Unit 3 Language in Use

1、Unit 3 At the MarketLanguage in UseContentsReviewGrammar: Adverbial ClausesDear Sir, I am happy that the refrigerator we ordered last week has arrived on time. But it is a great pity that we find there is something wrong with the refrigeration facilities（冷凍設(shè)備）. After we used it for several days. we

2、found that food stored in the refrigerating compartment（冷藏艙） turned bad quickly. When we finally decided to take the temperature in it, we were surprised to find it was around 15, far from the standard temperture range from 0 to 9. This problem has affected our normal life. Would you please let me k

3、now whether or not you can send a repairman as soon as possible? I hope that my problem will get your kind consideration. Yours faithfully, Li Ming Read the complaint letter, tell the reason for complaining and the problem in detail. Translate the following phrases into English食物已經(jīng)變質(zhì)衣服洗后褪色要求退款盼望著你的答

4、復(fù)打開包裹發(fā)現(xiàn)中間有一個(gè)孔給我換一個(gè)新的ask for a refundthe clothes lose colour after washingthe food has gone badlook forward to your answerunpack the packagefind there is a hole in the middlesend me a new one Types of sentences句子句子簡(jiǎn)單句簡(jiǎn)單句并列句并列句復(fù)合句復(fù)合句名詞性從句名詞性從句主語從句主語從句賓語從句賓語從句表語從句表語從句同位語從句同位語從句定語從句定語從句狀語從句狀語從句 狀語&狀

5、語從句修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或整個(gè)句子，說明動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)特征的句子成分，叫做狀語（Adverbial）。 How about meeting again at six?在復(fù)合句中在復(fù)合句中由從句表示的狀語由從句表示的狀語稱作稱作狀語從句狀語從句，它可以，它可以用來修飾謂語（包括非謂語動(dòng)詞）、定語或狀語，或用來修飾謂語（包括非謂語動(dòng)詞）、定語或狀語，或是整個(gè)句子。是整個(gè)句子。When he arrived at the airport, the plane had already taken off. 狀語分類： 1. How about meeting again at six?2.Last n

6、ight she didnt go to the dance party because of the rain.3.I shall go there if it doesnt rain. 4.Mr Smith lives on the third floor. 5.She put the eggs into the basket with great care.6.In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder. 7.He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately. 8.She

7、works very hard though she is old.9.I am taller than he is.（時(shí)間狀語）（原因狀語）（條件狀語）（地點(diǎn)狀語）（方式狀語）（目的狀語）（結(jié)果狀語）（讓步狀語）（比較狀語）狀語從句狀語從句時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí)間狀語從句原因狀語從句原因狀語從句條件狀語從句條件狀語從句讓步狀語從句讓步狀語從句目的狀語從句目的狀語從句地點(diǎn)狀語從句地點(diǎn)狀語從句比較比較方式方式從屬連詞從屬連詞用來連接兩個(gè)句子、且一個(gè)句子從屬于另一個(gè)句子（即從句用來連接兩個(gè)句子、且一個(gè)句子從屬于另一個(gè)句子（即從句）的連詞。這類連詞叫）的連詞。這類連詞叫從屬連詞從屬連詞。從屬連詞主要用于引導(dǎo)

8、各。從屬連詞主要用于引導(dǎo)各種狀語從句。種狀語從句。九種常用的狀語從句及其常用的連接詞時(shí)間：when, while, as, before, after, since, 原因：because, since, as, for, now that條件：if, unless, as(so) long as,地點(diǎn)：where, wherever 方式：as, as if/as though 目的：in order that, in order to結(jié)果：such. that, sothat讓步：although, though, even though, even if比較：than, asas, no

9、t so/asas, 找出下列狀語從句中的從屬連詞，并指出其所屬的類型1. Child as she is, she knows a lot of things. 2. The more I can do for the class, the happier Ill be.3. He talks as if (as though) he knew all about it.4. He is such a good teacher that the students love and respect him.5. I shall go to the park unless it rains.6.

