虛擬語(yǔ)氣在if條件句中用法PPT課件

1、 Id rather be a sparrow than a snail. Id rather be a sparrow than a snail. Yes, I would. Yes, I would. If I could, I surely would.If I could, I surely would. Id rather be a hammer than a nail. Id rather be a hammer than a nail. Yes, I would. Yes, I would. If I only could, I surely If I only could, I

2、 surely would.would. Away, Id rather sail away /like a Away, Id rather sail away /like a swan swan thats here and gone. thats here and gone. A man gets tied up to the ground. /He A man gets tied up to the ground. /He gives the world its saddest sound, its gives the world its saddest sound, its sadde

3、st sound.saddest sound. 第1頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)Id rather be a forest than a street. Id rather be a forest than a street. Yes, I would. Yes, I would. If I could, I surely If I could, I surely would.would. Id rather feel the earth beneath my Id rather feel the earth beneath my feet. feet. Yes, I would. Yes, I would.

4、 If I only could, I surely If I only could, I surely would.would. Away, Id rather sail away /like a Away, Id rather sail away /like a swan thats here and gone.swan thats here and gone.A man gets tied up to the ground. A man gets tied up to the ground. /He gives the world its saddest /He gives the wo

5、rld its saddest sound, its saddest soundsound, its saddest sound第2頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)在 if 條件句中的用法虛擬條件句虛擬條件句If I could, I surely would.If I only could, I surely would. 第3頁(yè)/共39頁(yè) The subjunctive mood(虛擬語(yǔ)氣) is used to express unreal conditions or wishes that are against the fact, either at present or in the past , o

6、r to talk about imagined situations in the future.第4頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)條件條件從句從句If 從句的謂語(yǔ)形從句的謂語(yǔ)形式式主句的謂語(yǔ)形式主句的謂語(yǔ)形式現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在過(guò)去過(guò)去將來(lái)將來(lái)過(guò)去式過(guò)去式 (were)had donewould/could/should/might +V (原)would/could/should/might +have done1.過(guò)去式過(guò)去式2. should+ V.(原原)3. were to dowould/could/should/might +V. (原) 虛擬語(yǔ)氣在 if 條件句中的用法第5頁(yè)/共39頁(yè) 虛擬條件句的要點(diǎn)

7、 1、虛擬條件句的常態(tài)句、虛擬條件句的常態(tài)句 2、虛擬條件句的省略倒裝句、虛擬條件句的省略倒裝句 3、混合條件句、混合條件句(錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句) 4、含蓄條件句、含蓄條件句 5、虛實(shí)結(jié)合、虛實(shí)結(jié)合第6頁(yè)/共39頁(yè) 1、虛擬條件句的常態(tài)句 第7頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)I I would buywould buy an expensive an expensive car.car. If I If I hadhad a lot of money, a lot of money, _看圖說(shuō)話(huà)：用虛擬語(yǔ)氣表達(dá)第8頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)第9頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)If I _busy last night, I _ to s

8、ee the film with you .had not beenwould have gone第10頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)If he more carefully, he the car accident yesterday. would not have had had driven 第11頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)第12頁(yè)/共39頁(yè) If I could save time in a bottle, The first thing that I would like to do would be to save every day until eternity pass away just to spend

9、them with you If I could make days last forever If words could make wishes come true I would save every day like a treasure and then again I would spend them with you 如果我能把時(shí)間存入一個(gè)瓶子如果我能把時(shí)間存入一個(gè)瓶子, , 我要做的第一件事情是，我要做的第一件事情是，把每一天都存下來(lái)直到永恒把每一天都存下來(lái)直到永恒, , 再和你一起慢慢度過(guò)再和你一起慢慢度過(guò)如果我能把時(shí)間化作永恒如果我能把時(shí)間化作永恒, , 如果我的愿望能一一

10、成真如果我的愿望能一一成真我會(huì)把每天都像寶貝一樣儲(chǔ)存，再和你一起慢慢度過(guò)我會(huì)把每天都像寶貝一樣儲(chǔ)存，再和你一起慢慢度過(guò)第13頁(yè)/共39頁(yè) One day, a father and his little son were going home. At this age, the boy was interested in all kinds of things and was always asking questions. Now, he asked, Whats the meaning of the word Drunk, dad? Well, my son, his father rep

