Freight Forwarding Englishunit 6

1、 Unit Six Documentary Credit ()（新內(nèi)容）（新內(nèi)容）（一）基本要求（一）基本要求了解：了解：Basic Contents of an L/C and Basic Procedure of a Documentary Letter of Credit熟悉：熟悉：Definition, Characteristics of Settlement by L/C掌握：掌握：Parties to an L/C, Types of Letters of Credit（二）考試內(nèi)容：（二）考試內(nèi)容：1. Definition 2. Parties to an L/C 3. Ba

2、sic Contents of an L/C 4. Basic Procedure of a Documentary Letter of Credit 5. Characteristics of Settlement by L/C6. Types of Letters of CreditA letter of credit ( L/C, or credit ) is the written(書面的，書面的，成文的成文的 ) promise(約定，保證約定，保證 ) of a bank to act at the request and on the instruction of the app

3、licant (申請(qǐng)申請(qǐng)人人)and to undertake payment to the beneficiary(受益人受益人) in the amount specified in the credit, provide that the beneficiary complies with the terms and conditions(條條款款) of the credit.注釋：注釋：at the request of : 應(yīng)應(yīng)(某人某人)的請(qǐng)求的請(qǐng)求 on the instruction of: 憑憑(某人某人)的指示的指示 specify: 指定，詳列指定，詳列 ，規(guī)定，規(guī)定

4、provide ( that ): 假若，規(guī)定假若，規(guī)定 comply with: 依從，服從，遵從依從，服從，遵從翻譯：信用證是指銀行應(yīng)申請(qǐng)人的要求和其指示開(kāi)立的承諾翻譯：信用證是指銀行應(yīng)申請(qǐng)人的要求和其指示開(kāi)立的承諾在受益人履行信用證條款后按信用證規(guī)定的金額付款給受益在受益人履行信用證條款后按信用證規(guī)定的金額付款給受益人的書面保證文件。人的書面保證文件。 二二.Parties to an L/C 信信用證的有關(guān)各方當(dāng)事人用證的有關(guān)各方當(dāng)事人(考試重點(diǎn)考試重點(diǎn))There are many parties involved in the L/C operation. They are the

5、 applicant, issuing bank, advising bank, beneficiary, negotiating bank, and so on.注釋：注釋：operation: 操作，運(yùn)作操作，運(yùn)作 negotiating bank: 議付銀行議付銀行翻譯：信用證操作過(guò)程中涉及到許多當(dāng)事人翻譯：信用證操作過(guò)程中涉及到許多當(dāng)事人(方方)，他，他們是申請(qǐng)人，開(kāi)證銀行，通知銀行，受益人，議付們是申請(qǐng)人，開(kāi)證銀行，通知銀行，受益人，議付銀行等銀行等1、Applicant(申請(qǐng)人申請(qǐng)人)英文定義：英文定義：An applicant is the party that applies

6、to a bank for opening a letter of credit. An applicant may also be called “opener” or “accountee”. It is usually the buyer or importer in a contract.注釋：注釋：apply to: 向向申請(qǐng)或要求申請(qǐng)或要求 open a letter of credit: 開(kāi)立信用證開(kāi)立信用證 opener: 申請(qǐng)開(kāi)證人申請(qǐng)開(kāi)證人 accountee: 開(kāi)證申請(qǐng)人開(kāi)證申請(qǐng)人翻譯：申請(qǐng)人是指向銀行申請(qǐng)開(kāi)立信用證的一方。申翻譯：申請(qǐng)人是指向銀行申請(qǐng)開(kāi)立信用證的一方。申

7、請(qǐng)人也稱請(qǐng)人也稱“申請(qǐng)開(kāi)證人申請(qǐng)開(kāi)證人”或或“開(kāi)證申請(qǐng)人開(kāi)證申請(qǐng)人”。通常是。通常是合同中的買方或進(jìn)口商。合同中的買方或進(jìn)口商。2、Issuing bank (開(kāi)證行開(kāi)證行)英文定義：英文定義：An issuing bank refers to the bank that issues a letter of credit at the request of the applicant, and is responsible for payment of the proceeds (貨款，收益貨款，收益)under an L/C if the terms and conditions of t

