中考英語被動語態(tài)復(fù)習(xí)課件

1、festival.swf被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)專項專項復(fù)習(xí)復(fù)習(xí)天王鎮(zhèn)初級中學(xué)天王鎮(zhèn)初級中學(xué) 李藝偉李藝偉課前熱身課前熱身 Read the words about chores clean my bedroom wash clothes cook meals 做飯做飯 water flowers take out the trash do the dishes make ones bed Read and answer1.- Who cleans your bedroom at your home? - My bedroom is cleaned by my mother/ myself.2.- W

2、ho washes your clothes? - My clothes are washed by my mother/ myself/washing machine. 洗衣機洗衣機 Read and answer3.- Who cooks meals at your home? - The meals are cooked by my mother/ me.4.- Who waters flowers at your home? -The flowers are watered by my father Read and answer5.- Who takes out the trash

3、at your home? - The trash is taken out by my mother/ myself.6.- Who does the dishes at your home? -The dishes are done by my father7.- Who makes your bed at your home? -My bed is made by myself. Report(報告報告) In my family， my bedroom is cleaned by myself， The trash is taken out by me and my bed is ma

4、de by myself ，But other chores are done by my parents. 被動語態(tài)基本用法被動語態(tài)基本用法當(dāng)句子的當(dāng)句子的主語主語是動作的是動作的執(zhí)行者執(zhí)行者時，時，謂語的形式是謂語的形式是主動語態(tài)主動語態(tài)。當(dāng)句子的。當(dāng)句子的主語是動作的主語是動作的承受者承受者時，謂語要用時，謂語要用被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)。被動語態(tài)由助動詞。被動語態(tài)由助動詞be+過去分詞過去分詞構(gòu)成，時態(tài)通過構(gòu)成，時態(tài)通過be表現(xiàn)出表現(xiàn)出來。來。He plants trees in spring. 主謂賓(受動者)Treesare planted byhim將主動語態(tài)改為被動語態(tài)in sprin

5、g.Tom will clean the room tomorrow.主主謂謂賓賓(受動者受動者)The room will be cleanedby Tom tomorrow.His brother washes bowls every day.主主謂謂賓賓(受動者受動者)Bowls are washed byhis brother every day. 把主動語態(tài)改為被動語態(tài)可按把主動語態(tài)改為被動語態(tài)可按“ 、 、 ”來進行。即：來進行。即： 變變-把主動語態(tài)的賓語改為被動語態(tài)的主語，把把主動語態(tài)的賓語改為被動語態(tài)的主語，把主動語態(tài)的主語改為被動語態(tài)的介詞主動語態(tài)的主語改為被動語態(tài)的介詞b

6、y的賓語。的賓語。套套-根據(jù)原句的時態(tài)套用相應(yīng)時態(tài)。根據(jù)原句的時態(tài)套用相應(yīng)時態(tài)。注意注意-注意人稱的變化而引起的主謂一致問題。注意人稱的變化而引起的主謂一致問題。 例：例：Many people speak English. English _ by many people. He washed his shoes yesterday. His shoes _by him yesterday.is spokenwere washed一變一變二套二套三注意三注意主動語態(tài)主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時S+V(原形原形)/ V(e)s S+am/is/are +Vpp一般過去時一般過去

7、時S+V-ed/ madeS+was/were +Vpp一般將來時一般將來時S+will +V(原形原形)S+will+ be +Vpp含情態(tài)動詞含情態(tài)動詞S+情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞+ V(原形原形)S+情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞+ be +Vpp現(xiàn)在進行時現(xiàn)在進行時S+is/am/are+v-ingS+is/am/are+being+vpp過去進行時過去進行時S+was/were+v-ingS+was/were+being+vpp現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時S+have/has+v(過去分詞過去分詞)S+have/has+been+vpp過去完成時過去完成時S+had+vppS+had+been+vpp各種時態(tài)的主

8、動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)各種時態(tài)的主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài) 何時使用被動語態(tài)呢？何時使用被動語態(tài)呢？ 一、行為主體不明確，不必說出或者無法一、行為主體不明確，不必說出或者無法說出動作的執(zhí)行者時。例如：說出動作的執(zhí)行者時。例如： Football is played all over the world 二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到動作的二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到動作的執(zhí)行者時。例如：執(zhí)行者時。例如： My bike was stolen我的自行車被盜了。我的自行車被盜了。 精講點撥三、漢語中含有三、漢語中含有“據(jù)說據(jù)說”、“據(jù)悉據(jù)悉”、“有有人說人說”、“大家說大家說”等時。例如：等時。例如： It

9、is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house and It was reported that her mother died of SARS.眾所周知眾所周知 It is well known that 據(jù)推測說據(jù)推測說 It is supposed that 四、漢語中含有四、漢語中含有“被被”、“由由”等詞時。等詞時。例如：例如： Tina is asked to come by PaulTina是被是被Paul叫來的。叫來的。五、某些句子習(xí)慣上用被動語態(tài)。例如：五、某些句子習(xí)慣上用被動語態(tài)。例如： He was born i

