人教新目標(biāo)英語九年級全冊 Unit 13 Were trying to save the earth 單元語法知識歸納匯總

1、.Unit13 單元語法知識歸納匯總Grammar FocusPay attention to the sentences.1 Were trying to save the earth.2 The river used to be so clean.3 The air is badly polluted.4 No scientific studies have shown that shark fins are good for health.5 We should help save the sharks.1. 如今進(jìn)展時: Present Progressive定義：表示說話時瞬間正在進(jìn)

2、展的動作，也表示目前或現(xiàn)階段一直進(jìn)展的動作。構(gòu)造: be am/is/ are + v.-ing標(biāo)志詞：Look, Listen, now, right nowe.g. Look! The boy is crying.2. used to do與be used to doingused to do sth. 表示過去常常做某事, 而如今往往不做了, 后接動詞原形。be used to doing sth. 表示習(xí)慣于做某事。e.g. I used to get up at six oclock. Joe is used to drinking a cup of coffee every mor

3、ning.3. 被動語態(tài)：Passive voice定義：表示主語是動作的承受者，即行為動作的對象的一種語態(tài)。構(gòu)造：be + 過去分詞e.g. A new school was built last year. Our classroom is cleaned every day.4. 如今完成時: Present Perfect定義：表示動作已經(jīng)完成, 但對如今造成影響; 或者表示從過去某一時間開場一直延續(xù)到如今并還可能持續(xù)下去的動作。 構(gòu)造: has/have + 過去分詞標(biāo)志詞：already, yet, ever, never, since, fore.g. I havent fini

4、shed my homework yet.5. 情態(tài)動詞1 情態(tài)動詞本身有一定的詞義，表示說話人的情緒、態(tài)度或語氣，但不能單獨作謂語，只能與其他動詞構(gòu)成謂語。常見的有：can could, may might, must, need, shall should, will would等。2 情態(tài)動詞無人稱和數(shù)的變化, 后接動詞原形。否認(rèn)式是在情態(tài)動詞后面加not。個別情態(tài)動詞有過去式形式, 可用來表達(dá)更加客氣、委婉的語氣。 e.g. Ken can climb up the tress like a koala. Tracy could ride a bicycle when she was

5、five years old. You mustnt play with fire. It is dangerous. 中考英語復(fù)習(xí)必備：動詞的語態(tài)動詞的語態(tài)1. 語態(tài)定義：英語中表示主語和謂語之間的關(guān)系的動詞形式稱為語態(tài)。英語的語態(tài)分為主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者，被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者。We teach English in our school .主動 English is taught in our school .被動2. 被動語態(tài)：助動詞Be + 及物動詞的過去分詞be +p.p.，be有人稱、時態(tài)和數(shù)的變化。見下表：時態(tài) 謂語動詞的形式例子一般如今時

6、 Am / is / are + 動詞過去分詞 Colour TVs are made in the factory .一般過去時 Was / were +動詞過去分詞 My hometown was liberated in 1949 .一般將來時 Shall / will + be +動詞過去分詞 The film will be shown again .如今進(jìn)展時 Am / is / are + being +動詞過去分詞 The walls are being painted .過去進(jìn)展時 Was / were +being動詞過去分詞 The tickets were being

7、well sold then .如今完成時 Has / have + been + 動詞過去分詞 A new road has been built here .時態(tài) 謂語動詞的形式例子過去完成時 Had + been +動詞過去分詞 Much had been done before mother came back .含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài) 情態(tài)動詞+be+動詞過去分詞 The composition must be handed in today .3. 被動語態(tài)中值得注意的問題：1帶有雙賓語的動詞，可以把任何一個賓語變被動，一般在間接賓語前加適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。My father gave m

8、e a book ./ I was given a book by my father ./ A book was given to me by my father .2英語中有些動詞用主動語態(tài)表示被動語態(tài)。The cloth washes well ./ This kind of bags sells well. / The shoes wear long. / The knife cuts well . / The pen writes smoothly . / This coat lasts long .3在英語中有時"be + V-ed"構(gòu)造并不是被動語態(tài)，而是系表