11、lied, “Look, there are two policemen standing over there. If I regarded the two policemen as four, I would be drunk. But, dad, the boy said, theres only ONE policeman! What can we infer from the dialogue? A. The father must have been drunk. B. The son was rather stupid. C. The son was good at findin

12、g others mistakes. D. The father was a policeman. 第14頁(yè)/共39頁(yè) 2、虛擬條件句的省略倒裝句 如果虛擬條件句的謂語(yǔ)部分有were，had和should時(shí)，可省略if，把were，had和should放到從句主語(yǔ)前面去，構(gòu)成倒裝，多見(jiàn)于書(shū)面語(yǔ)。省略if 把were，had或should提前構(gòu)成：第15頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)If he had known your telephone number yesterday, he would have telephoned you.= Had he known your telephone number ye

13、sterday, he would have telephoned you.If I were in your position, I would do it better.= Were I in your position, I would do it better. If it should rain, the crops would be saved.= Should it rain, the crops would be saved.If it were not for the expense, I would go to Paris.=Were it not for the expe

14、nse, I would go to Paris.第16頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)Were I you, I would try it again.= If I were you, I would try it again.Had he been there yesterday, he would have seen the film.= If he had been there yesterday, he would have seen the film.Should it snow tomorrow, we wouldnt go out.= If it should snow tomorrow, we

15、wouldnt go out.第17頁(yè)/共39頁(yè) _five minutes earlier, you could have seen them off. A. If you should arrive B. If you arrive C. Had you arrived D. Should you arrive _it rain tomorrow, we should put off the visit to the Science Museum. A. could B. should C. would D. might第18頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)3、混合條件句(錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句) 當(dāng)條件從句當(dāng)條件從

16、句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與主句與主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表所表的時(shí)間不一致時(shí)，虛擬語(yǔ)氣的形式應(yīng)作相的時(shí)間不一致時(shí)，虛擬語(yǔ)氣的形式應(yīng)作相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。應(yīng)的調(diào)整。主句和從句的主句和從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞并不相互并不相互呼應(yīng)，這種條件句叫混合條件句呼應(yīng)，這種條件句叫混合條件句。 較多見(jiàn)的混合型條件句是較多見(jiàn)的混合型條件句是從句用過(guò)去完從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)（指過(guò)去行為），而主句用一般時(shí)成時(shí)（指過(guò)去行為），而主句用一般時(shí)（指目前狀態(tài)）。（指目前狀態(tài)）。第19頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)如果你之前努力學(xué)習(xí)了，你現(xiàn)在就是一名大學(xué)生，四年后就會(huì)大學(xué)畢業(yè)了。 If you had studied hard before, you would

17、be a college student now, and you would graduate from a college in four years.如果你采納了她的建議，你現(xiàn)在就會(huì)是個(gè)百萬(wàn)富翁了。 If you had taken her advice, you would be a millionaire now.假如我是你，我當(dāng)時(shí)就會(huì)采納她的建議。 If I were you , I would have taken her advice then.第20頁(yè)/共39頁(yè) Little Robert asked his mother for two cents. What did yo

18、u do with the money I gave you yesterday?, Mother asked. I gave it to a poor old woman, he answered. Youre a good boy, said the mother proudly. Here are two cents more. But why are you so interested in the old woman? “If she had not been the one who sold the candy, I would not have given her my mone

19、y and I would not be so interested in her.” he answered. What can we know from this passage?A. Robert paid the old woman for the candy. B. Robert was a good boy.C. The old woman gave Robert the candy for free. D. The old woman didnt sell the candy. 第21頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)Dentist: Im sorry, Madam, but I shall have

20、 to charge you twenty dollars for pulling your boys tooth.Women: Twenty dollars! Why，I understand you to say that youll charge only four dollars for such work! Dentist: Yes, if your son hadnt yelled so terribly, I would have four other patients now. What does the dentist mean? A. The boy didnt yell

