園藝專業(yè)英語詞根詞綴_______________________________例__詞

1、詞根詞綴例詞1mno-uni-monocotyledon單子葉植物2dibi-dicotyledon雙子葉植物bisexual兩性的3tri-trifoliate具三小葉的4ter(a)-quadr(u)-dinitrogentetroxide四氧化二氮duadrant四分體5pent-quinqu(e)-pentose戊糖quinquennial五年生的6hex-sex-sextuploid六倍體（的）hexose已糖7hept(a)-septem-heptaploid七倍體（的）septempartite七深裂的8oct(a)-octagynous有八雄蕊的9enn(a)-enneaplo

2、id九倍體的10dec(a)-decameter11hende(a)-12dodec(a)-半semi-hemi-hemiepihyte半匍匐植物semipermeability半透性1/10deci-decimeter分米多mult-multigenic多基因的百hect(o)-hectare公頃（100公畝）百分之一centi-centimeter厘米CentigradeC千分之一milli-milligram(me)毫克萬myria-myriametre萬米Ssulfur-(sulphur-)sulfuricacid硫酸N（硝基）nitri-nitro-nitrousacid亞硝酸Pph

3、osphor-metaphosphoricacid偏磷酸Bboro-bori-boricacid硼酸Ccarb(o)-carbondioxide二氧化碳Ffluori-hydrofluoricacid氫氟酸Clchlori-perchloricacid高氯酸Brbromi-hypobromousacid次澳酸Iiodi-iodide碘化物Feferr-potassiumferrate高鐵酸鉀Cacalc(i)-decalcify脫鈣鼠cyani-cyanicacid氟酸氧化-oxidenitrogendioxide二氧化氮氫氧-hydroxideSodiumhydroxide氫氧化鈉脫-de-

4、deoxy-脫氧-dehydr-脫水；脫氫氨基amid(o)-amino-aminoacid氨基酸甲基meth(o)-methanol甲醇乙基ethyl-ethylene乙烯苯基phenyl-phenylalanine丙氨酸水、氫化-hydr(o)-hydrophyte水生植物超-hyper-ultra-hypersensibility過敏性ultrastructure超微結(jié)構(gòu)最高、頂點acr(o)-acropetal向頂?shù)目諝鈇er(o)-aer(i)-aerobic好氣的aerialroot氣生根花anthflor-anther花藥inflorescence花序果實carp-(o)part

5、henocarpy單性結(jié)實莖cauli-caulo-cauliflower花椰菜葉foli-phyll(o)-phylloxanthinfoliagebud葉芽根rhiz(o)-rhizobia根瘤菌細胞cyt(o)-cytology細胞學(xué)生態(tài)ec(o)-ecology生態(tài)學(xué)生命、生物bio-biosynthesis生物合成顏色chrom(o)-chromosome染色體皮、外層dermdermatoplasm胞壁質(zhì)-酶-aseazotase固氮酶運動kine-kinetin激動素脂肪的lip(o)-lipoid類脂化合物大、長macro(o)-meg(a)-macrostylous長花柱的m

6、egaspore大抱子小micro-microscope顯微鏡個體onto-ontogeny個體發(fā)生卵ov(o)-ov(i)ovary子房光photo-photosynthesis光合作用鹽sali-salinization鹽漬化毒toxic(o)-toxin是系蔓viti-viticulture葡萄栽培成對、接合zyg(o)-zygote合子異-allo-allodiploid異源二倍體heter-heterophyte異養(yǎng)植物同-homo-homolog同源染色體龍t-andro-androeciua雄蕊雌-gyn-gynoecia雌蕊隱-crypto-cryptogam隱花植物糖glyc

7、o-glycolysis糖酵解上-epi-epicotyl上胚軸下-hypo-hypodermis卜表皮同-iso-isoenzyme同功酶核karyo-karyomixis核融合中-mes-mesocarp中果皮寡-少-oligo-oligosaccharide低聚糖周-peri-peridrem周皮植物phyto-phytocoenosium植物群落原-proto-protophloem原生韌皮部假-pseu-pseudaxis假軸殺-劑-cidepesticide殺蟲劑園藝學(xué)相關(guān)科技文獻中常出現(xiàn)的詞匯一、植物名稱（一）果樹殊猴桃kiwifruit菠蘿pineapple菠蘿蜜jackfru

