綜合商務英語4

1、LiteratureMade By：向文杰，張秀秀，唐聰聰，汪慧Part 1 BackgroundsPoetry（詩歌）Prose（散文） Fiction（小說） Drama（戲?。?Reading poetry is different from reading short stories. Readers often find poems difficult because they are used to having straightforward meanings in what they read. When we read a short story, or indeed any

2、 work written in prose, the meaning will usually be immediately apparent. But when we read poetry, the situation will be different. It is true that poetry will usually make some sense(有某些意義有某些意義) or have some meaning ，but poetry is more than its prose meaning.1. A poem consists of words arranged in

3、lines of verse(韻文).2. A poems rhythm(節(jié)奏) and rhyme(韻律), too, while having little meaning in themselves, may help to reinforce (強化) ,the poems meaning.3.Thus poetry is not to be read quickly like prose, it should be read slowly, carefully and attentively(聚精會神地)， because it will not yield its meaning

4、all at once. Prose is a form of language that possesses ordinary syntax(句法) and natural speech rather than rhythmic structure; in which regard, along with its measurement in sentences rather than lines, it differs from poetry. We will surely find one element common to every readers expectations befo

5、re examining a work of fiction tell a story. Fiction, then, is a name for stories at least partially(部分地) imagined. This term is most commonly associated with short stories, drama and narrative(敘事體的) poetryIn fiction the facts are not necessarily true or historically accurate, not usually his primar

6、y concern. A writer leads us into a world of his creation and makes us accept that what is happening in the story is true.Drama shares with fiction many basic characteristics：Employ plot， use characters， develop a themeDrama is also similar to poetry in some way ：Extensive use of the resources of la

7、nguage.Difference:Drama is different from both fiction and poetry in that most plays are written to be performed by actors on a stage before an audience rather than to be read as books.i.e. drama is primarily designed for theatrical(戲劇的) presentation. In this sense，drama is both theatre and literatu

8、re. A play that is intended only to be read is referred to as closet drama.There are numerous(許多的) awards recognizing achievement and contribution in literature. Given the diversity（差異性） of the field, awards are typically limited in scope, usually on: form, genre（體裁）, language, nationality and outpu

9、t.The Nobel Prize in Literature（諾貝爾文學獎-瑞典）The Neustadt International Prize for Literature(諾伊施塔特國際文學獎-美國) Literary prizes for which all nationalities are eligible（有資格當選的）（有資格當選的） include:The Man Booker International Prize（布克國際文學獎-英國）The Franz Kafka Prize（弗朗茨卡夫卡獎-捷克）One of the five Nobel Prizes establ

10、ished by the will of Alfred Nobel in 1895Awarded to an author on the basis of their body of work, rather than to, or for, a particular work itself.Since1901awarded annually to an author from any country who has produced in the field of literature the most outstanding work in an ideal direction“A lau

11、reate（獲獎者） earns a gold medal, a diploma, and a sum of money. The amount of money awarded depends on the income of the Nobel Foundation that year.Part 2 Important Words in Unit TenImportant Words in Unit TenNew Words 1.behold bholdto look at or see sb/sthsee和behold see 是最常見的，它可以只指用視覺器官，但更經(jīng)常暗示發(fā)現(xiàn)、理解或明

12、白 behold 更強烈地暗示對已被看見的某物的意識2.bureau bjro a desk with drawers( 抽屜）and usually a top that opens down to make a table to write on3.caterpillar ktrpl(r)毛蟲；履帶；履帶拖拉機.4.Cheshireter柴郡（英國郡名） 5.duchessdts n.the wife of a duke/a woman who has the rank of a duke(公爵）公爵） 6.hearthh:r area in front of a fireplace 灶臺

13、，爐灶臺，爐邊；邊； （高爐的）爐膛，爐缸；（高爐的）爐膛，爐缸； 比喻比喻家庭；家庭； 壁爐壁爐地面地面 7.hedgehd樹籬樹籬(保護措施，防止損失的手段保護措施，防止損失的手段尤指尤指金錢金錢）fence,wattle 8.nibble nbl take tiny(very small in size or amount) bites of sth.啃，一點一點地咬（吃） bite, gnaw(n) 9.pebble pbl 卵石；礫石. 10.predicament prdkmnt difficult or unpleasant situation,esp.one in which

14、sb. is uncertain what to do (困境，窘?jīng)r) strait,dilemma 11.scamper skmp run quickly and often playfully as children and some small animals do 蹦蹦跳跳地跑，驚惶奔跑 Part 3 The introduction of a movie Alice in Wonderland Alice in Wonderland 愛麗絲夢游仙境第一版的封面 (1865)作者查爾斯路德維希道奇森（Charles Lutwidge Dodgson）以筆名路易斯卡羅（Lewis Car