10、 No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.讓步讓步比較比較方式方式結(jié)果結(jié)果條件條件 時(shí)間時(shí)間7. Where there is water, there is life.8. He studied hard so that he could catch up with his classmates.9. Since you are very busy, I wont trouble you.10. Even if (though) I fail. Ill never lose heart.11. Once you begin the wor

11、k, you must continue.12. Although the sun was shining, it wasnt very warm. 找出下列狀語從句中的從屬連詞，并指出其所屬的類型地點(diǎn)地點(diǎn)目的目的原因原因讓步讓步時(shí)間時(shí)間讓步讓步13. Now that youve come, youd better have dinner with us.14. He was so excited that he couldnt fall asleep.15. We must do everything as he tells us.16. India is much bigger than

12、 Japan is.17. No matter when you come, you are warmly welcome.18. As (So) long as you work hard, you can catch up with the other classmates.找出下列狀語從句中的從屬連詞，并指出其所屬的類型原因原因結(jié)果結(jié)果方式方式比較比較讓步讓步條件條件1 狀語從句連詞的含義及用法比較；2、狀語從句的時(shí)態(tài)問題；3、狀語從句倒裝及省略問題；4、狀語從句與并列句的區(qū)別。時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí)間狀語從句例題例題1. We were swimming in the lake _ sudde

13、nly the storm started. A. when B. while C. until D. before2. He was about to tell me the secret _ someone patted him on the shoulder. A. as B. until C. whileD. when3. He transplanted the little tree to the garden _ it was the best time for it. A. where B. when C. thatD. until4. Did Jack come back ea

14、rly last night? Yes. It was not yet eight oclock _ he arrived home. A. Before B. when C. that D. until5. He was about halfway through his meal _ a familiar voice came to his ears. A. why B. where C. when D. whileA AD DB BB BC C連接詞連接詞when的用法小結(jié)的用法小結(jié)1. when可用來引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，意為可用來引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，意為“當(dāng)當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候的時(shí)候”從句的從句的謂語

15、動(dòng)詞可以是延續(xù)的，也可以是短暫的。謂語動(dòng)詞可以是延續(xù)的，也可以是短暫的。如：如： When the film ended, they went back. When I lived there, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays.2. When 常用于下列句式：常用于下列句式：意為意為“就在那時(shí)就在那時(shí)”。如：。如： was doing somethingwhen was about to dowhen was on the point of doing sth. when had donewhen3. when可以表可以表“既然既然”，如：，如：

16、 How can I help them to understand when they wont listen to me?注意同一個(gè)從屬連詞的多義性：例題例題6. The cost of living in Glasgow is among the lowest in Britain, _ the quality of life is probably one of the highest. A. since B. when C. as D. while7. _ I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person.

17、A. While B. Since C. Before D. Unless8. _it is true that a students most important goal is to do well in his or her studies, it doesnt need to be the only goal. A when B As C While D Before9. Mary made coffee her guests were finishing their meal. A. so that B. although C. while D. as ifD DA AC CC C

18、1. while可用來引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語，意為可用來引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語，意為“當(dāng)當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候的時(shí)候”；引導(dǎo)的動(dòng)作必須是持續(xù)性的，如：引導(dǎo)的動(dòng)作必須是持續(xù)性的，如： Please dont talk so loud while others are working. 2. while作為并列連詞，意為作為并列連詞，意為“而，卻而，卻”，表示對(duì)比。，表示對(duì)比。 Jane was dressed in brown while Mary was dressed in blue. 3. while也可用來引導(dǎo)讓步狀語，意為也可用來引導(dǎo)讓步狀語，意為“盡管，雖然盡管，雖然”；可表示盡管，相當(dāng)于可表示盡管，相當(dāng)于altho

19、ugh While I admit that the problems are difficult , I dont agree that they cant be solved. 4 趁趁的情況趕緊做的情況趕緊做, 否則來不及了否則來不及了 Strike while the iron is hot.連接詞連接詞while的用法小結(jié)的用法小結(jié) 1.as可用來引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語，意為“一邊一邊”；隨著。 如： She sang as she walked home all the way. (一邊一邊） As she grew older, she became more beautiful. （隨著