8、it楊梅arbutus檳榔areca櫻桃cherry油桃nectarine板粟chestnut橄欖olive椰子coconut李plum蟠桃flatpeach金桔cumquat銀杏gingko榛子hazelnut山核桃pecan胡桃walnut荔枝litchi枇杷loquat桂圓longan山楂maythorn、hawthorn桃peach梨pear檳榔pinang根槨quince柿persimmon、Chinesefig棗Chinesejujub椰棗datecitrus杏apricot橙Chinaorange檸檬lemon柚pomelo(pumelo)、shaddock蒲桃柚grapefru

9、it臍橙navelorange油梨avocado尢花果fig石榴pomegranate草售strawberry黑每blackberry懸鉤子raspberry大楊莓loganberry(羅甘莓)露莓dewberry(atypeofblackberry)博伊森莓Boysenberry(atypeofblackberry)越橘blueberry(cranberryisatypeofblueberry)接骨木elderberry醋栗gooseberry腰果acajou、elephant'stick楊桃carambola芒果mango桑mulberry山定子Siberiancrabapple番

10、木瓜papaya阿月渾子pistachio仁果類pome堅果類nut漿果類berry核果類drupe、stonefruits（二）蔬菜芥菜blindweed百合lily豆科植物legume菜豆bean黃莢種菜豆waxbean食莢菜豆snapbean綠豆mungbean赤豆smallredbean或豆stringbean、cowpea刀豆swordbean扁豆hyacinthbean、dolichos蠶豆broadbean菜豆limabean白蓿alfalfa、medick蘆薈aloe蘆筍asparagus葫蘆科植物cucurbit苦瓜balsampearbittercucumber佛手瓜cha

11、yote美洲南瓜pumpkin中國南瓜squashE吸南瓜wintersquash、truesqush、giantpumpkin黑籽南瓜malabargourdspongegourd、towelgourd、luffawhite(wax)gourdgourdmelon瓜瓜蘆瓜瓜絲冬萌甜香羅馬香瓜金瓜蛇瓜甜菜茄子辣椒朝天椒胡椒粉牛茅離苣結(jié)球離苣直立離苣甘藍羽衣甘藍抱子甘藍球莖甘藍芥藍大白菜芹菜香椿山藥蘿卜細香蔥洋蔥芋茴香木耳銀耳茴蒿大蒜生姜藕枸杞地瓜muskmeloncantaloupemarrow?serpentmelonbeeteggpantpepperconepepperchilliblac

12、kpepper(來自漿果)、whitepepper(來自種子)burdocklettuceheadlettucecos(romaine)lettucecabbagekale(collard)BrusselssproutkohlrabikailanChinesecabbageceleryChinesemahoganyyamradishchiveoniondasheentaro(sweet)fennelblackfunguswhitefungusgarlandgarlicgingerlotusmatrimonypachyrhizus韭韭蔥韭黃菊苣薄荷菊芋菱白竹筍慈姑芫荽胡蘿卜范菜英實辣根空心菜菱花

13、菜青花菜青菜芥菜榨菜雪里敦蘑菇草菇朝鮮薊甘薯蕪菁歐洲防風婆羅門參蕪菁甘藍木薯苣莢菜水芹歐芹豆瓣菜烏塌菜大黃蘆薈金針菜冬寒菜落葵香辛蔬菜Chinesechiveeektenderyellowishleeksuccory、commonchicorybergamotCanadapotatoIndianrice、wildricebambooshootarrowheadwaterchestnutCoriandercarrotedibleamaranthGordoneuryalehorseradishwaterspinach、swampcabbagewatercaltropcauliflowerbrocc