15、roll）出版的兒童文學作品。插圖John Tenniel出版地 英國語言英語類型兒童文學出版商Macmillan Publishers出版日期1865媒介Print下一部作品愛麗絲鏡中奇遇。愛麗絲夢游仙境是一個典型“荒唐文學（Literary nonsense）”的例子Alices Adventures in Wonderland 第七章：瘋狂下午茶（第七章：瘋狂下午茶（A Mad Tea Party） 第八章：女王的槌球場第八章：女王的槌球場（The Queens Croquet Ground） 第九章：假甲魚的故事第九章：假甲魚的故事（The Mock Turtles Story） 第十

16、章：龍蝦方塊舞第十章：龍蝦方塊舞（Lobster Quadrille） 第十一章：誰偷了餡餅第十一章：誰偷了餡餅（Who Stole the Tarts?） 第十二章：愛麗絲的證明第十二章：愛麗絲的證明（Alices Evidence）愛麗絲（Alice）List of minor characters in the Alice series：白兔先生（White Rabbit）三月兔（March Hare）紅心女王（the Queen of Hearts）毛毛蟲（the Caterpillar）睡鼠（Dormouse）柴郡貓（Cheshire Cat）瘋帽子（Mad Hatter）矮胖子（H

17、umpty Dumpty）渡渡鳥/度度鳥（Dodo）愛麗絲夢游仙境 (1951年電影)，1951年迪士尼公司發(fā)行的動畫電影。愛麗絲夢游仙境，2010年迪士尼公司發(fā)行的3D動畫電影。Background愛麗絲夢游仙境于1865年出版。故事原形乃是1862年7月4日，作者與魯賓遜達克華斯（Reverend Robinson Duckworth）及三位女孩于泰晤士河（River Thames）同游。三位女孩當中，有一位名叫愛麗絲李德爾（Alice Liddell）；她們的父親正是兼任牛津大學副校長、Christ Church教長及威斯敏斯特學校（Westminster School）校長的亨利喬治李

18、德爾（Henry George Liddell）。他們由牛津附近的Folly Bridge開始，劃船到五哩外一條名叫Godstow的村莊。途中，他們?yōu)榱讼r間，道奇森就在船上向三位女孩講了一個應她們要求“越荒誕越好”的幻想冒險故事，而故事的主角正好就是三姊妹之中的二女兒愛麗絲李德爾。Part4 Listening Task 3答案答案 A. 1) F 2) F 3) T 4) T 5) T 6) T 原文原文： Alices Adventure in Wonderland Alice sat nodding sleepily on a mossy bank beside her big si

19、ster, who was reading. Presently a pink-eyed white Rabbit ran by, looking at its watch and crying, Oh dear-I shall be late! Alice bounded after the Rabbit, across a field and into a hole under a hedge. And Alice found herself in a long hall of many doors, all locked. On a table was a golden key whic

20、h fitted the smallest door, only fifteen inches high. Presently the Rabbit entered and, seeing Alice, fled in dismay, dropping his gloves and fan. Alice picked them up and began to fan herself. Soon she was only two feet high and dropped the fan in a fright. Running into the wood, she sat down besid

21、e a mushroom to rest. What can I do for you? asked a voice. Alice looked up, and on top of the mushroom sat a blue Caterpillar, smoking a pipe. The Duchess sat rocking a little pig in her lap, the Cook was sprinkling quantities of pepper into a kettle of soup, and a Cheshire Cat on the hearth grinne

22、d from ear to ear at her. New Words Mossy adj.苔蘚覆蓋的 Bank n.岸；堆；淺灘；斜坡 Bound vi.跳躍著跑 n.跳躍 adj.準備前往的；正在前往的 Sensation n.感覺；知覺；感覺能力；覺察 Dismay n.驚愕；vt.使驚愕 Glove n.手套 Fright n.驚嚇 Thereupon adv.隨即；于是；在其上 Mushroom n.蘑菇；蘑菇狀的東西 vi.采蘑菇 Pipe n.管子；煙斗；一斗煙 Duchess n.公爵夫人；女公爵 Sprinkle vt.灑；撒 vi.輕輕灑落 n.少量 Pepper n.胡椒

23、粉；甜椒；胡椒 Kettle n.水壺；鍋 Hearth n.壁爐爐床 Grin vi.露齒而笑 n.露齒的笑 B： 1) a hole under a hedge Alice bounded after the Rabbit, across a field and into a hole under a hedge. 2) into a long passage After running through the hole a distance she suddenly stepped off into space and began to fall. Alice was wondering whether she would stop at the earths center when, bump!-she landed on a heap of