句子成分與基本句型

1、句子成分與基本句型句子成分與基本句型Sentence elements and basic sentence patterns基本句型基本句型 主語主語 + + 不及物動(dòng)詞不及物動(dòng)詞 The sun is rising.The sun is rising. 主語主語 + + 及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞 + + 賓語賓語 He can play the violin.He can play the violin. 主語主語 + + 系動(dòng)詞系動(dòng)詞 + + 表語表語 Mr. Brown is an engineer.Mr. Brown is an engineer. 主語主語 + + 及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞 + +

2、 間接賓語間接賓語 + + 直接直接 賓語賓語基本句型基本句型 He handed me a letter. 主語主語 + + 及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞 + + 賓語賓語 + + 賓語補(bǔ)足賓語補(bǔ)足語語 He founded his new job boring.句子成分句子成分 組成句子的各個(gè)部分叫句子成分。句子成組成句子的各個(gè)部分叫句子成分。句子成分有：主語、謂語、表語、賓語（直接賓分有：主語、謂語、表語、賓語（直接賓語和間接賓語）、賓語補(bǔ)足語、定語和狀語和間接賓語）、賓語補(bǔ)足語、定語和狀語。語。 主語：表示所說的是主語：表示所說的是“什么什么”或或“誰誰”，通常由名詞、代詞或相當(dāng)于名詞功能的詞、通

3、常由名詞、代詞或相當(dāng)于名詞功能的詞、短語或從句充當(dāng)，一般位于句首。短語或從句充當(dāng)，一般位于句首。 The baby is sleeping. 謂語：謂語： 說明主語的動(dòng)作、特征或狀態(tài)，由說明主語的動(dòng)作、特征或狀態(tài)，由動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語充當(dāng)，通常位于主語之后。動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語充當(dāng)，通常位于主語之后。 He lives here. They want to ask you some questions. 表語：表語： 說明主語的性質(zhì)、特征、身份或狀說明主語的性質(zhì)、特征、身份或狀態(tài)等，可由名詞、形容詞、介詞短語充當(dāng)。態(tài)等，可由名詞、形容詞、介詞短語充當(dāng)。 He is a lawyer. 賓語：是及物動(dòng)詞所

4、表示的動(dòng)作的對(duì)象或賓語：是及物動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作的對(duì)象或介詞的對(duì)象，常由名詞、代詞或相當(dāng)于名介詞的對(duì)象，常由名詞、代詞或相當(dāng)于名詞或代詞的詞和短語充當(dāng)，一般位于謂語詞或代詞的詞和短語充當(dāng)，一般位于謂語動(dòng)詞或介詞之后。動(dòng)詞或介詞之后。 Will you attend the meeting ? 直接賓語和間接賓語直接賓語和間接賓語: 指物的是直接賓語，指物的是直接賓語，指人的是間接賓語。指人的是間接賓語。 My uncle gave me a birthday present. 補(bǔ)語補(bǔ)語 The bad news made her sad. 定語定語 The blue shirt looks ni

5、ce. The bike under the tree is mine. The boy who is in red is Jack. 狀語狀語 Dont speak so fast. The wind was blowing hard when he came home.Unit2Unit3詞組辨析 辨析辨析 besides, except for 和和apart from besides= in addition to “除除.以外，（還，以外，（還，也）；著重于指另外還有。也）；著重于指另外還有。 apart from “除除.之外之外”， 它即可用作它即可用作besides,也可用作也

6、可用作except 和和except for. Besides English, they also study math, physics and chemistry. Your composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes. Apart from them , I had no one to talk to. Apart from other considerations, time is also a factor. 辨析 keen 和anxious keen :渴望的；熱心的 be keen on anxious: 急切的

7、 He is keen on stamp collecting. He is keen to have a look at the Great Wall. We were keen about going to the picnic. Im anxious about the parcel because it hasnt arrived 1. require + 名詞名詞/動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)名詞. The plan requires careful thought. The room requires a general cleaning Require 2. require + 從句，從句， 從句的謂語常用從句的謂語常用should+動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞原形原形 He required that we (should) work all night. 3. require + 名詞名詞 + of + 名名/代詞代詞 What do you require of