14、oliloose-headChinesecabbagenonheadingChinesecabbagemustardtubermustardpotherbmustardmushroomChinesemushroomartichokesweetpotatoturnipparsnipssalsifyrutabagacassavaendivecress、waterdrop-wortparsleywatercresswu-ta-tasirhubarbaloedaylilypotherbmallowLakuiSpicyvegetables（三）花卉翦股穎早熟禾結(jié)縷草狗牙根鳳仙花三色堇矢車菊雛菊仙人掌鸞鳳

15、玉量天尺令箭荷花景天蟹爪蘭大麗花鶯尾鐵線草美人蕉瓜葉菊盆景蕨類植物唐菖蒲蜀葵金絲桃龍舌蘭萬壽菊水仙花月季一串紅芍藥牡丹報春花馬齒覽晚香玉郁金香紫羅蘭菊花蘭香石竹向日葵茉莉矮牽牛天竺葵bentgrassbluegrassKoreanlawngrass>lawngrassBermudagrassbalsam、impatienslove-in-idlenessbluecornflowerdaisycactusbishops-hoodcommonnightblooming-cereusnopalxochiablushstonecropcrabcactusdahliairisblackmaiden

16、hair(indian)cannacinerariadishgardenferngladiolahollyhockJohn's-wortmagueymarigoldnarcissus、crocusChineserosescarletsage(common)peonymoutanfairyprimrosepurslanetuberosetulipviolet、pansieschrysanthemumorchidcarnationsunflower、turnsolejasminepetuniageranium爬山虎bostonivy石竹dianthus百日草zinnias金魚草snapdr

17、agons蜘蛛抱蛋aspidistra蟆葉海棠assamkingbegonia鶴望蘭bird-of-paradise-flower虎尾蘭bowstring-hemp小蒼蘭commonfreesia仙客米cyclamen含羞草humbleplant風信子hydrangea繡球hydrangea花葉萬年青tuftroot（四）林木巴四木Brazilwood(woodBrazil)南洋杉araucaria側(cè)柏arborvitae白楊aspen山毛棒beech樟樹camphortree海桐Japanesepittosporum茉莉Arabianjasmine迎春winterjasmine蘇鐵cycad

18、榆elm檜juniper鋪地柏creepingjuniper金桔kumquat小萊barberry十大功勞mahonia連翹weepingforsythia法國梧桐orientalplanetree海仙花weigela扶芳藤wintercreppingeuonymus蠟梅wintersweet冬青holly枸骨Chineseholly夾竹桃oleander柳樹osier棕桐(hemp)palm灑金東瀛珊瑚gold-dusttree杜仲eucommia莢迷snowball麻葉鄉(xiāng)球reevesspiraea桎柳tamarisk玉蘭magnoliaconspicus女貞prim、privet香柏ce

19、dar榕樹Indianfig茶花camellia海棠Chineseflowerapple、crabapple垂絲海棠hallcrabapple梅花Japaneseapricot天竺葵geranium長春藤ivy紫藤Chinesewistaria水杉metasequoia松pine南洋杉hooppine五針Japanesewhitepine馬尾松mason-pine濕地松slashpine白皮松bungepine杉fir橡樹oak橡子acorn紫荊redbud杜鵑rhododendron丁香clove楓maple三角楓buergermaple雞爪械Japanesemaple五角楓monomapp

20、le南天竹nandina云杉spruce加洲銀杉hemlock榆葉梅floweringalmond文竹asparagusfern小蠟Chineseprivet女貞glossy石楠Chinesephotinia圓柏Chinesejuniper金絲桃Chinesest.john'swort楓楊Chinesewingnut黃楊Chinesebox榔榆Chineseelm桅子capejasmine忍冬honeysuckle二、栽培矮化栽培dwarfculture矮化砧dwarfstock栽培種cultigen亞種subspecies綁蔓tying保護地栽培protectedcultivatio

21、n催芽acceleratinggermination造林、綠化afforest前茬作物precedingcrop后茬作物subsequentcrop基肥basalmanure追肥aftermanure后熟afterripening無性繁殖agamogenesisasexualreproduction有性生殖gamogenesis、sexualreproduction農(nóng)技立占agriculturalextensionservice(agency)機械化agriculturalmechanization小氣候microclimate塑料薄膜plasticsheeting農(nóng)產(chǎn)品加工agricultu

