows _. A. what to do with it B. what to do it with C. what to do with D. to do what with itD A A 精選ppt17. Quite a few people used to believe that disaster _ if a mirror was broken. A. was sure of striking B. was sure of having struck C. was sure to be struck D. was sure to

32、 strike18. John was made _ the truck for a week as a punishment. A. to wash B. washing C. wash D. to be washing19. She reached the top of the hill and stopped _ on a big rock by the side of the path.A. to have rested B. resting C. to rest D. restD A C 精選ppt20. Last summer I took a course on _. how t

33、o make dresses B. how dresses be made C. how to be made dresses D. how dresses to be made21. The patient was warned _ oily food after the operation.A. to eat not B. eating not C. not to eat D. not eat22. The flu is believed _ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and t

34、hroat. (04) A. causing B. being caused C. to be caused D. to have causedA C C 23. To fetch water before breakfast seemed to be a rule _. A. to never break B. never to be broken C. never to have broken D. never to be breaking24. The tools in the workshop are not allowed _. A. taking out B. to take ou

35、t C. to be taken out D. being taken outB C 25. The dam _ by the year 2012, will benefit the whole country. A. being completed B. to complete C. completed D. to be completed26. Here we found little snow, as most of it seemed _ blown off the mountain. A. to have been B. to be C. that it was D. that it

36、 had beenD A 27. He said such a thing ought _ to happen. A. to be not allowed B. not to be allowing C. not to have allowed D. not to be allowed28. She told me that her proposal needed _ into consideration. A. to take B. to be taken C. to be taking D. to have takenD B 29. The local health organizatio

37、n is reported _ twenty-five years ago when Dr. Adm became its first president. A. to be set up B. being set up C. to have been set up D. having been set upC 30. Large sums of money _ each year in painting the steelwork of bridges, ships, and other exposed structures. A. have spent B. have to be spent C. have to spend D. spendB 1. I feel greatly honored _ into their society. (2008北京卷北京卷) A. to welcome B. welcoming C. to be welcomed D. welcomed高考鏈接高考鏈接C 2.