10、n October，1989 一些使役動詞一些使役動詞(let, have, make等)或感官動詞或感官動詞(see, hear,watch,notice等)在主動語態(tài)中后面接的在主動語態(tài)中后面接的動詞不動詞不定式定式不帶不帶to，但改為，但改為被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)時，一定帶時，一定帶to。如：。如：A.The boss makes the workers work 18 hours a day. (變被動語態(tài)) The workers are made to work 18 hours a day by the boss.B.I saw him enter the house. 變被動語態(tài) H

11、e was seen to enter the house by me.C.The teacher let them leave the classroom after class. (變被動語態(tài)) They were let to leave the classroom by the teacher after class. 拓展提升當(dāng)使用當(dāng)使用see/hear/watch sb see/hear/watch sb do do sth.sth.時，變?yōu)楸粫r，變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，動語態(tài)時，do do 前要帶前要帶toto。而當(dāng)使用而當(dāng)使用see/hear/watch sb see/hear/wat

12、ch sb doing doing sthsth時，變時，變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，為被動語態(tài)時，doingdoing保持不變保持不變。如：。如：1. We hear her sing in the room every day.（變被動語態(tài)） She _ in the room every day.2. I saw him going into the shop.(主動語態(tài)) He _ into the shop.(被動語態(tài)) to singwas seen goingis heard主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)使役動詞make sb. do sth.sb. be made to do sth.have sb.

13、do sth.sb. be had to do sth.let sb. do sth.sb. be let to do sth.感觀動詞see sb. do sth.sb. be seen to do sth.watch sb. do sth.sb. be watched to do sth.hear sb. do sth.sb. be heard to do sth.notice sb. do sth.sb. be noticed to do sth.go 漢譯英：我們國家把老人照顧得很好。漢譯英：我們國家把老人照顧得很好。Old people _ in our country.are ta

14、ken care of也可填也可填 are looked after 在主動語態(tài)中某些謂語動詞是短語動詞，要將短語在主動語態(tài)中某些謂語動詞是短語動詞，要將短語動詞視為一個整體，變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時我們不能丟掉其后動詞視為一個整體，變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時我們不能丟掉其后的介詞或副詞。的介詞或副詞。(1)這幾年這幾年,我們家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了巨大的變化。我們家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了巨大的變化。Great changes in my hometown over the years. (2)吉姆昨天發(fā)生了車禍。吉姆昨天發(fā)生了車禍。_(3)如果你努力的話，你會實現(xiàn)夢想的。如果你努力的話，你會實現(xiàn)夢想的。If you work hard, y

15、our dream will _. 1. 有些不及物動詞和短語無被動語態(tài)，用主動語態(tài)表達被有些不及物動詞和短語無被動語態(tài)，用主動語態(tài)表達被動的意思。如：動的意思。如：happen, take place, come true, come out, last, run out(用完用完)等。翻譯句子：等。翻譯句子：(1). This pen _. 這支筆這支筆好寫。好寫。 (2). The jeans_ . 這條牛仔褲這條牛仔褲好洗好洗。 (3). The apples _ and _ . 這些蘋果這些蘋果聞起來很香聞起來很香，賣得好賣得好/好賣好賣。 (4). Everything _ in

16、spring. 春季萬物都春季萬物都生長得很好生長得很好。2.少數(shù)動詞后面有副詞少數(shù)動詞后面有副詞well 的時候也不用被動語態(tài)的時候也不用被動語態(tài) 。 （ 如：如：write well , wash well , sell well , grow well ）系動詞也不用于被動語態(tài)。（如：系動詞也不用于被動語態(tài)。（如：look看起來，看起來，sound聽起來，聽起來，feel摸起來，摸起來，smell聞起來，聞起來，taste嘗起來）嘗起來） （不用（不用is written）（不用（不用 are washed）漢譯英：這家商店早晨八點開始營業(yè)，晚漢譯英：這家商店早晨八點開始營業(yè)，晚上十點停

17、止營業(yè)。上十點停止營業(yè)。The shop _ at 8 oclock a.m. and _ at ten p.m. 1.People use knives for cutting things.Knives _ _ for cutting things.2.The students clean the windows of their classroom twice a month.The windows of their classroom_ _ twice a month. are usedarecleaned(變被動語態(tài)）變被動語態(tài)）3.I found the ticket on the

18、 floor._ _ _ _ on the floor.4.I told her to return the book in time.She _ _ to return the book in time.The ticket was found was told5. His doctor made him have only two meals a day.He _ _ _ _ only two meals a day.6.Now people can use computers to help them.Now computers _ _ _ to help them. was made to have can be used9. The foreign friends gave us some wonderful stamps.1) _ _ _ some wonderful stamps.2) Some wonderful stamps _ _ _ _. we were given were given to us10.He can mend the bi