22、ralprocessing托插cuttage硬枝桿插hardwoodcutting軟枝托插succulentwood移植transplant插條cutting空中壓條airlayering壓條layering沖積的（田）alluvial(field)輪作alternateculture>rotation換在alternatehusbandry施肥量amountoffertilizer降雨量amountofprecipitation、rainfall可耕的arable干燥的arid人工授粉artificialpollination土球栽植ball-and-burlapplant行距betw

23、een-tree(hill、hole)distance株距blanchingculture軟化栽培blooming盛花期blossomandfruitdrop(abscission)落花落果bunchseedingM(播播播球干接接穗木接接接接接穴條撒壟葉主嫁芽接砧劈切舌鞍靠嫁接殺和力密植復(fù)種指數(shù)中耕、栽培短截、回縮促成栽培抑制栽培芽眼定植無霜期溝發(fā)芽率發(fā)芽勢日光溫室集約栽培倒伏年平均溫度根瘤菌草木灰豆莢聚乙烯聚氯乙烯采后的修剪環(huán)剝根篥樹苗疏果種子純度bunchy、ridgedrillbroadcastseedingbunchyridgeheadcentralleadgraftbuddings

24、cionrootstockcleftgraftingcutgrafting、splicewhipandtonguesaddlesidegraftingaffinitycompactplantingcroppingindexcultivationcuttingbackearlyforcingofvegetablesretardcultureeyesetplantfrost-freeperiodfurrowgerminationpercentagegerminatingviabilityheliogreenhouseintensiveculturelodgingmeanannualtemperat

25、urenodulebacteriaplantashpodpolyethylene(PE)polyvinylchloride(PVC)postharvestprunetrimringrootsuckersaplingthinningpurityofseeds種子凈度cleanlinessofseeds拌種seedsdressing無籽的seedless實生苗seedlingplant副梢sideshoot無土栽培soil-lessculture特種蔬菜specialvegetables基質(zhì)substrate腐旗質(zhì)humus分篥tiller棚架trellis間作inter-cropping混作mi

26、xes-cropping所discardingplant氨水liquidammonia變則主干型modified-leaderform團粒結(jié)構(gòu)granularstructure磷肥fertiphos匍匐莖runner離核freestone粘核clingstone果醬catsup果脯prune果臺bourse果園orchard葡萄干raisin(currant)果仁kernel鋤頭mattock鍬spade手鎬pickaxe（短柄雙刃）噴霧器nebulizer大小年alternatehabit結(jié)果的bearing早熟的earlyripe晚熟的laterripe中熟的middleripe徐圖hed

27、ge摘心nipping苗床nurselybed根外追肥outrootfeeding腐熟的overrotten珍珠巖perlite蛭后vermiculite泥炭peat物候期phonologicalperiod肥料fertilizer三、遺傳育種伴性遺傳sexlinkedinteritance自父/、親自性selfincompatibility雄性不育系A(chǔ)-line、malesterilityline保持系B-line馴化acclimation適應(yīng)性adaptation加性遺傳additiveinheritance性狀charactertraits等位基因allele抗性育種breedingfo

28、rresistance化學(xué)誘變chemomorphosis染色體chromosome缺失deficiency重復(fù)duplication易位translocation倒位inversion近親繁殖closebreeding雜交crosshybridization測交testcross退化degeneration顯性的dominant隱性的recessive去雄emasculation雜種hybrid近交的inbred小育性infertilitysterility基因文庫genelibrary品系line連鎖linkage位點locus母本的maternal父本的paternal突變mutatio

29、n突變體mutant正反交reciprocalcross回交backcross返祖現(xiàn)象atavism常染色體autosome異染色體heterochromosome噬菌體bacteriophage堿基密碼子近交系數(shù)遺傳力干擾系數(shù)互補作用交換漂移嵌合體大腸桿菌上位性進化種質(zhì)雜種優(yōu)勢雜合體純合體純系后代重組分離物種芽變轉(zhuǎn)錄翻譯自交系配合力混雜株系四、植物學(xué)basescodoncoefficientofinbreedingheritabilitycoefficientofinterferencecomplementationcrossingoverdriftmosaicsE.coliepistasi

