Section1讀寫指南LearningBusinessWritinginEnglish

1、Section 1 讀寫指南Learning Business Writing in English1. What is business English? Generally speaking, English can be divided into two different categories, English for General Purpose (EGP) and English for Specific Purpose (ESP). Business English is an important branch of ESP as Business English is Eng

2、lish especially related to international trade, the exchange of capital, goods, and services across international borders or territories. Therefore, business English has its own outstanding features in both learning and teaching. Business English focuses on vocabulary and topics used in the world of

3、 business including trade, finance, and the language and skills needed for typical business communication such as presentations, negotiations, meetings, small talks, socializing, correspondence, report writing, and so on.12. What is English for business writing?Business English is the use of the Eng

4、lish language to make profits and save costs in the process of doing business and it is one way to use English for this purpose. In some ways, all writing in English is similar, following the same basic rules, such as the rules of grammar and syntax. But business writing has only one purpose and one

5、 purpose only, making money. In ordinary writing, the meaning and significance of what is written is of primary importance; in business writing, only the result counts. Since business English is designed and used only to make profits and avoid losses, a basic principle in business English must be th

6、e clear understanding of your purpose in writing anything. And that writing is work, something you do to make money. What you write is a product or service, called a work product. This means you must bear in mind all of the time what your purpose is in constructing any written work product and how y

7、ou expect what you write and the way you write it to result in increasing income and decreasing costs. 23. How can you learn English for business writing well?To learn Business writing well and grasp the tactics in applied writing, you need to have a general idea of the layout of the whole course an

8、d then carry out a scientific way of learning step by step. First, do a careful study of the basic theory on writing; second, recite the business sayings in part two. These business sayings have been proved to be very useful in business negotiations; third, read the core words and expressions very c

9、arefully and try to find the changing forms and different meanings used in different sentences; fourth, recite the typical sentences and do your best to write in different ways; finally, be active in classroom discussion and always do your homework actively.3V. 段落寫譯 Paragraph Writing and Translating

10、1. 有人認為商務(wù)英語不就是些單詞和句子么。這些單詞和句子固然重要，但與此同時也簡直是個故意的誤導。實際上商務(wù)英語就是要“要通過英語這種語言的使用在生意中獲利。4II. 商界名言 Business Sayings1. Money is the best passport. 金錢是最好的通行證。2. All things are difficult before they are easy. 萬事先難后易。3. Rome is not built in a day. 冰凍三尺非一日之寒。4. Like author, like book. 文如其人。5. Teaching others teac

11、hes yourself. 教學相長。6. A man may lead a horse to the water, but he cannot make him drink. 人可牽馬至水邊，強行飲馬卻艱難。5III. 核心詞語Core Words and Phrases (omitted)要求課前背誦重要術(shù)語IV. 經(jīng)典句式Typical Sentences (omitted)要求首先思考如何翻譯？有多少不同的路徑？變換詞性、主語、從句會產(chǎn)生什么不同的效果？61. 有人認為商務(wù)英語不就是些單詞和句子么。這些單詞和句子固然重要，但與此同時也簡直是個故意的誤導。實際上商務(wù)英語就是要“要通過英語

12、這種語言的使用在生意中獲利?！盨ome people think business English are essentially vocabulary and sentence construction. While this is important it isdeliberately misleading at the same time.Business English, in fact, is “the use of the English language to make a profit in business transactions.” 72. 一定要意識到商務(wù)寫作必須盡可能

13、沒有錯誤，單詞拼寫不好、用詞不當還有其他語法錯誤都會讓對方公司覺得你太粗心大意，給客戶的印象也就太糟糕了。Always realize that any business writing you do must be as error-free as possible; failure to use the correct spelling, placement of words, or other grammatical mistakes may be taken by a company to imply you are careless with details, and may onl

14、y leave a bad impression on your customers.83. 寫作中的“組織”是指信息呈現(xiàn)的順序。一旦知道文件中需要包括哪些信息，就可決定如何組織這些信息。能夠用于組織內(nèi)容的普通方法是提綱撰寫和頭腦風暴?！癘rganization” in writing refers to the order in which information is presented. Once you know what information you want to include in your document, you can decide how to organize t

15、hat information. Common methods you can use to organize content are outlining and brainstorming.94. 涉及公司的商務(wù)寫作主要是報告和收據(jù)之類的內(nèi)部財務(wù)結(jié)算表、做報告以及提交關(guān)于改進公司管理和成本控制的提議等。Business writing for the company is mainly reports, internal financial accounting forms such as handing in receipts, submitting proposals for impro

