21世紀(jì)大學(xué)英語讀寫教程U05A課件

1、 Unit 5 : Part A21st Century College English: Book 2 Holding On To A Dream Pre-reading Activities Intensive Study Exercises Assignment Intensive Study Difficult sentences Key words, phrases & usages Comprehension exercisesIntensive StudyHolding Onto a Dream1While preparing to graduate from high scho

2、ol in 1987, Priscilla Vazquez waited anxiously for her letter from the University of Washington, hoping she would be the first person in her family to attend college. When the acceptance letter arrived, she was overjoyed.Intensive StudyIntensive Study2There was just one problem: The University of Wa

3、shington didnt have any grant money to give Priscilla. It offered her only a small loan and expected her family to come up with the rest. “My family was making enough money to get by, but not enough to pay that much for me to go to school,” she said.Intensive Study3Priscilla called the financial-aid

4、 office for advice. They told her that prospective students seeking more financial aid are eligible only if they have lived apart from their parents for a minimum of two years. During that time, their parents cannot have claimed them as a dependent on the familys tax forms. “Hearing this, I was tota

5、lly stunned,” Priscilla recalls. “I realized I was going to have to take some time off, work, become financially independent from my parents, and then reapply to school. Postponing my dream hurt, but it was the only possibility.”Intensive Study4Within a month, Priscilla had found a job at a restaura

6、nt and moved into a cheap apartment in a poor neighborhood of Seattle. She also signed up for a job-training program in the city, to learn to be a secretary. It was a hard lifestyle to adjust to. “I got up at 6 a.m. for a long commute to school, finished class at 2 p.m., started work at three, got o

7、ff my shift at 11 p.m., and then I came back home and collapsed.”5Priscilla soon found that her restaurant job just didnt pay enough for her to make ends meet. “So I went to the landlord of my apartment building and asked if there was any cleaning work I could do. Since he felt sorry for me, he agre

8、ed to give me thirty hours a month.”Intensive Study6The job-training program was designed to last six months. Priscilla finished it in four. “They taught me various office skills and word-processing programs. I also learned to answer the phone in an office setting, and write proper business letters,

9、” she said. The program helped Priscilla find employment as a secretary with a small company. “It was my first decent job,” she says. “I was nineteen years old, living on my own, and making $15,000 a year.”Intensive Study7Priscilla reapplied to the University of Washington and was accepted. She qual

10、ified for financial aid because she had been independent from her parents for more than two years. As of the fall of 1990, Priscilla was finally a college student working full-time during the day as a secretary and going to school full-time at night.8Balancing work and school was difficult. “I was s

11、taying up late studying, and going to work early every morning. I was having a hard time concentrating in class, and a hard time on the job because I was so tired,” she says. But she ended up with two As in her first semester anyway. Intensive Study9Priscilla decided to pursue an archaeology major,

12、and in the summer of 1992, she got her first opportunity to really test out her interest in the subject. The archaeological field school of Washington State University was sponsoring a summer research project at a site alongside the Snake River in Washington. Priscilla threw herself into the work, a

13、nd the project supervisors were impressed. At the end of the summer, one of the professors offered her a job. “He said, we just got a contract for a project in North Dakota. We want to hire you if youre willing to take a semester off from school.” The offer was a diversion from Priscillas pursuit of

14、 her BA. “But by then I no longer doubted that I would ultimately finish school, so I felt comfortable grabbing this opportunity,” she says. Intensive Study10When the North Dakota project ended, Priscilla moved to California, where she could live rent-free with one of her brothers. “I ended up worki

15、ng three jobs, trying to make as much money as I could,” she recalls. “I was tired of working full-time and being a full-time student. My goal was to save enough money to let me go back to school, study full-time and work only part-time.” Priscillas brother ran a house-cleaning service, and he agree

16、d to give her work. And she decided to enroll at a local community college where the tuition was much cheaper.Intensive Study11Priscilla took some art classes (she was an amateur photographer) and helped organize a gallery exhibit of students artwork, including her own. In the spring of 1994, she gr