30、sevolutiongermplasmheterosisheterozygoteshomozygotespurelinesprogenyrecombinationsegregationspeciessportstranscriptiontranslationself-bredlinecombiningabilityconfusionstrain盤的的片莖篥莖點頂長科磷鱗分假頂向生抱母細胞抱子畸形的直根衰老瘦果familyinterfoylesbulbpanbushingoutcauloidacmeapicalapicalpointsporocytesporeabnormaltaprootsen

31、escenceacheneakene果臍常綠的落葉的觀賞植物不定的（芽）氣根好氣的厭氧的聚生的（果）對生的互生的areolaadeciduousdeciduousadornmentplantadventitious(bud)aeratingrootaerobicanaerobicaggregate(fruit)oppositealternate藻類無絲分裂減數(shù)分裂有絲分裂小抱子風媒授粉蟲媒的鳥媒的旱生植物被子植物裸子植物皺葉的掌狀的蠟層一年生的二年生的多年生的花藥花粉花粉?；ǚ酃苁诜凵ú荼镜念^狀花序總狀花序傘房花序聚傘花序圓錐花序水生的介入灌木自花授粉algaamitosismeiosism

32、itosisandrosporeanemogamyentomophilous、insectpollinationornithophilyxerophyteangiospermaegymnogencurlypalmatewaxenfilmannualbiennialperennialantherpollenpollengrainpollentubepollinateanthesisherbaceousanthodiumbotryoid、racemecorymbcymepanicleaquaticarborarboretautogamy異花授粉軸生的、主腋生的闊葉的針葉樹鱗莖球莖維管束鞘心皮導(dǎo)管復(fù)

33、（芽）匍匐-皺葉的角質(zhì)層胚（囊）胚乳果皮外果皮中果皮內(nèi)果皮果肉上胚軸出土的上位的下位的肉質(zhì)的配子胚芽、細菌保衛(wèi)細胞奇數(shù)羽狀的偶數(shù)羽狀的花序種間的屬間的藤本植物髓部的變態(tài)的薄壁組織果膠花梗韌皮部木質(zhì)部雄蕊allogamyaxial(root)axillarybroadleafconiferbulbcormbundlesheathcarpelcathetercompound(bud)creepingcurledcuticleembryo(sac)endospermpericarp>rindepicarp、exocarpmesocarpendocarppulpepicotylepigealep

34、igynoushypogynousfleshygametegermguardcellimparipinnatepinnateinflorescenceinterspecificintergenericlianamedullarymetabolousparenchymapectinpedicelphloemxylemstamen雌蕊pistil原生質(zhì)protoplasm蕨類植物pteridophyte胚根radicle氣孔stoma卷須tendril超微結(jié)構(gòu)ultrastructure營養(yǎng)的vegetative合子zygote雌雄異株的dioecious雌雄同株的monoecious雌雄異花di

35、clinism爻精fertilization自pigment劍abscissionlayer樹皮bark皮層cortex子葉cotyledon生態(tài)型ecotype常綠的evergreensaiophyllus、indeciduous落葉的defoliate、deciduous生長的growingpoint節(jié)間internode側(cè)芽lateralbud瓠果pepo花瓣petal初生的primary次生的secondary三生的tertiary葉脈vein無籽的aspermous識別recognition五、植物生理學(xué)半透性semipermeability膜membrane脫落abscission

36、乙酰膽堿acetylcholine腺喋吟adenine(A)三磷酸腺昔adenosinetriphosphate(ATP)抗壞血酸ascorbate主動運輸activetransport適應(yīng)性adaptiveness吸附作用adsorption逆境抗逆性淀粉拮抗作用花青素同化作用維生素激素生長素矮壯素乙烯利乙烯固氮作用甜菜堿束縛態(tài)的形成層胡羅卜素類胡羅卜素葉綠素葉綠體線粒體抗性耐性脅迫冷害凍害澇害臨界的光周期長日植物短日植物變性內(nèi)源的外源的酶光合作用呼吸作用呼吸商葡萄糖甘油生長調(diào)節(jié)劑新陳代謝光誘導(dǎo)火光adversegrowingconditionsadverseresistanceamylum