8、he credit are complied with.注釋：注釋：refer to: 指的是指的是 be responsible for: 對(duì)對(duì)負(fù)有責(zé)任，對(duì)負(fù)有責(zé)任，對(duì)負(fù)負(fù)責(zé)責(zé) 翻譯：開(kāi)證行應(yīng)申請(qǐng)人要求開(kāi)立信用證的銀行，并在翻譯：開(kāi)證行應(yīng)申請(qǐng)人要求開(kāi)立信用證的銀行，并在信用證條款履行后負(fù)責(zé)支付信用證項(xiàng)下的款項(xiàng)。信用證條款履行后負(fù)責(zé)支付信用證項(xiàng)下的款項(xiàng)。3、Advising bank (通知行通知行)英文原文：英文原文：An advising bank is usually a bank in the sellers country. Of course, it may also be in

9、a third country. Upon instructions and entrustment of the issuing bank, the advising bank advises the beneficiary of the L/C.注釋：注釋：third country: 第三國(guó)家第三國(guó)家 entrustment: 委托委托翻譯：通知行通常是賣方所在國(guó)銀行，也可在第三國(guó)翻譯：通知行通常是賣方所在國(guó)銀行，也可在第三國(guó)家。憑開(kāi)證行的指示和委托，通知受益人相關(guān)信用證家。憑開(kāi)證行的指示和委托，通知受益人相關(guān)信用證事宜。事宜。4、Beneficiary (受益人受益人)英文定義：英文定

10、義：A beneficiary refers to the party in whose favor an L/C is opened and which should comply with the terms and conditions of the credit in order to receive the proceeds. It usually refers to the seller, the exporter.注釋：注釋：in sb. favor：對(duì)某人有利，以某人為受益：對(duì)某人有利，以某人為受益人人翻譯：受益人是指信用證受益一方，需按信用證翻譯：受益人是指信用證受益一方，需

11、按信用證條款履行義務(wù)以獲得付款。通常是指的賣方，或條款履行義務(wù)以獲得付款。通常是指的賣方，或出口商。出口商。5、Negotiating bank 議付銀行議付銀行英文原文：英文原文：A negotiating bank is the bank that negotiates the beneficiarys draft(s). It may be the advising bank or another bank authorized to negotiate the documents. If there is no specific stipulation in the L/C, the

12、exporter may present the documentary draft (跟單匯票跟單匯票)to any bank that is able to do the negotiation.注釋：注釋：draft: 匯票，付款通知單匯票，付款通知單 be authorized to: 有權(quán)做有權(quán)做，被允許，被允許 stipulation: 不可數(shù)不可數(shù)規(guī)定規(guī)定; 可數(shù)可數(shù)條款條款, 條件條件 翻譯：議付行是對(duì)受益人匯票進(jìn)行議付的銀行。議付行翻譯：議付行是對(duì)受益人匯票進(jìn)行議付的銀行。議付行可以是通知行或者其他有權(quán)議付單證的銀行。如果信用可以是通知行或者其他有權(quán)議付單證的銀行。如果信用證

13、中無(wú)特殊規(guī)定，出口商可以向任何銀行提交跟單匯票證中無(wú)特殊規(guī)定，出口商可以向任何銀行提交跟單匯票進(jìn)行議付。進(jìn)行議付。其他當(dāng)事人：保兌行其他當(dāng)事人：保兌行（confirming bankconfirming bank）付款行付款行(Paying bank(Paying bank，drawee bank) drawee bank) 指定行指定行( Nominated bankNominated bank)英文原文：An L/C can be opened by mail, by cable(電報(bào) ), or by SWIFT. Although there are no uniform forms

14、covering an L/C, their contents are basically the same. 注釋： SWIFT ( Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication) ：環(huán)球銀行間金融電訊協(xié)會(huì) uniform form: 統(tǒng)一格式 翻譯：信用證可以通過(guò)郵件，電報(bào)以及SWIFT格式開(kāi)立。盡管信用證沒(méi)有統(tǒng)一的格式，但其內(nèi)容基本一樣。 英文原文：They include all the important terms and conditions of the sales contract signed by

15、the two parties: documents required, the bankers undertaking clauses, and any special conditions in the L/C. 注釋：documents required: 單證要求 banker: 銀行 clause: 條款 翻譯：這些基本內(nèi)容包括所有買賣方雙方簽署的合同中的重要條款：?jiǎn)巫C要求，銀行保證條款，以及其他信用證的特別規(guī)定。四、跟單信用證的基本程續(xù)四、跟單信用證的基本程續(xù)(考試重點(diǎn)考試重點(diǎn)) 三個(gè)基本步驟：三個(gè)基本步驟：1、issuance of the L/C 信用證開(kāi)立信用證開(kāi)立英文原文：