21、because he was brave. B. The dentist wants to ask for his loss. C. He will have four other patients. D. He has four other patients now.第22頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)4、含蓄條件句 虛擬條件句中的條件從句有時(shí)不表出來(lái)，只暗虛擬條件句中的條件從句有時(shí)不表出來(lái)，只暗含在上下文中，這種句子叫做含蓄條件句。含在上下文中，這種句子叫做含蓄條件句。 含蓄條件句大體有兩種情況含蓄條件句大體有兩種情況: 條件暗含在介詞 短語(yǔ) 連詞 副詞 如without, but for, but, or

22、, otherwise中 條件暗含在上下文中 解題時(shí)要把握語(yǔ)境，分析與何種事實(shí)（過(guò)去、解題時(shí)要把握語(yǔ)境，分析與何種事實(shí)（過(guò)去、現(xiàn)在和將來(lái)）相反?，F(xiàn)在和將來(lái)）相反。第23頁(yè)/共39頁(yè) Without air, we would not live even for five minutes. _, we would not live even for five minutes. But for the storm, we should have arrived earlier. _, we should have arrived earlier. Jack cant have arrived ye

23、t; otherwise he would have telephoned me.=Jack cant have arrived yet; _, he would have telephoned me. = If there were no air=If it had not been for the stormif he had arrived 條件暗含在介詞條件暗含在介詞 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 連詞連詞 副詞中。副詞中。第24頁(yè)/共39頁(yè) 條件暗含在上下文中條件暗含在上下文中。 You might stay here forever. (可能暗含可能暗含if you wanted to) We wou

24、ld have succeeded. (可能暗含可能暗含if we had kept trying) Your reputation would be ruined. (可能暗含可能暗含if you should accept it) I would appreciate a little of your time. (可能暗含可能暗含if you were so kind as to give me a little of your time)第25頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)Customer: Waiter, this lobster(龍蝦) has only one claw（鉗）. Waiter: I

25、m sorry. It must have been a loser in a fight, or it would have two claws now. Customer: Well, bring me the winner then. What can we learn from this dialogue?A. The lobster lost one claw in a fight. B. The lobster will get two claws in a fight.C. The waiter wants to find an excuse for the mistake. D

26、. The lobster has two claws now. 第26頁(yè)/共39頁(yè) 5、虛實(shí)結(jié)合在同一個(gè)情境下，在同一個(gè)情境下，兼有對(duì)虛擬和真實(shí)情況的描述兼有對(duì)虛擬和真實(shí)情況的描述第27頁(yè)/共39頁(yè) We lost our way in that small village, otherwise we _ more places of interest yesterday. （2012 福建） A. visited B. had visited C. would visit D. would have visited Sorry, I am too busy now. If I _ time

27、, I would certainly go for an outing with you. (2012 湖南) A. have had B. had had C. have D. hadDD真實(shí)情況虛擬情況真實(shí)情況虛擬情況第28頁(yè)/共39頁(yè) They _ two free tickets to Canada, otherwise theyd never have been able to afford to go. (2007 山東) A. had got B. got C. have got D. get Do you think George has passed the driving

28、 test? No. If so, he _his car to our college yesterday.【2013福建30】 A. would drive B. drove C. would have driven D. had driven It rained cats and dogs this morning. Im glad we took an umbrella. Yeah, we would have got wet all over if we_.【2013重慶29】 A. hadnt B. havent C. didnt D. dont第29頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)第30頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)

29、Response Ability A newspaper organized a contest for the best answer to the question: “If a fire broke out in the Louvre(盧浮宮 ), and if you could only save one painting, which one would you carry out? Which of the following do you think is the the winning reply ? A. The one nearest the exit. B. The m

30、ost expensive one. C. The lightest one. D. The oldest one. 第31頁(yè)/共39頁(yè) New Discovery A hillbilly（鄉(xiāng)下人）was visiting the big city for the first time. Entering an office building, he saw a pudgy（矮胖的） older woman step into a small room. The doors closed, lights flashed, and after a while the door slid open

31、 and a beautiful young model s t e p p e d o f f t h e e l e v a t o r . Blinking in amazement, the hillbilly drawled(慢吞吞地說(shuō)), I should have brought my wife!“ Which of the following is wrong according to the passage? A. The hillbilly knew little about the big city. B. His wife was not attractive enough. C. His wife couldnt be