16、ving the company management and cost control, etc.105. 可以使用備忘錄、報告和信函之類的商業(yè)文書，分析它們是怎樣寫成的。要成為商務(wù)寫作方面的專家，最基本的一條就是要分析某一具體的文書，明確各類寫作的目的。You can use examples of business documents such as memos, reports and correspondence and analyze how they are written. In order to become an expert in business writing, it

17、 is essential to analyze certain specific documents and understand the purpose of each piece of writing.11VI. 討論評估 Discussion and Assessment有人說；“實際外貿(mào)工作中并不要求英語特別好，只要會一些簡單的對話和能接待客戶就可以了。”你是否同意這種觀點？“簡單”的“簡”是否等于“簡潔”的“簡”？下面首先參看一則商務(wù)信函的轉(zhuǎn)譯實例，看看翻譯與寫作之間有什么重要的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系？翻譯是否可以作為實現(xiàn)寫作目的的一個重要手段？然后，請逆向思維考慮以下一則“簡短”的廣告用語，看

18、看我們能否為公司撰寫這樣精簡的英語廣告？對商務(wù)英語寫作有何啟發(fā)？121) 示例：按貴方要求改變包裝另需不少時間，港口裝卸業(yè)務(wù)繁忙導致該單卸貨延遲，所有貨品檢驗又得等候數(shù)日，我們因此未能在合同的規(guī)定的日期完成交貨。 13這是賣方對未能及時交貨的一個合理的解釋。寫作時首先面臨兩個路徑的選擇，一是“我們”承擔“不能及時交貨”的后果，主句譯成we were therefore unable to have the goods delivered within the contracted period是以“我們”為主語；二是將句子中前三個小句看成一個主語部分，視為導致“我們不能及時交貨”的行為者，而不

19、是原因狀語從句。運用句法規(guī)則能夠有效地將各個句子成份協(xié)調(diào)組合到一起并確保整個句子的表達功能，要做到這一點就必須首先找準主語。相比之下，第二個方案顯然更為可取，能夠有效地避免“我們”處于首當其沖的境地，表達相對緩和，使得讀者看來是前面三個客觀原因才導致交貨的不及時。英國翻譯學專家Peter Newmark (2001)的觀點值得借鑒，他認為，“最管用的步驟就是首先發(fā)現(xiàn)句子的邏輯主語，然后是具體的動詞，最后其他成份才好各歸其位。” 14根據(jù)上述第二個方案，筆者試譯：Changing the packing of the products in accordance with your instru

20、ctions required a lot of time. Considerable congestion in the port delayed unloading your order. Testing and examining the cargo needed more days. These combined factors resulted in our failure to have the goods delivered within the contracted period.152) 殼牌集團公司廣告語： Shell Oil: Go well. Go Shell.荷蘭皇家

21、殼牌集團公司，簡稱殼牌公司，其組建始于1907年殼牌運輸和貿(mào)易有限公司與荷蘭皇家石油公司的股權(quán)合并。 16從修辭的角度看，Go well. Go Shell.使用了多種修辭手法，一是以兩個Go先行的首語重復法(anaphora )兼具押頭韻(alliteration)方法；二是以well 和Shell結(jié)尾的押尾韻 (rhyme)方法；三是Go well和Go Shell的雙關(guān)語(pun)用法，前者含有“車輛運行好”和“進展順利”的雙重含義，后者含有“認準殼牌服務(wù)”和“購買殼牌油料”等雙重含義。翻譯時，本著力求再現(xiàn)語用風格，實現(xiàn)“功能對等”的原則，譯為“要想行車好，快把殼牌找！” 看到這樣簡潔而

22、又成功表達，我們才知道商務(wù)英語寫作所追求的目標。 17VII. 應(yīng)用寫作 Applied Writing A. How are you going to learn effective business writing? good preparation for your classes;self motivated in practice;active participation in classroom discussion;learn to motivating readers to look forward to every point you make.18B. Sample wri

23、tingHow shall I study English for Business Writing well?19After Ive got my text book before the course starts and Ill read from cover to cover and do the chapter exercises. When my class starts, I have my pen and pad ready to take notes. Take notes every class, and study all these notes every night. 20Whenever there is a chance Ill try to apply class concepts to my study and work environment. I w