37、antagonismanthocyanidinassimilationvitamineshorminesauxincycocel(CCC)ethrelethyleneazotificationbetaineboundcambiumcarotenecaroteinoidchlorophyllchloroplastcytochondriomeresistancetolerancestresschillingdamage(injury)coldinjury、freezinginjuryfloodcriticalphotoperiodlong-dayplantshort-dayplantdenatur

38、ationendogenousexogenousenzymephotosynthesisrespirationrespirationquotientglucoseglycerolgrowthregulatormetabolismphotoinductionfluorescence脯氨酸丙酮酸蒸騰作用春化作用反饋源庫主動-被動-有限生長無限生長飽和點補償點克隆極性載體滲透作用六、病蟲害病原體真菌防治霜霉病白粉病斑枯病葉斑病角斑病圓斑病炭疽病灰霉病疫病銹病瘡痂病朗蟲菜粉蝶菜青蟲黃條跳甲天牛黃守瓜瓢蟲蠟蝠蝸?；认x蛆prolinepyruvicacidtranspirationvernalizatio

39、nfeedbacksourcesinkactivepassivedeterminategrowthindeterminategrowthsaturationpointcompensationpointclonepolaritycarrierosmosispathogenfunguscontroldownymildewmildewspotblightspotangularleafspotblotchanthracnosegreymouldblightrustscabaphidcabbagebutterflycabbagewormstripeflea-beetlecapricornbeetlecu

40、cumberbeetleladybirdslugsnailgrasshoppermaggot蟒蟾蝶蛹金龜子蛾黃瓜花葉病毒煙草花葉病毒生物農(nóng)藥殺細菌劑鏈霉素殺真菌劑百菌清多菌靈代森鎰鋅福美雙甲基托布津波爾多液福爾馬林殺蟲劑乙酰甲胺磷甲胺磷樂果氧化樂果敵敵畏敵百蟲殺螟松石硫合劑馬拉硫磷甲拌磷辛硫磷除蟲菊酯西維因除草劑阿特拉津殺草丹枯草隆敵草隆草甘磷撲草凈氟樂靈成蟲期幼蟲蛹繭鱗翅目幼蟲grubchrysalisJapanesebeetlemothcucumbermosaicvirus(CMV)tobaccomosaicvirus(TMV)biologicalcontrolagentbacterici

41、destreptomycinfungicidechlorthalonil、daconilbavistindithaneM-45fernasan、thiramthiophanateBordeauxmixtureformalinpesticide、insecticideacephatemethamidophos、tamarondaphenerogoromethoatedichlorphos、vapourdipterex、dyloxfenchlorphos、sumithionlime-sulphurmixturemalathonphoratethimetphoximpyrethrindenaponh

42、erbicide、weedicideametryn、atrazinebenthiocarb、saturnchloroxurondiuron、karmexglyphosateprometrynetrifluralinadultstagelarvapupacocooncaterpillar若蟲（蛹）生理小種感病的抗病的熏煙宿主侵染接種致死濃度蛾類克蛾特線蟲病毒寄生污染傳染媒介免疫抗體抗原檢疫七、統(tǒng)計邊際效應(yīng)空白試驗區(qū)組保護行可加性方差分析完全隨機設(shè)計隨機區(qū)組設(shè)計平均數(shù)對照卡平方測驗回歸相關(guān)效應(yīng)自由度誤差標準差標準誤小區(qū)多重比較局部控制nymphbiologicalstrainsusceptibleresistantfumigationhost、parasitiferinfectioninoculationlethalconcentrationmitepropargitenematodevirusparasitizationcontaminationvehicleofinfectionimmunityantibodyantigenquarantineedge(border)effectblankassayblockboundrowadditivityanalysisofvariancecompletelyrandomdesignrandomizedblocksd