17、aduated from Wenatchee Valley College with a two-year Associate of Arts degree. After graduating, Priscilla applied to the University of Washington once more. She was accepted and enrolled in the fall of 1994. Not having to work so many hours allowed her to make school her priority. “This was such a

18、 luxury, I was almost sorry to graduate!” Priscilla laughs. “But I was awarded my BA in January of 2019.Intensive Study12 As Priscilla looks back on her years of struggle to make her dream come true, she is cautiously encouraging toward others working their way through school. “To balance work and s

19、chool, you have to know yourself,” she says. “You have to know what you can take and what you cant take. You need a lot of discipline, and you have to stay focused, even when you run into barriers and distractions and delays. But mostly you need determination. If you get put down once, just get back

20、 up there and keep fighting.” (949 words)hold onto/hold on to try to keep; not give upe.g.We should hold onto the house and sell it later when prices are higher.They hold on to their principles with a rare firmness.Translate你應(yīng)該繼續(xù)保留著石油股份。Key You should hold on to your oil shares.While preparing to gr

21、aduate from high school in 1987, The adverbial V-ing phrases are used in place of adverbial clauses to express time relationship, cause or reason, circumstances, etc. And they may follow after, since, when(ever), and while.More to doe.g.After throwing down his jacket, the stranger moved threateningl

22、y towards me.He wrote his greatest novel while working on a freighter.1.He has travelled a lot, so he knows a great deal about other cultures. 2.After she had finished all her housework, she decided to see what was on TV.X.Rewrite the following sentences.Having travelled a lot, he knows a great deal

23、 about other cultures.Having finished all her housework, she decided to see what was on TV.Exercises Structure讀寫教程 II: Ex. X, p. 1443.Because we had spent nearly all our money, we couldnt afford to stay in a hotel.4.Since she had forgotten his telephone number, she didnt know how to get in touch wit

24、h him.Having spent nearly all our money, we couldnt afford to stay in a hotel.Having forgotten his telephone number, she didnt know how to get in touch with him.X.Rewrite the following sentences.Exercises Structure5.After he had cleaned the windows, he started to mop the floor.6.I feel much better n

25、ow that Ive taken the medicine you gave me.Having cleaned the windows, he started to mop the floor.Having taken the medicine you gave me, I feel much better.X.Rewrite the following sentences.Exercises StructureText-related informationThe University of Washington The University of Washington is a sta

26、te-supported institution of higher educationoccupying a campus of 684 acres in Seattle,Washington State, USA. Founded in 1861,the university is the oldest publiclysupported institution on the US PacificCoast. Instruction was first offered on a campus in what is now the central business district of S

27、eattle. The move to the present campus was made in 1895. The university library collection containsover 5 million catalogued volumes, an equal number in microform and several million items in other e up with 1) produce (a sum of money) when it is especially needed remaining part of the expensesChine

28、se Translation除了把你欠的2000元還給我外，你別無選擇。e.g.You have no choice but to come up with the $2,000 you owe me.More to learncome up with 2) think of or suggest (a plan or a way of doing sth. esp. a very clever one)e.g. Weve got a team of experts working on the problem lets wait and see what they come up with.

29、Translate如果你不能在十秒內(nèi)想出這個(gè)問題的答案，這次游戲你就出局了。KeyIf you cannot come up with an answer to the question in ten seconds, you are out of the game. get by 1) just manage to survive and have a fairly satisfactory life, often used in get by (on sth.)e.g.When I was a student I used to be able to get by on 20 yuan a

30、 month.Translate他靠這么一點(diǎn)兒薪水怎么過活？Key How does he get by on such a small salary?More to learnget by 2) reach a standard that is acceptable but not very goode.g.He should just about get by in the exam.Perhaps I can get by in a dark suit.Translate你的工作還過得去，但要爭(zhēng)取更上一層樓。Key Your work could get by, but try to i