16、英文原文：The process （ 過(guò)程，程序過(guò)程，程序 ）of a buyer applying for and opening a documentary credit at the issuing bank, and the issuing banks notification（ 通知，通知通知，通知書書 ） of the L/C to the seller through the advising bank. 翻譯：翻譯：信用證開(kāi)立是買方向開(kāi)證行申請(qǐng)開(kāi)立信用信用證開(kāi)立是買方向開(kāi)證行申請(qǐng)開(kāi)立信用證，通過(guò)通知行向賣方發(fā)出開(kāi)證行開(kāi)證通知證，通過(guò)通知行向賣方發(fā)出開(kāi)證行開(kāi)證通知。2、Amend

17、ment to the L/C if necessary 如需對(duì)信用證進(jìn)行修改如需對(duì)信用證進(jìn)行修改英文原文：英文原文：The process whereby the terms and conditions of a documentary credit may be modified after the credit has been issued. 注釋：注釋：amendment: 修正修正, 改正改正, 修訂修訂 whereby: 因此，為何，由此因此，為何，由此 modify: 變更，修改變更，修改翻譯：在信用證開(kāi)立后如需對(duì)跟單信用證的條翻譯：在信用證開(kāi)立后如需對(duì)跟單信用證的條款進(jìn)行更

18、改需進(jìn)行信用證的修改。款進(jìn)行更改需進(jìn)行信用證的修改。3、Utilization and settlement 使用和支付使用和支付英文原文：英文原文：The process whereby the seller ships the goods, transfers the documents from the seller to the buyer through banks, and transfers the proceeds from the buyer to the seller through banks in different ways (the settlement). 翻譯：

19、這一過(guò)程是賣方裝運(yùn)貨物，將單證通過(guò)翻譯：這一過(guò)程是賣方裝運(yùn)貨物，將單證通過(guò)因銀行轉(zhuǎn)讓給買方，并且再由買方通過(guò)銀行向因銀行轉(zhuǎn)讓給買方，并且再由買方通過(guò)銀行向賣方通過(guò)各種途徑付款。賣方通過(guò)各種途徑付款。 5. Characteristics of Settlement by L/C The issuing bank has the primary liabilities for payment;開(kāi)證行承擔(dān)第一性付款責(zé)任開(kāi)證行承擔(dān)第一性付款責(zé)任銀行銀行信用；信用；An L/C is a self-sufficient instrument（自足文（自足文件）件）;信用證是一種自足文件信用證是一種自足

20、文件不依附于貿(mào)不依附于貿(mào)易合同而獨(dú)立存在；易合同而獨(dú)立存在；It is simply a document transaction.信用證業(yè)信用證業(yè)務(wù)是純單據(jù)業(yè)務(wù)務(wù)是純單據(jù)業(yè)務(wù)處理的是單據(jù)而不是貨物處理的是單據(jù)而不是貨物 The relevant parties deal with documents only, rather than with the goods or services（銀行處理的是單據(jù)，而不是銀行處理的是單據(jù)，而不是單據(jù)所涉及的貨物、服單據(jù)所涉及的貨物、服務(wù)）務(wù)）.If the goods do not conform to the documents after the

21、 applicant pays the issuing bank, the applicant can only take this matter up with the defaulting parties（違約（違約方）方）. It has nothing to do with the bank. On the contrary, if the goods are in order, but the document are not correct, the issuing bank and the applicant have the right to refuse to pay the

22、 seller.六、信用證的類型六、信用證的類型(考試重點(diǎn)考試重點(diǎn)) 信用證根據(jù)環(huán)境可分為許多種類型，一種信用證同時(shí)信用證根據(jù)環(huán)境可分為許多種類型，一種信用證同時(shí)可能有不同的特征?？赡苡胁煌奶卣鳌?. Documentary Credits vs. Clean Credits 跟單信用證與光票信用證跟單信用證與光票信用證英文原文：英文原文：If shipping documents are required, these credits are called documentary credits. If shipping documents are not required and onl

23、y drafts are required, they are called clean credits.注釋：注釋：documentary credit: 跟單信用證跟單信用證 clean credit: 光票信用證光票信用證翻譯：如果信用證附帶有裝運(yùn)單據(jù)，則稱為跟單信用證。如果翻譯：如果信用證附帶有裝運(yùn)單據(jù)，則稱為跟單信用證。如果信用證不附帶單據(jù)僅附帶匯票，則稱為光票信用證。信用證不附帶單據(jù)僅附帶匯票，則稱為光票信用證。2. Irrevocable Documentary Credits 不可撤銷信用證不可撤銷信用證英文原文：英文原文：Irrevocable credits means t