9、構(gòu)造。The mountains were covered with snow .4在"主語+謂語+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語"的構(gòu)造中，要補(bǔ)留賓語補(bǔ)足語。We found the door broken. / The door was found broken.5 賓語補(bǔ)足語為省to的不定式，變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)后，要復(fù)原to。He made me laugh. / I was made to laugh.6假如短語動詞是及物動詞時，可以用被動語態(tài)，但不能遺漏所含的介詞或副詞。The nurse looked after the baby ./ The baby was looked af

10、ter by the nurse . / We must make up for the lessons we missed. / The lessons we missed must be made up for .7以下情況不能用被動語態(tài)：A. 不及物動詞： The accident happened on a busy road yesterday.B. 連系動詞： The girl looks like her sister.C. 賓語為反身代詞：He always dresses himself neatly.D. 賓語為互相代詞：The students often help ea

11、ch other.E. 同源賓語：At that time, they lived a happy life.F. 表示狀態(tài)的及物動詞：I have a new car. / The book cost me 30 yuan. 中考英語情態(tài)動詞用法總結(jié)【情態(tài)動詞知識梳理】情態(tài)動詞有詳細(xì)的詞義，但也同助動詞一樣，需要與其他詞語一起構(gòu)成句子的謂語，另外情態(tài)動詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，情態(tài)動詞后必須跟動詞原形。1. can的用法：1.表示才能、答應(yīng)、可能性。表示才能時一般譯為“能、會，即有種才能，尤其是生來具備的才能，此時may和must均不可代替它。如：She can swim fast, but I

12、 cant . 她能游得很快，但我不能。I can see with my eyes.我用眼睛看。2.表示答應(yīng)，常在口語中。如：You can use my dictionary. 你可以用我的字典。3.表示推測，意為“可能，常用于否認(rèn)句和疑問句中，此時cant譯為“不可能。如：Can the news be true? 這個消息會是真的嗎？Can it be our teacher?那個人有可能是我們老師嗎？No, it cant be our teacher. He is on a visit to the Great Wall.不可能。咱們老師正在游覽長城呢?！纠}】I think Mi

13、ss Gao must be in the library. She said she would go there.No. She _be there, I have just been there.【解析】根據(jù)下文“我剛?cè)ミ^那兒可知，應(yīng)為“不可能，cant表示推測答案2. could的用法：1.can的過去式，意為“能、會，表示過去的才能。如：He could write poems when he was 10. 他十歲時就會寫詩。2. could在疑問句中，表示委婉的語氣，此時could沒有過去式的意思。如:Could you do me a favor? 你能幫我個忙嗎？Could

14、I use your pen? 我能用一下你的鋼筆嗎?Yes, you can.可以。注意答復(fù)3. may的用法：1.表示懇求、答應(yīng)，比can正式，如：May I borrow your bike? 我可以借你的自行車嗎？You may go home now.如今你可以回家了?！纠}】_ I borrow your MP3?Sure . Here you are. A. May B. Should C. Must D. Would【解析】在此處表示懇求，意為“做可以嗎。答案：A 2 .表示推測，議論可能性，意為“可能，或許，一般用于肯定句中。如：It may rain tomorrow .明

15、天可能會下雨。She may be at home.她可能在家呢. 3 .may的過去式為might，表示推測時,可能性低于may。如：He is away from school. He might be sick.他分開學(xué)校了，可能是他生病了。 4 . 表示希望、祈求、祝愿，?？勺g為“祝愿。通常是用may +主+V例如：May you have a good time.祝你過得愉快。May you be happy! 祝你幸福！May you succeed！祝你成功！4. must的用法： 1.must表示主觀看法，意為“必須、一定。如：You must stay here until I come back.在我回來之前你必須呆在這兒。Must I hand