31、mprove it.only ifCf. “If only” is used to express a wish, desire or pity.e.g.If only you had been to the party!If only she could have lived a little longer!“Only if” is used to describe a condition.e.g.I will come only if nothing is said to the press.He will agree to do it only if you promise to kee

32、p his secret. More to do1.I wish you could stay longer in Britain your English might improve. 2.Children may enter the club on the condition that they are accompanied by adults.IX.Study the differences between “only if” and “if only” and rewrite the following sentences as either if only or only if s

33、entences.If only you could stay longer in Britain your English might improve.Children may enter the club only if they are accompanied by adults.Exercises Structure讀寫教程 II: Ex. IX, p. 1433.Its too bad you didn tell me you had a spare ticket for the show!4.You can go to the sky-diving exhibition as lo

34、ng as you promise you wont try it yourself.If only youd told me you had a spare ticket for the show!You can go to the sky-diving exhibition only if you promise you wont try it yourself.IX.Study the differences between “only if” and “if only” and rewrite the following sentences as either if only or o

35、nly if sentences.Exercises StructureThe students at this university are allowed to take up part-time employment on the condition that it doesnt interfere with their studies.6.Why did she tell my mother?! Everything would have been all right.The students at this university are allowed to take up part

36、-time employment only if it doesnt interfere with their studies.If only she hadnt told my mother,everything would have been all right.IX.Study the differences between “only if” and “if only” and rewrite the following sentences as either if only or only if sentences.Exercises StructureParaphrase? Dur

37、ing these two years, their parents cannot have stated on the tax forms that they were supported by the family (to entitle the family to deductions from its taxable income).During that time, their parents cannot have claimed them as a dependent on the familys tax forms.take (a period of time) off hav

38、e (the time) from ones regular activity (as a break, a holiday or for some other activity)e.g.He usually plays tennis on Sunday but decided to take that Sunday off.He took two hours off to meet his sister at the airport. Translate 我下周要休假。Key Im taking next week off (work).Postponing my dream hurt, T

39、he nominal V-ing phrase usually occurs in the position of subject, direct object, predicative, appositive, prepositional object, etc.More to doe.g.Seeing is believing.No one enjoys deceiving his own people.I am tired of being treated like a child.1._ (看到自己周圍這么多人生活在貧困之中) also made a strong impression

40、 on her. 2._ (在會(huì)上提出這個(gè)問題) will only cause trouble.XI.Complete each of the following sentences, using a V-ing phrase as its subject.Seeing so many people around here living in povertyBringing up the subject at the meetingExercises Structure讀寫教程 II: Ex. XI, p. 1443._ (回顧往事) always makes him feel happy.

41、4._ (考試前熬夜學(xué)習(xí)) will not necessarily improve your scores.Looking back on the pastStaying up late studying before an examinationXI.Complete each of the following sentences, using a V-ing phrase as its subject.Exercises Structure5. _ (既要全日工作，又要成為全日制學(xué)生) proved to be difficult at that time.6._ (住在家里不付房租)

42、allowed Priscilla to save money for school.Working full-time and being a full-time studentLiving at home rent-freeXI.Complete each of the following sentences, using a V-ing phrase as its subject.Exercises Structuresign up (for) sign ones name when joining an organization, a group, or a course of stu

43、dye.g. What made you decide to sign up for the art course?Translate我們不會(huì)外出野餐，除非有更多的人報(bào)名加入。KeyWe will not have the picnic unless more people sign up (for it).program n. plan or schedule of subjects studied for a particular coursee.g.A final thesis is required for most Masters programs and Doctorate pro

44、gram.Her new fitness program includes a 0.5-mile jog every morning.shiftn. period of time worked by a worker who starts work as another finishese.g. the day/night shift work in three shiftsmake (both) ends meetbe able to manage financially because one has just enough money for ones needs; live withi

45、n ones incomee.g. They decided to sell their big house to make ends meet.Translate他設(shè)法干兩份工作來維持收支平衡。KeyHe managed to make (both) ends meet with two jobs. he said he would offer me a job that took thirty hours a monthhe agreed to give me thirty hours a monthsettingn. a particular set of circumstances o