24、hat once the L/C is opened, it cannot be cancelled or amended within its term of validity without the agreement of the issuing bank, the confirming bank, if any, and the beneficiary. 注釋：注釋：irrevocable: 不能撤銷的不能撤銷的, 不能恢復(fù)的不能恢復(fù)的 once: 一旦一旦 term of validity: 有效期有效期 agreement: 同意同意翻譯：不可撤銷信用證是指信用證一旦開(kāi)立，在有翻譯

25、：不可撤銷信用證是指信用證一旦開(kāi)立，在有效期內(nèi)未經(jīng)開(kāi)證行，保兌行以及受益人的同意不得效期內(nèi)未經(jīng)開(kāi)證行，保兌行以及受益人的同意不得撤銷和更改的信用證。撤銷和更改的信用證。3.Confirmed vs. Unconfirmed Credits 保兌信用證與不保兌信用證保兌信用證與不保兌信用證英文原文：英文原文：Under irrevocable documentary credits, depending on whether there is another bank in addition to that of the issuing bank undertaking to pay, an i

26、rrevocable letter of credit can be either a confirmed or unconfirmed L/C. If a credit is not confirmed by another bank, it is an unconfirmed L/C.注釋：注釋：confirmed credit: 保兌信用證保兌信用證 unconfirmed credit: 不保兌信用證不保兌信用證 depend on: 依賴，取決于依賴，取決于 in addition to: 除除之外之外 undertake to do: 承擔(dān)，承諾承擔(dān)，承諾 eitheror: 不是

27、不是.就是就是, 或或.翻譯：不可撤銷信用證是否為保兌信用證，取決于是否存在除了翻譯：不可撤銷信用證是否為保兌信用證，取決于是否存在除了開(kāi)證行以外的另外一家銀行也承諾付款，不可撤銷信用證可以是開(kāi)證行以外的另外一家銀行也承諾付款，不可撤銷信用證可以是保兌或者不保兌信用證。如果信用證無(wú)其他銀行保兌，則它是不保兌或者不保兌信用證。如果信用證無(wú)其他銀行保兌，則它是不保兌信用證。保兌信用證。英文原文：英文原文： The undertaking to pay is the sole (唯一的唯一的 )responsibility of the issuing bank. An irrevocable co

28、nfirmed documentary credit is one that contains the guarantee of payment to the beneficiary by both the issuing bank and confirming bank so long as the terms and conditions of the credit are met.注釋：注釋：contain: 包含，容納包含，容納 guarantee: 保證，擔(dān)保，擔(dān)保書保證，擔(dān)保，擔(dān)保書 so long as: 只要只要 met (meet的過(guò)去分詞的過(guò)去分詞)：滿足：滿足翻譯：開(kāi)證行

29、唯一的責(zé)任是付款。不可撤銷保兌信翻譯：開(kāi)證行唯一的責(zé)任是付款。不可撤銷保兌信用證即只要滿足了信用證條款的要求，開(kāi)證行和保用證即只要滿足了信用證條款的要求，開(kāi)證行和保兌行都可擔(dān)保向受兌行都可擔(dān)保向受 益人履行付款義務(wù)。益人履行付款義務(wù)。4. Sight Credits vs. Time Credits 即期信用證與遠(yuǎn)期信用證即期信用證與遠(yuǎn)期信用證1)即期信用證即期信用證英文原文：英文原文：Sight credits mean that the issuing bank or its nominated bank effects payment or negotiation immediately

30、 upon receipt of the drafts and/or other documents that are in conformity with the stipulations(條條款，條件款，條件 ) of the L/C, such as a sight payment credit and sight negotiation credit.注釋：注釋：effect payment: 履行付款履行付款, 支付款項(xiàng)支付款項(xiàng) effect negotiation: 進(jìn)行議付進(jìn)行議付 upon receipt of: 一旦收到一旦收到(on receipt of: 當(dāng)收到當(dāng)收到的的

31、時(shí)候時(shí)候) in conformity with: 和和一致，和一致，和符合符合 sight payment credit: 即期付款信用證即期付款信用證 sight negotiation credit: 即期議付信用證即期議付信用證翻譯：即期信用證是指開(kāi)證行或者其他指定銀行一旦收到與信翻譯：即期信用證是指開(kāi)證行或者其他指定銀行一旦收到與信用證條款相符的匯票或者其他單據(jù)后立即履行付款義務(wù)或進(jìn)行用證條款相符的匯票或者其他單據(jù)后立即履行付款義務(wù)或進(jìn)行議付的信用證，比如即期付款信用證和即期議付信用證議付的信用證，比如即期付款信用證和即期議付信用證2) 遠(yuǎn)期信用證遠(yuǎn)期信用證英文原文：英文原文：A time credit incl