20、）2.as也可用來引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句意為“因?yàn)椤?。如?As she is free today, she would like to do some shopping. （因?yàn)椋?3.as還可用來引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句（通常用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)）意為“盡管”。如： Tired as he was, he refused to take a rest. （盡管） Hard as he worked, he cant work out the problem. Child as he is, he knows a lot. 連接詞連接詞as的用法小結(jié)的用法小結(jié) when, while, as這三個(gè)連詞都可表示這三

21、個(gè)連詞都可表示“當(dāng)當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候的時(shí)候”，區(qū)別：，區(qū)別：1) when可表示一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)，也可表示一個(gè)時(shí)間段。如：可表示一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)，也可表示一個(gè)時(shí)間段。如：When he came in, we were having supper.When we were having supper, the light suddenly went out.2) while則則只表示一個(gè)時(shí)間段只表示一個(gè)時(shí)間段。它所引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中的時(shí)態(tài)。它所引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中的時(shí)態(tài)常用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。如：常用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。如： When/While he was eating his breakfast, he heard the d

22、oorbell ring. While he was watching TV, the boy fell asleep.3) as則強(qiáng)調(diào)主句和從句的動(dòng)作在同一時(shí)間進(jìn)行則強(qiáng)調(diào)主句和從句的動(dòng)作在同一時(shí)間進(jìn)行;也可表示也可表示“隨隨著著”， 。She sang as she walked along.As the day went on, the weather got worse.連接詞連接詞when, while, as的用法區(qū)別：的用法區(qū)別：例題例題1. He made a mistake, but then he corrected the situation _ it got worse.

23、 A. until B. when C. beforeD. as2. Scientists say it may be five or six years _ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients. A. since B. after C. before D. when3.Why didnt you tell him about the meeting? He rushed out of the room_I could say a word. A. before B. untilC. whenD. after4. It

24、is almost five years _ we saw each other last time. A. before B. since C. after D. because C CC CA AB B1 We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land.2 We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired.3 Please write it down before you forget it.4 Before I could get in a word, he had measured m

25、e. “才” “不到就” “趁” “還沒來得及” 連接詞連接詞before的用法小結(jié)的用法小結(jié) 1）It will be/段時(shí)間段時(shí)間before“還要過多久才還要過多久才” It will be two years before he leaves the country. 2） It was +時(shí)間段時(shí)間段+before 從句從句 （動(dòng)作已發(fā)生）（動(dòng)作已發(fā)生） It was three weeks before he came back. 3） It will not be long before“不多久就會(huì)不多久就會(huì)” It wont be long before she comes b

26、ack 4） It was not long before“不多久就不多久就了了” 如：如： It wasnt long before he left the country. 5）It is時(shí)間時(shí)間since如：如： It is three years since she was in the army. It is three years since she joined the army. 注意時(shí)態(tài)注意時(shí)態(tài)before 與與 since 區(qū)別區(qū)別狀語從句的時(shí)態(tài)問題狀語從句的時(shí)態(tài)問題例題1、The house could fall down soon if no one_ some qui

27、ck repair work. A has done B is doing C does D had done 2、It is almost five years _ we saw each other last time. A. before B. since C. after D. when 在條件，時(shí)間狀語從句中，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示一般將在條件，時(shí)間狀語從句中，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示一般將來時(shí)。在來時(shí)。在 since 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中，動(dòng)詞一般都用一般引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中，動(dòng)詞一般都用一般過去時(shí)，而主句常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。過去時(shí)，而主句常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。C CB B狀語從句的倒裝問題狀語從句的倒裝

28、問題例題1、So difficult _ it to live in an English-speaking country that I determined to learn English. A. I have felt B. have I felt C. I did feel D. did I feel2、Not until all the fish died in the river _ how serious the pollution was. A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realized C. the villag

29、ers did realize D. didnt the villagers realizeD DA A 狀語從句的倒裝問題特別注意： Hardly when No sooner than Child as he is, Hardly had he got to the station when the train left. No sooner had he got to the station than the train left. Child as he is, he can speak seven foreign languages.狀語從句省略問題狀語從句省略問題 例題 While watching TV, _.A. the doorbell rang B the doorbell ringsC. we heard the door bell ring D. we heard the doorbell ringsCWhen (he was) still a boy of ten, he had to work day and nightIf