46、r conditionse.g. Working in a university setting you cant ignore these things.Translate孩子在家應(yīng)該受到照顧。Key Children should be cared for in a home setting.qualify for have the right to have or do (sth.)e.g. After three years here youll qualify for a rise. Our team has qualified for the semi-final.Translat

47、e他具有博士學(xué)位，顯然有資格接任這項(xiàng)工作。KeyWith a Doctorate degree, he obviously qualifies for the job.as of / from starting frome.g.The new timetable will come into effect as from tomorrow.Translate從下周開始，我將一直在家工作。KeyAs of next week, I will be working at home.stay up do not go to bede.g.The children wanted to stay up

48、late on Christmas eve, but their mother managed to put them to bed before elevenTranslate直到半夜他還沒睡，一直在讀書。KeyHe stayed up reading until midnight.end up with/doing (sth.) receive/do (sth.) in the end (esp. sth. One originally did not expect)e.g.At first he refused to accept any responsibility but he en

49、ded up apologizing.Translate經(jīng)過許多努力，他們終于簽了合同。KeyAfter much effort, they ended up with a contract.test outtest as fully as possible; examine thoroughlye.g. He conducted experiments to test out his ideas. The drug is quite safe. We have tested it out on animals. throw oneself into put much effort, time

50、 and keenness into (a particular activity, etc.); do (sth.) with a lot of effort and energye.g.She threw herself into her work heart and soul.He will throw himself into the battle against bureaucracy. Translate放學(xué)后，約翰一頭扎進(jìn)了計(jì)算機(jī)游戲。Key After school, John threw himself into computer games.Text-related inf

51、ormationMore to knowDegree, Credit, and Credit hourDegrees are titles conferred on students by a college or university on completion of a program of study. Normally there are four types of degrees: Associates (completion of a program in a specific career field), Bachelors (conferred after completion

52、 of an undergraduate program), Masters (first graduate degree), and Doctorate (second graduate degree and final degree). Text-related informationCredits or credit hours are units of measuring educational credit based on a given number of classroom periods per week throughout a semester. At the colle

53、ge and university level, each course is assigned a number of credit hours. All degree programs require students to complete a minimum number of credit hours before graduation. In most Doctorate programs, students continue to take courses. Until they have earned enough credit hours to attempt their q

54、ualifying exams, they can begin to write their final thesis.Since degree requirements can be very complex and vary from one program to another, all students should check with their departments and program advisors to make sure they are meeting the requirements of their particular program.Text-relate

55、d informationCommunity CollegeA community college is a two-year college that offers programs of study enabling students to terminate their higher education with an earned degree, transfer to a senior college, or pursue studies that do not lead to a degree. An Associate of Arts or Associate of Scienc

56、e degree (A.A. or A.S.) is awarded upon completion of two years of study.Community colleges offer a wide range of academic, vocational and avocational programs and also provide non-credit adult education. Students can transfer to four-year colleges from community college.More to knowText-related inf

57、ormationCommunity colleges have fairly open admissions policy and flexible curricula. They are the educational and cultural centers of the communities they serve.Wenatchee Valley College was founded in 1939, is a community college located 145 miles from Seattle in Wenatchee, Washington State, USA.No

58、t having to work so many hours allowed her to make school her priority.e.g.Fire engines and ambulances have priority over other traffic.If medical supplies are short, children will be given priority.More to learnpriority n. the thing that is considered most important and needs attention before anyth

59、ing elseParaphrase? Not having to work so many hours gave her time and efforts to studies at school before anything else. Not having to work so many hours allowed her to make school her priority.Paraphrase? You have to know what you are able to cope with and what you are unable to. You have to know

60、what you can take and what you cant take.If you get put down once, just get back up there and keep fighting.e.g.The boy got hurt on his way home from school. (But never: The boy got given a violin by his father.)The story eventually got translated into English.More to learn“Get” in the sentence is u