高考英語學習提升課堂：把握主謂一致“三原則”提升解題的效率

1、高考英語學習提升課堂：把握主謂一致三原那么，提升解題的效率主謂一致，顧名思義，就是句子主語和謂語動詞在人稱和數(shù)方面保持一 致。它是不少同學的知識薄弱點之一。事實上，要想學好主謂一致，必須 把握好如下“三原那么”。原那么之一：語法一致語法一致，是指謂語動詞的單復數(shù)與句子主語的單復數(shù)保持一致。即： 假設(shè)句子主語是單數(shù)，那么謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；反之，假設(shè)句子主語是復數(shù)，那么 謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式。具體表達在：(1 )當each, every, no, many a修飾and連接的兩個單數(shù)名詞作主 語時，其后的謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。如：Every teacher and every student is

2、invited to the ceremony to be held tomorrow.每一位老師和每一位學生 都被邀請參加明天舉行的典禮。(2)當 “a number of/a group of/a variety of+ 可 數(shù)名 詞復數(shù)”用 作主語 時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式；當the number of+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)”用作主語時， 謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。如：A large number of children survived the earthquake ,不少孩子從地震中幸存了下來。The number of people who fail each year is in single

3、figures.每年考試不及格的學生缺乏十人。(3) 假設(shè)主語 后面有 togetherwith, long with, as well as, rather than 等短語時，謂語動詞的單復數(shù)形式由這些詞前面的主語決定。如：Look, Jack as well as his brothers is playing basketball over there.看，杰克和 他的兄弟們正在那邊打籃球。原那么之二：意義一致意義一致，是指謂語動詞的單復數(shù)與主語意義上的單復數(shù)保持一致。(1 )當moths, physics, news, politics等名詞作主語時，盡管形式 是復數(shù)，但意義那么是單

4、數(shù)，故謂語動詞用單數(shù)。如：The news was like a thunder bolt out of clear sky.這消息猶如晴天霹靂。(2)當 class, group, family, team, movement, public, audience 等集體名詞作主語時，假設(shè)指整體，那么謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；假設(shè)指集體成員， 那么謂語動詞用 復數(shù)。如： Her audience consists mainly of young people o 她的聽眾主要是年輕人。The audience were deeply impressed by the actors1 wonderfu

5、l performance.觀眾對演員們的精彩表演印象深刻。(3)表示重量、距離、時間、錢數(shù)等復數(shù)名詞用作主語時，通常視為 一個整體，所以后面的謂語動詞應用單數(shù)形式。如：Three months is short in ones life, but it is important to me.三個月的時間在人生中是很短暫的， 但對我來說卻非常重要。(1)Several million dollars has been spent on the project.這項工程已耗資數(shù)百萬美元。原那么之三：就近一致就近一致原那么，是指當句子含有兩個或者兩個以上的主語時，謂語動詞 的單復數(shù)形式應與它最臨近

6、的主語保持一致。具體表達在：(1 )在there/here be結(jié)構(gòu)中，be動詞的單復數(shù)形式由離它最近的主 語決定。如： There is a pen and some paper on the desk.桌子上有一 支鋼筆和一些紙。There are two apples and a bottle of milk in the bag. 袋子里有兩個蘋果和一瓶牛奶；Here are some books and a pencil-box for you.給我一些書和一個鉛筆盒。(2) 當 either or. neithernor.notonly.but also.等連接兩個主語時，謂語動詞

7、的單復數(shù)形式取決靠近它 的那個主語。如：Either you or I am right .不是你對，就是我對。(2) Neither his parents nor he is at home today.他父母和他今天都不在 家. Not only you but also she has to attend the meeting.不僅你而且她 都得參加這次會議?！揪氁痪殹?It is said that a number of peoplejoined the club and the number of membersstill increasing.A. has; is B. ha

8、s; are C. have; is D. have; areThe football coach, as well as his team,interviewed shortly after the match for their outstanding performance.A. are B. is C. were D. wasd) Either you or one of your studentsasked to take part in the first experiment tomorrow.A. is B. are C. were D. have been Politics by no means the only subject in which he is interested.A. are B. i